introduction
play

Introduction 2 A Modern Computer iPad Air 2 Computer Systems and - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mar 20, 2023 •210 likes •732 views

Computer Systems and Networks ECPE 170 Jeff Shafer University of the Pacific Introduction 2 A Modern Computer iPad Air 2 Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017 3 Applications Computer Systems and Networks Spring

  1. ì Computer Systems and Networks ECPE 170 – Jeff Shafer – University of the Pacific Introduction

  2. 2 A Modern Computer – iPad Air “2” Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  3. 3 Applications Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  4. 4 Application – Angry Birds ì Written in a high level language (Objective C) ì What resources does Angry Birds need to run? (i.e. what does the Angry Birds executable file need to execute?) Hardware ì ì Processor(s) – Run program, display graphics, … ì Memory – Store programs, store data ì I/O – Touch screen, storage, network, 3-axis gyro, … Software - Operating system ì Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  5. 5 Software - Operating System ì Apple iOS – Used in iPads, iPhones, iPods, Apple TV Variant of Mac OS X operating system used on ì traditional Macs ì What are some jobs of this operating system? Manage hardware ì Manage applications (multitasking) ì ì Written in high-level languages C, C++, Objective C (varies by component) ì Can we run this code directly on the processor? ì Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  6. 6 Software - Compilers / Interpreters These are programs that build other programs! ì Goal: Convert high-level languages into machine code ì that can be directly executed by hardware Examples ì Apple Xcode ì Microsoft Visual ì Studio What’s the difference ì between a compiler and interpreter? Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  7. 7 Hardware https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/iPad+Air+2+Teardown/30592 Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  8. 8 Hardware Apple A8X 64-bit Processor NFC Controller RAM (2GB) Audio NAND Flash Memory (16+ GB) Motion Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  9. 9 iPad Air “2” Processor ì Apple A8X Processor Clock speed – 1.5GHz ì What do these mean? 3 cores ì 2GB RAM ì ì What does a processor do? Executes machine language instructions ì ì Machine language? How does the processor execute the instructions? ì Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  10. 10 Microarchitecture Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  11. 11 How Does It Work? Apple won’t tell us – trade ì secret! Experts can dissolve (with ì acid), burn, or grind off outer protective layers of chip and then peer inside: Need a really good ì microscope! Reverse Engineering in ì the Semiconductor Industry: http://www.scribd.com/doc/53 742174/Reverse-Engineering Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  12. 12 Can see this level of detail with your own eyes… Divided into logic blocks with different functions: Processor • Cache memory • Memory • Controller Video (GPU) • Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  13. 13 SEM Cross-Section of (older) Apple A5 Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  14. 14 Digital Logic Transistor Memory cell Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  15. 15 Transistors ì You can still make assumptions at this level that the transistor is either “on” (1) or “off” (0) ì But below this are analog circuits Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  16. 16 The Computer Level Hierarchy ì Level 6: The User Level – “Angry Birds” User Level Program execution and user interface level ì High-Level Language ì Level 5: High-Level Language Level – “Objective C” Assembly Programming languages like C++, Java, Python, … ì ì Level 4: Assembly Language Level – “ARM Assembly” Program directly at this level, or … ì Use a compiler/interpreter to process/convert high- ì level code Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  17. 17 The Computer Level Hierarchy ì Level 3: System Software Level - “iOS” User Level Controls active programs and manages system ì High-Level resources Language Assembly language instructions often pass through ì Assembly Level 3 without modification System ì Level 2: Machine Level Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Level ì Machine Instructions are particular to the architecture of the ì specific machine (i.e. Intel processors, ARM processors, IBM processors…) Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  18. 