Ancient Egyptians Week 2 Pyramids Slides.notebook May 13, 2020 LO - To examine sources of Steps To Success I can research two versions of an event and compare evidence and consider how they I can ask a variety of questions were discovered I can begin to evaluate the usefulness of different sources Examine this source and determine the climate in Egypt. 1
Ancient Egyptians Week 2 Pyramids Slides.notebook May 13, 2020 LO - To examine sources of Steps To Success I can research two versions of an event and compare evidence and consider how they I can ask a variety of questions were discovered I can begin to evaluate the usefulness of different sources Today, we have been invited to join an archeological excavation. The information you gather will help us on our expedition to Ancient Egypt and may be useful in answering our big question: How has Ancient Egypt impacted the world today? Analyse the sources below and identify how historians have learned about the Ancient Egyptians. Discuss what can historians infer about Ancient Egyptian life from these sources. 2
Ancient Egyptians Week 2 Pyramids Slides.notebook May 13, 2020 LO - To examine sources of Steps To Success I can research two versions of an event and compare evidence and consider how they I can ask a variety of questions were discovered I can begin to evaluate the usefulness of different sources We know about the ancient Egyptians from the discovery of buildings, monuments, objects and mummies. The practice of studying these items is called Egyptology and the people who study them are called Egyptologists. An Egyptologist is an archaeologist who specialises in ancient Egypt. Historians were able to decipher ancient Egyptian texts through the discovery of the Rosetta Stone. The stone had a message carved into it in three different types of writing. It was an important clue that helped experts learn to read Egyptian hieroglyphs (a writing system which used pictures as signs). This was a groundbreaking discovery, as it allowed modern historians to understand ancient Egyptian language and culture. Click on the picture of the Rosetta Stone hieroglyphs for a video about how historians have used the remains of ancient Egyptian life to form a picture about the past. 3
Ancient Egyptians Week 2 Pyramids Slides.notebook May 13, 2020 LO - To examine sources of Steps To Success I can research two versions of an event and compare evidence and consider how they I can ask a variety of questions were discovered I can begin to evaluate the usefulness of different sources One of the most useful discoveries from ancient Egypt were the pyramids. Within these stone structures lay valuable evidence for how the ancient Egyptians lived their lives. Sources of evidence give us clues about people of the past. Analyse the following pyramid sources. Discuss or record 3 things the source can tell you about ancient Egyptian life and any questions you may have. 4
Ancient Egyptians Week 2 Pyramids Slides.notebook May 13, 2020 LO - To examine sources of Steps To Success I can research two versions of an event and compare evidence and consider how they I can ask a variety of questions were discovered I can begin to evaluate the usefulness of different sources Predict what this source could reveal about the purpose of pyramids. Modern artist interpretation of items found inside a tomb. 5
Ancient Egyptians Week 2 Pyramids Slides.notebook May 13, 2020 LO - To examine sources of Steps To Success I can research two versions of an event and compare evidence and consider how they I can ask a variety of questions were discovered I can begin to evaluate the usefulness of different sources Purpose of pyramids The Egyptian pyramids are some of the most magnificent man-made structures in history. They were built to preserve the reign of pharaohs (kings) after their death. Ancient Egyptians believed that when the king died, a part of this spirit remained with his body. To properly care for this spirit, everything the king would need in the afterlife was buried with him - including furniture, treasure and jewelry. The walls of the Pharaoh's burial chamber were covered with carvings and paintings. Near the Pharaoh's chamber would be other rooms where family members and servants were buried. 6
Ancient Egyptians Week 2 Pyramids Slides.notebook May 13, 2020 LO - To examine sources of Steps To Success I can research two versions of an event and compare evidence and consider how they I can ask a variety of questions were discovered I can begin to evaluate the usefulness of different sources Discuss what these sources might demonstrate about how pyramids have changed. King Djoser's Step Pyramid (built in 2630 B.C.) The Great Pyramids of Giza (construction began in 2550 BC) 7
