Exercise: Two numbers Visual encoding Information Visualization 9 and 26 • how to systematically analyze idiom structure? Marks & Channels • How can you visually represent these two numbers? –Solo: quickly sketch 3 ideas –Pair: compare with your neighbor Tamara Munzner Marks and Channels • Q: how many matched? Department of Computer Science –Together: sketch 2 more different ones University of British Columbia • Keep pix for Foundations 2 • marks & channels • (snap a picture so each of you has it) –marks: represent items or links Lect 4/5, 16/21 Jan 2020 • Many possibilities! –channels: change appearance of marks based on attributes https://visual.ly/blog/45-ways-to-communicate-two-quantities/ https://www.cs.ubc.ca/~tmm/courses/436V-20 2 3 4 Marks for items Marks for links Containment can be nested Channels • basic geometric elements • control appearance of Position Color marks Horizontal Vertical Both Containment Connection –proportional to or Points Lines Areas based on attributes Shape Tilt • many names –visual channels 0D 1D 2D –visual variables –retinal channels Size –visual dimensions Length Area Volume –... • 3D mark: volume, rarely used [Untangling Euler Diagrams, Riche and Dwyer, 2010] 5 6 7 8 Visual encoding Redundant encoding What is wrong with this picture? When to use which channel? • analyze idiom structure • multiple channels • should use channel proportional to data! expressiveness –as combination of marks and channels –sends stronger message –but uses up channels match channel type to data type effectiveness 1: 2: 3: 4: some channels are better than others vertical position vertical position vertical position vertical position horizontal position horizontal position horizontal position color hue color hue size (area) Length, Position, and Value mark: line mark: point mark: point mark: point https://twitter.com/ChaseThomason/status/1118478036507164672?s=19 9 10 11 12 Channels: Expressiveness types and effectiveness rankings Channels: Matching Types Channels: Rankings Channels: Expressiveness types and effectiveness rankings Magnitude Channels: Ordered Attributes Identity Channels: Categorical Attributes Magnitude Channels: Ordered Attributes Identity Channels: Categorical Attributes Magnitude Channels: Ordered Attributes Identity Channels: Categorical Attributes Magnitude Channels: Ordered Attributes Identity Channels: Categorical Attributes Position on common scale Spatial region Position on common scale Spatial region Position on common scale Spatial region Position on common scale Spatial region Position on unaligned scale Color hue Position on unaligned scale Color hue Position on unaligned scale Color hue Position on unaligned scale Color hue Length (1D size) Motion Length (1D size) Motion Length (1D size) Motion Length (1D size) Motion Tilt/angle Shape Tilt/angle Shape Tilt/angle Shape Tilt/angle Shape Area (2D size) Area (2D size) Area (2D size) Area (2D size) • expressiveness principle • expressiveness principle • expressiveness principle Depth (3D position) Depth (3D position) Depth (3D position) Depth (3D position) –match channel and data characteristics –match channel and data characteristics –match channel and data characteristics Color luminance Color luminance Color luminance Color luminance • effectiveness principle • effectiveness principle –magnitude for ordered –encode most important attributes with –encode most important attributes with Color saturation Color saturation – how much? which rank? Color saturation Color saturation highest ranked channels highest ranked channels –identity for categorical Curvature Curvature Curvature Curvature –spatial position ranks high for both –what? Volume (3D size) Volume (3D size) Volume (3D size) Volume (3D size) 13 14 15 16
Quiz: Name those channels Quiz: Name those channels Quiz: Name those channels Quiz: Name those channels • A: Inconvenient Truth • B: Tax Rates • C: Alpen Forest Fires • D: More Alpen Forest Fires https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9tkDK2mZlOo https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/05/25/sunday-review/corporate-taxes.html https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/waldbraende-erklaert-in-der-schweiz-und-in-europa-ld.1483688 https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/waldbraende-erklaert-in-der-schweiz-und-in-europa-ld.1483688 17 18 19 20 Quiz: Name those channels Reminder: Marks and channels Quiz: Name that mark Quiz: Name that mark • E: Netherlands Commuters • marks • A: Shooting Media Coverage • B: Sunsqatch Points Lines Areas – basic geometric elements • channels Position Color – control appearance of marks Horizontal Vertical Both Shape Tilt Size Length Area Volume https://observablehq.com/@ilyabo/animated-flow-map-of-commuters-in-the-netherlands-in-2016 https://twitter.com/MonaChalabi/status/1158779046693679106?s=20 https://flowingdata.com/2017/08/20/sunsquatch-the-only-eclipse-map-you-need/ 21 22 23 24 Quiz: Name that mark Marks: Constrained vs encodable Analyzing marks Quiz: Name that mark • C: UFC fights • math view: geometric primitives have dimensions • D: Yet More Alpen Forest Fires • what type of mark? Points Lines Areas –line? • no, not length coded –point mark with rectangular shape? • yes! 0D 1D 2D –area? • no, area/shape does not convey meaning • constraint view: mark type constrains what else can be encoded –points: 0 constraints on size, can encode more attributes w/ size & shape –lines: 1 constraint on size (length), can still size code other way (width) –areas: 2 constraints on size (length/width), cannot size code or shape code https://multimedia.scmp.com/infographics/sport/article/3010883/bruce-lee-and-mixed-martial-arts/index.html https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/waldbraende-erklaert-in-der-schweiz-und-in-europa-ld.1483688 • quick check: can you size-code another attribute, or is size/shape in use? https://multimedia.scmp.com/infographics/sport/article/3010883/bruce-lee-and-mixed-martial-arts 25 26 27 28 Quiz: Name that mark Quiz: Name that mark ` Scope of analysis • E: Tax Rates • F: Alpen Forest Fires • G: More Alpen Forest Fires • simplifying assumptions: one mark per item, single view • later on –multiple views –multiple marks in a region (glyph) –some items not represented by marks (aggregation and filtering) https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/05/25/sunday-review/corporate-taxes.html https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/waldbraende-erklaert-in-der-schweiz-und-in-europa-ld.1483688 https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/waldbraende-erklaert-in-der-schweiz-und-in-europa-ld.1483688 29 30 31 32
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