18 The Computer Level Hierarchy These levels are too hardware-oriented for ECPE 170… User Level ì Level 1: Control Level High-Level Decodes and executes instructions and moves data ì Language through the system Assembly ECPE 173 – Computer Organization & Architecture ì System ì Level 0: Digital Logic Level Digital circuits, gates and wires implement the ì Machine mathematical logic of all other levels Control ECPE 71 – Digital Design ì ECPE 174 – Advanced Digital Design Digital Logic Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  19. 19 ì Course Overview Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  20. 20 Motivating Question ì What do you, as a programmer, need to know about the underlying system (software and hardware) to write more efficient code? Role of the tools ì ì Compiler, assembler, linker, profiler Role of the operating system and its efficient usage ì Assembly programming (using the CPU efficiently) ì Memory hierarchy and its impact on performance ì Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  21. 21 Course Goals Present a complete view of how computer systems are ì constructed From the CPU assembly programming level ì to the user application level Understand the relationship between computer ì software and hardware Lay the foundation for future courses ì Advanced Digital design / VLSI ì Operating systems ì Computer networking ì Application development ì Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  22. 22 C Programming Language C Why not Python, Java, Ruby, ì Perl, PHP, …? High-level languages ì (especially interpreted, managed code…) try to hide the underlying machine from you ECPE 170 wants to reveal the ì underlying machine to you! Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  23. 23 Linux ì Course will be taught 100% in Linux Did you have to choose Linux for ECPE ì 170? No, not really, but… ì Too many Pacific graduates were ì escaping without a working knowledge! Feedback from co-op employers and ì graduates: “More Linux/Unix skills please!” Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  24. 24 Linux Who here has used a Linux ì desktop/laptop/server before? Who here has used a Linux “device” ì before? I’d be surprised if it isn’t everyone… ì Android runs a Linux kernel ì Amazon Kindle runs a Linux kernel ì TiVO runs a Linux kernel ì Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  25. 25 Discussion ì What is open-source? ì What is an operating system kernel ? Is the kernel everything you need from an OS? ì ì What is Linux? ì What is Ubuntu Linux? (RedHat? Debian? …) à Show family tree of distributions ß ì Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  26. 26 Virtual Machine ì Course will be taught 100% from a virtual machine booting Linux that you install! Couldn’t you just give us remote access to ì a server someplace that is already configured? Yes, but… ì By installing it yourself you will have the ì skills to use it again in the future No mysterious “Professor Shafer” ì software configuration Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  27. 27 Discussion ì What is a Virtual Machine? Is this the same thing as a Java virtual machine? ì ì How is it different from dual booting? ì Which comes first, the virtual machine, or the OS? Answer: It depends! ì Typical desktop install: hosted virtualization ì Typical server install: bare-metal virtualization ì Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  28. 28 Recommended Hosted Virtualization technique for ECPE 170 Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  29. 29 Bare-Metal Virtualization More efficient, but not as easy to install. The virtual machine monitor acts like an operating system itself! Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  30. 30 Version Control ì Course will use version control! Only way to get lab code or turn in ì assignments Did you have to mandate VCS for ECPE 170? ì No, not really, but… ì Too many Pacific graduates were avoiding ì learning this on their own! Feedback from co-op employers and ì graduates: “Only n00bs work without version control!” Used everywhere: Source code of all kinds! ì (C++, Python, Matlab, VHDL/Verilog, …) Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  31. 31 Version Control Who here has used a version control ì system before? What system? ì Where at? ì What purpose? ì Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  32. 32 Questions? ì Questions? ì Concerns? Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  33. 33 ì Course Mechanics Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  34. 34 Websites Main website (syllabus, schedule) • http://ecs-network.serv.pacific.edu/ecpe-170 Canvas website (gradebook) • http://canvas.pacific.edu Bitbucket.org (version control) • http://bitbucket.org Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