Ancient Egyptians Week 2 Pyramids Slides.notebook May 13, 2020 LO - To examine sources of Steps To Success I can research two versions of an event and compare evidence and consider how they I can ask a variety of questions were discovered I can begin to evaluate the usefulness of different sources Early pyramids The oldest known pyramid in Egypt was build around 2630 BC for King Djoser. It was known as the step pyramid as it had large ledges built onto the sides that looked like giant steps. Archeologists believe that the steps were built as stairways for the pharaoh to climb to the sun god. Over 80 years later, pyramids began to be constructed with sloping and flat sides. According to ancient Egyptian creation stories, these pyramids represent a mound that emerged at the beginning of time. The sun god Ra stood on the mound and created the other gods and goddesses. The first step in building a pyramid was to choose a suitable site. This had to be on the west side of the River Nile because the west was where the sun set and where the dead were thought to enter the underworld. The pyramids also needed to be situated on the high ground, away from the danger of flooding. This map shows where some of the famous pyramids and temples are located. 8
Ancient Egyptians Week 2 Pyramids Slides.notebook May 13, 2020 LO - To examine sources of Steps To Success I can research two versions of an event and compare evidence and consider how they I can ask a variety of questions were discovered I can begin to evaluate the usefulness of different sources Discuss what this source may illustrate about the pyramids. The Mayer Papyri (1108 BC) A fragment of papyrus (paper) on which 14 lines of hieroglyphs are written. This papyrus documents part of the trial of men accused of robbing the tomb of Ramesses VI during the 20th Dynasty. 9
Ancient Egyptians Week 2 Pyramids Slides.notebook May 13, 2020 LO - To examine sources of Steps To Success I can research two versions of an event and compare evidence and consider how they I can ask a variety of questions were discovered I can begin to evaluate the usefulness of different sources Tomb robbers The tombs of pharaohs and nobles were built to protect the corpse and possessions. However, while many have endured for thousands of years, some pyramids were robbed and their contents taken. The burial chamber was purposefully hidden within a maze of chambers and hallways, yet there was always some way around these obstacles. The vast treasures within a pyramid was too tempting for some and sometimes those who were supposed to protect the tombs used the same tools they had built them with to break in and rob them. Consider this confession from a man named Amenpanufer, who was a mason, dated 1110 BC: We went to rob the tombs as is our usual habit and we found the pyramid tomb of King Sobekemsaf, this tomb being unlike the pyramids and tombs of the nobles which we usually rob. We took our copper tools and forced a way into the pyramid of this king through its innermost part. We located the underground chambers and, taking lighted candles in our hands, went down. We found the god lying at the back of his burial place. And we found the burial place of Queen Nubkhaas, his consort, beside him, it being protected and guarded by plaster and covered with rubble. We opened their sarcophagi and their coffins, and found the noble mummy of the king equipped with a sword. There were a large number of amulets and jewels of gold on his neck and he wore a headpiece of gold. The noble mummy of the king was completely covered in gold and his coffins were decorated with gold and with silver inside and out and inlaid with precious stones. We collected the gold that we found on the mummy of the god including the amulets and jewels which were on his neck. We set fire to their coffins. 10
Ancient Egyptians Week 2 Pyramids Slides.notebook May 13, 2020 LO - To examine sources of Steps To Success I can research two versions of an event and compare evidence and consider how they I can ask a variety of questions were discovered I can begin to evaluate the usefulness of different sources Every image, object, building and landscape is a piece of evidence that can help us in understanding the past. Analysing this evidence is called 'interpreting'. True or false? Determine how events Explain why it can be in history can be difficult to interpret the All historical sources misunderstood by past. can be trusted. historians The Mask of ancient Egyptian A photograph from a television series based Pharoah Tutankhamun (reigned on the life of Tutankhamun (2015) 1332-1323 BC) 11
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