Presentation to Seatrade Cruise Global GUIDELINES FOR CRUISE TERMINALS PIANC WG 152
PIANC - Terms of reference WG152 Guide line for Cruise Terminals The terms of reference were set up by the Maritime Commission (Marcom) of PIANC in 2011 and they can be summarized as follows: • Port development planned according to the new requirements of the cruise industry • Accurate investigation of functional design of cruise terminals and facilities • Preliminary audit phase , technical visits on cruise terminals, confrontation of experiences rules and regulations and best practices • Members of the group of different disciplines • A useful report to countries with significant tourist attraction and for those that want to promote cruises
Members of the PIANC WG152 PIANC Working Group 152 comprises members around the world representing various disciplines: port facility managers, port authorities, port terminal designers, and port security experts from 5 different countries These are: § Mr. David Pino (Spain) – Chairman of WG152 § Mr. Tor Hellesen (Norway) § Mr. Gary Ledford (USA) § Mr. Andrew Pedrick McTigue (USA) § Mr. Arie Mol (Netherlands) § Mr. Jorge Nasarre (Spain) § Mr. Don Oates (USA) § Dott. Roberto Perocchio (Italy) § Ms. Carla Salvadó (Spain) – Secretary of WG152
Members of the PIANC WG152 PIANC Working Group 152 has been working hard for more than 4 years in the development of the guideline. § During this time: - Several meetings and visits - Reviewing current state of the art - Needs of modern cruise ships - Study of the cruise market and port facilities § The guideline was presented to the MarCom Committee in Brussels last February with great success . § Final document will be released in April 2016. (www.pianc.org)
Objectives of the Guideline § Provide a technical guideline for assisting the development of cruise port facilities based on the newest trends of cruise ships and industry. § The guideline covers all areas involved in the operation of a cruise ship : • waterside drivers • apron area • terminal building • ground transportation area • financial aspects • security
Contents of the guideline Index 1. Preface 2. General Aspects 3. Waterside design 4. Apron area 5. Cruise terminal building 6. Ground transportation area 7. Financial aspects 8. Security
Cruise Industry Outlook • Cruise tourism – fastest growing sector of tourist industry • Economic impact of $119.19 billion + 940.000 jobs (CLIA, 2014) • Main Cruise destinations : Caribbean (37%), Mediterranean (20%), North Europe (11%), Australia (6%) • Main Cruise companies : Carnival (48%), RC (24%), NCL(11%), MSC (5%) Cruise lines Cruise Destinations South America Others Carnival 3% Other regions MSC Caribbean 12% Corporation 14% Asia 5% 37% 48% Norwegian 4% Cruise Lines Alaska 11% 5% Australia 6% Royal North Europe Caribbean Mediterranean 11% Cruise Ltd 20% 24%
Cruise Industry Outlook • Fleet of more than 300 cruise vessels and plus 41 being ordered 4 49 135 156 46
Cruise Industry Outlook § The cruise industry has experienced incredible growth over the past decade. MMM (More vessels, More Ports, More destinations) § Trend for mega - cruises (+5,000 pax) § There has been an increase in the number of cruise shipping lines and in their fleets (the number and size of the ships). § In this evolving market context Ports have developed an interest in advancing their cruise activities
Planning a cruise terminal • Terminal spaces inside cruise terminal • Type of Cruise terminals. :
Waterside Design Drivers Aspects defined are: § Vessel characteristics (dimensions, tonnage, overhanging decks, etc.) Cruise ships are frequently classified by size, associated with a particular commercial cruise line and not a more general industry-wide characterization Example of cruise line: Royal Caribbean LOA Draught Beam ROYAL CARIBBEAN GRT (m) (ft) (m) (ft) (m) (ft) 268.32 m 7.85 m 32.20 m Sovereign class 73,192 (880 ft) (25.75 ft) (106 ft) 279.00 m 7.90 m 32.20 m Vision class 78,340 (915 ft) (25.92 ft) (106 ft) 293.20 m 8.50 m 32.20 m Radiance class 90,090 (962 ft) (27.89 ft) (106 ft) 311.12 m 9.10 m 38.60 m Voyager class 137,276 (1,020 ft) (29.86 ft) (127 ft) 338.04 m 8.80 m 38.60 m Freedom class 154,407 (1,112 ft) (28.87 ft) (127 ft) 347.17 m 8.82 m 41.40 m Quantum class 168,666 (1,139 ft) (28.94 ft) (136 ft) 360.00 m 9.32 m 47.00 m Oasis class 225,282 (1,181 ft) (30.57 ft) (154 ft)