  35. 35 Textbook ì No official textbook Optional reference books ì (useful for this class and beyond) The C Programming ì Language, 2 nd Edition Please suggest useful online ì or print references throughout the semester Computer Systems and Networks Spring 2017

Recommend

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

TRAINING COURSE ON SOCIAL PROTECTION & FORMALIZATION TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO MARCH 15, 2017 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Design of the NIS Assistance from the

547 views • 23 slides
INTRODUCTION Introduction 2/42 INTRODUCTION Alternations I am giving bread to the

INTRODUCTION Introduction 2/42 INTRODUCTION Alternations I am giving bread to the

Patterns of variation in the expression of case and agreement Andrs Brny Leiden University Centre for Linguistics 9 November 2019, BaSIS Workshop a.barany@hum.leidenuniv.nl INTRODUCTION Introduction 2/42 INTRODUCTION

1.37k views • 42 slides
Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Outline Motivation Failures

Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Outline Motivation Failures

Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Outline Motivation Failures Definition and concepts Process and product properties Principles SE Approaches Motivation Software and the economy The economies of

1.03k views • 49 slides
Introduction Introduction Introduction Nationwide Cause for Concern 1

Introduction Introduction Introduction Nationwide Cause for Concern 1

Introduction Introduction Introduction Nationwide Cause for Concern 1 https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats17/infographic.htm Introduction Epidemiology in Western Colorado CPHE Surveillance Data Report, May 2018 Chlamydia Epidemiology in Western

977 views • 39 slides
DAQ introduction Purpose of this talk : (1) Introduction for those who have not been in every

DAQ introduction Purpose of this talk : (1) Introduction for those who have not been in every

DAQ introduction Purpose of this talk : (1) Introduction for those who have not been in every meeting (2) Some ideas of diagrams for section 7.1 (Introduction) of TP. Giles Barr 25 Jan 2018, Pembroke College On DUNE, the reality is there is a

474 views • 10 slides
INTRODUCTION cf. Schneider, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION THEY ARE OUT TO GET YOU INTRODUCTION WHAT

INTRODUCTION cf. Schneider, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION THEY ARE OUT TO GET YOU INTRODUCTION WHAT

ADVANCED COMPUTER SECURITY INTRODUCTION cf. Schneider, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION THEY ARE OUT TO GET YOU INTRODUCTION WHAT IS SECURITY? A systems security policies describe What the system is supposed to do Store and provide access

479 views • 16 slides
Overview Introduction to SMIL Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Overview Introduction to SMIL Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Overview Introduction to SMIL Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL Writing a SMIL file Adding Media Objects Martin Halvey Clipping media files January 2008 Timing and Synchronising Layout World Wide

387 views • 14 slides
14 Introduction Introduction Bad guys can put malware into Example: hosts

14 Introduction Introduction Bad guys can put malware into Example: hosts

Introduction Introduction source Encapsulation ISO/OSI reference model message M application segment H t H t M transport network datagram H n H n H t M presentation: allow applications to frame link H l H n H t M interpret

583 views • 4 slides
Previous Lecture Introduction to SMIL 2 Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Previous Lecture Introduction to SMIL 2 Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Previous Lecture Introduction to SMIL 2 Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL Writing a SMIL file Adding Media Objects Martin Halvey Clipping media files January 2008 Timing and Synchronising Layout

322 views • 8 slides
Lecture 1 Andreas Habegger Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq PS vs. PL

Lecture 1 Andreas Habegger Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq PS vs. PL

Introduction Zynq Lecture 1 Andreas Habegger Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq PS vs. PL Processing System Processor Peripherals Data Buses AXI Bus Conclusion BTE5380 - Embedded Systems Octobre 2014 Andreas Habegger

1.81k views • 30 slides
2018.06 01 SMILE5 Introduction S E 5 02 Alpha Cloud M I L 03 Company Introduction 04

2018.06 01 SMILE5 Introduction S E 5 02 Alpha Cloud M I L 03 Company Introduction 04

2018.06 01 SMILE5 Introduction S E 5 02 Alpha Cloud M I L 03 Company Introduction 04 Project References S E 5 PART.1 SMILE5 Introduction M I L Introduction STORION-SMILE5 Residential Energy Storage System Inverter 5kW Output Input

1.06k views • 25 slides
Introduction to CICS Course introduction Course introduction What is CICS? What is an

Introduction to CICS Course introduction Course introduction What is CICS? What is an

Introduction to CICS Course introduction Course introduction What is CICS? What is an application server? Why use an application server? Course introduction Services provided by CICS How CICS applications are defined Scaling CICS to meet

1.84k views • 146 slides
Network Visualization Introduction Presented by Shahed Introduction Introduction Basic

Network Visualization Introduction Presented by Shahed Introduction Introduction Basic

Network Visualization Introduction Presented by Shahed Introduction Introduction Basic building blocks Node Links (relationship between nodes) Spatial information Network data

584 views • 9 slides
Introduction Introduction (1) Main argument of the paper: universities are not only

Introduction Introduction (1) Main argument of the paper: universities are not only

Le jugement des pairs comme outil de management des universits Peer-review as a management tool Christine Musselin (CSO, Sciences Po et CNRS) Avril 2013, Lirrsistible ascension du capitalisme acadmique Introduction Introduction (1)

590 views • 28 slides
Introduction Introduction to storage and to storage and filesystems filesystems Introduction

Introduction Introduction to storage and to storage and filesystems filesystems Introduction

Moreno Baricevic Gilberto Daz Axel Kohlmeyer Stefano Cozzini ULA ICTP CNR-IOM DEMOCRITOS Merida, VENEZUELA Trieste, ITALY Trieste, ITALY Introduction Introduction to storage and to storage and filesystems filesystems Introduction

1.19k views • 51 slides
JABLOTRON JA-100 introduction November 2011 Introduction Todays goals First introduction of

JABLOTRON JA-100 introduction November 2011 Introduction Todays goals First introduction of

JABLOTRON JA-100 introduction November 2011 Introduction Todays goals First introduction of the brand new JA-100 alarm system Visions Basic architecture System components Setting Help us with final validations You are the FIRST ones

1.69k views • 111 slides
1 Introduction Introduction Communication System Baseband an adjective that describes

1 Introduction Introduction Communication System Baseband an adjective that describes

Introduction Introduction Physical Layer Mobile network Global ISP Provides the means to transmit bits Basic Concepts of from sender to receiver, Data Transmission Defines the mechanical, electrical, and Home network timing

463 views • 7 slides
Welcome! Todays Agenda: Topic Introduction Course Introduction Team Practical

Welcome! Todays Agenda: Topic Introduction Course Introduction Team Practical

INFOGR Computer Graphics Jacco Bikker - April-July 2015 - Lecture 1: Introduction Welcome! Todays Agenda: Topic Introduction Course Introduction Team Practical Details Assignments Field Study State of

869 views • 62 slides
Introduction (00) RNDr. Martin Madaras, PhD. madaras@skeletex.xyz Introduction Introduction

Introduction (00) RNDr. Martin Madaras, PhD. madaras@skeletex.xyz Introduction Introduction

Virtual and Augmented Reality Introduction (00) RNDr. Martin Madaras, PhD. madaras@skeletex.xyz Introduction Introduction Who am I? What do I do here? 2 About me Short research bio: - 2014 - finished PhD at FMFI UK - 2014 2016 -

1.3k views • 39 slides
PRESENTATION The Introduction What is the Introduction ? The introduction prepares the audience

PRESENTATION The Introduction What is the Introduction ? The introduction prepares the audience

PRESENTATION The Introduction What is the Introduction ? The introduction prepares the audience for your presentation. It tells them what your presentation is about, why it is important, and finally, what to listen for in your speech. Get the

505 views • 3 slides
How to make a presentation with L A T EX? Introduction to L A T EX Introduction to Beamer

How to make a presentation with L A T EX? Introduction to L A T EX Introduction to Beamer

Introduction to Beamer Hafida Benhidour How to make a presentation with L A T EX? Introduction to L A T EX Introduction to Beamer Introduction to Beamer Hafida Benhidour Department of computer science King Saud University November

732 views • 49 slides
Shenzhen Cuilu jewelry Co., Ltd was founded in 1996 and its a large private enterprise

Shenzhen Cuilu jewelry Co., Ltd was founded in 1996 and its a large private enterprise

Introduction Introduction - - Brief Brief Introduction Introduction of of Cuilu Cuilu Group Group Introduction Introduction - - Brief Brief Introduction Introduction of of Cuilu Cuilu Group Group Shenzhen Cuilu jewelry Co., Ltd

147 views • 14 slides
Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org

Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org

V olunteer C ommunications N etwork (V-C-N.org) Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org Academy Course - 2012-02.24-2208 262: Introduction to ICS-214 : V-C-N.org : Slide: 1 V olunteer C

735 views • 34 slides
Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org

Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org

V olunteer C ommunications N etwork (V-C-N.org) Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org Academy Course - 2012-02.24-2208 262: Introduction to ICS-214 : V-C-N.org : Slide: 1 V olunteer C

558 views • 18 slides

More recommend