Waterside Design Drivers Aspects defined are: § Navigation and berthing (channels, turning basins, prevailing winds, tides, weather conditions, wave and current, berth length, etc.) Turning basins Overhanging decks – Oasis class Berth length
Waterside Design Drivers Aspects defined are: § Mooring systems (configuration, bollard types, load capacities) § Fender systems (configuration, fender types, load capacities) § Structural factors (pier elevation, clearance under keel, apron vertical load capacities) § Protection from propeller erosion
Apron Area The guideline defines recommendations in the dimensions of the apron area for different types of terminals depending on: Operations: - stevedoring (line-handling, baggage movement, processing of wastes) - provisioning - emergencies Luggage loading Vessel provisions
Apron Area – Vessel doors § Vessel doors are another important element influencing the apron area Provisioning door Luggage door Utility door
Apron Area - Gangways Covers also designing criterias for gangways: Fixed gangway Fixed telescoping gangway Mobile adjustable gangway Gangway system scheme Design considerations: width of the pier, gangway geometric design, minimum walkway clearance, disable persons, minimize obstructions to the apron service area, stability during storm events, fully covered, construction materials, etc.
Apron Area – Vessel utilities Demand for utility services at cruise vessel: § Potable water § Communications § Bunkering § Sewage & biosolids § Garbage § Ballast water § Power – cold ironing § Potential future considerations – LNG Shore power connection LNG barge
Cruise terminal building Cruise terminals can be divided into four categories based on their use, longevity, adaptability and relationship within a context of adjacent development: Temporary terminal Convertible building Purpose-built terminal Mixed-use terminal
Cruise terminal building § Programme § Flow diagrams § Building levels Flow diagrams Single storey Multi-storey
Spaces inside a Cruise Terminal – Embarkation • Entry • Bag drop • X-ray luggage scanners • Security • Ticketing (Check-in) • Waiting area • Boarding corridor • Gangways
Spaces inside a Cruise Terminal – Disembarkation • Gangways • Boarding corridor • CIQP • Baggage lay down • Customs • Meet & greet
Ground transportation area (GTA) Following spaces are required: § Coaches Park § Taxi ranks § Kiss and ride § Parking
8. Ground transportation area – Mobility Patterns When calculating the spaces required in the GTA area, the following issues should be considered: § Type of cruise vessel operations § Port-city distance § Transport systems available § Other factors – local, regional and environmental considerations For a first approach, a mobility study will be necessary.
Financial aspects Financial aspects considered in the guideline are: • Business Plan • Costs in infrastructure, operating & maintenance • Source of revenues
Security § SOLAs CHAPTER Xl-2 and the ISPS Code (IMO), December 2002 § European regulations (EU Regulation 725/2004, EU Directive 2005/65, EU Regulation 324/2008) in European ports and the American regulations for US ports. § Cruise lines requirements (CVSSA 2010) § Port facility assessment plan
Conclusions § There is a clear trend that cruise tourism has evolved into cruises of larger capacity and with a more number of calls . § Cruise terminals must adapt to the new requirements : larger surfaces, better maritime infrastructures, more accesses, etc. § The importance of this guideline lies in that is the first technical guide for the design of a cruise terminal and its adjacent spaces according to the new market requirements. § Guidelines provided are: waterside design areas, apron area, cruise terminal building, ground transportation area, financial aspects and security . § Finally, it is important to note that each cruise port is different and has an unique conditions . So this guideline has to be taken as a set of procedures to help to follow in accordance with the own conditions of the Port to dimension the cruise terminal spaces.
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