Ergonomics in the 21st Century: New Solutions for The UC Ergonomics - PDF document

3/8/18 I have no personal conflicts of interest to disclose. Ergonomics in the 21st Century: New Solutions for The UC Ergonomics Research & Graduate Training Program is supported by: Old Problems Google Pentax Carisa Harris Adamson, PhD, CPE, PT Asst. Professor, UCSF Department of Medicine Logitech Director, UC Ergonomics Research & Graduate Training Program Facebook/Occulus ERGONOMIC ISSUES THROUGH THE AGES Learning Objectives • Identify age old ergonomic issues that may be improved using new wearable technology. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. • Identify 3 types of wearable technology being applied to ergonomics. • Discuss applications of existing & evolving technology in ergonomics • Identify how health/medical practitioners may use wearable technology to prevent and treat musculoskeletal disorders. 1

3/8/18 ERGONOMIC ISSUES THROUGH THE AGES ERGONOMIC ISSUES THROUGH THE AGES The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. MSDs by Body Region Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) of the Neck, Back, and Upper Extremity, Washington State Workers’ Compensation MSDs By Occupation Compensable (a) Claims, State Fund and self-insured, 2002–2010 Incidence of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Private Industry, United, States, 2015 Number of Incident Incidence Rate per Incidence per Median Occupation Cases 10,000 Workers Laborers and freight handlers 21,990 111.0 Type 10,000 FTEs (b) Lost Workdays (c) Median Cost (d) Nursing aides and orderlies All 90.0 56 $11,183 19,360 180.5 Janitors and cleaners 15,810 102.6 Back 40.8 35 $6,032 Heavy and tractor-trailer truck 15,320 95.6 drivers Shoulder 14.8 129 $28,228 Emergency medical 3,980 187.4 technicians/paramedics Elbow/forearm 5.3 116 $18,083 Firefighters 5,630 168.5 Hand/wrist 15.3 79 $14,166 Telecommunication line 2,190 224.6 installers/repairers Knee 10.1 56 $14,245 https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/97-141/pdfs/97-141.pdf 2

3/8/18 Laboratory Approach The picture can't be displayed. Quantifying Ergon Er onom omic Evaluation on of of Bed Making The picture can't be displayed. Physical Am Among Hotel Room Cl Clean aners Exposures. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't The picture can't be be displayed. displayed. Wh What about the other tasks? Mi Missing Ma Markers…. Pushing Supply The picture can't be Cart displayed. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. 12 to 20 Rooms/Day Cleaning Making Bed Bathroom The picture can't be The picture can't be displayed. displayed. Vacuuming Dusting Drawings taken from: https://ergonomics.osu.edu/ergonomics-resources-housekeeping 3

3/8/18 The BIONIC (WO)MAN The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. https://www.realwire.com/realResource.asp?ReleaseID=37982&d=w&nam e=BRL-Wearable-Technology-Applications-Chart- 2014%2Ejpg&title=Wearable%20tech%20application%20chart Inertial Measuring Units (IMUs ) Emerging Wearable - 3D angular velocity (rad/s) Technologies in gyro The - 3D acceleration (m/s 2 ) pict accel ure can' - 3D earth magnetic field Ergonomics Th t be e dis (mGauss) The picture can't be displayed. pic play tur ed. e - Drift free 3D absolute Sensor ca mag n't orientation (calculated) Th be baro e dis Fusion pic pla tur T ye • Inertial Measuring Units e h d. ca e p • Electromyography n't be ic UWB RF dis t • Exoskeletons pla u ye r GNSS d. e c The picture can't be displayed. T a n h 't e 16 p b i e c d 4

3/8/18 Activity Classification Algorithm Ac Activity Classification Al Algorithm The p displa The picture can't be displayed. Stand Accelerometer Data The picture can't be displayed. Walk Accelerometer Data The picture can't be displayed. Sit Accelerometer Data The picture can't be displayed. Th dis Behavior Cueing Framework Data Based Push Notifications The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. 5

3/8/18 Ph Physical al Dem eman ands Asses essmen ent SpineTrack Summary Dashboard The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. Probability of Lumbar Spine Disorder Sp SpineTrack Performance (RISK MODEL) The picture can't be displayed. Worker 1 Worker 2 Worker 3 Worker 4 LIFTRATE The picture can't (LIFTS/HR) The picture can't be The picture can't be The picture can't be be displayed. displayed. displayed. displayed. MOMENT (Nm) SAG POS (DEG) TWIST VEL Percent Probability of Belonging to High Risk Group (DEG/s) 24% 21% 32% 40% LATERAL VEL (DEG/s) 41 PROBABILITY OF HIGH RISK GROUP MEMBERSHIP (%) 6

3/8/18 17 Synchronized Inertial Job Analy Jo lysis is Measuring Units (IMUs) Inertial Motion Capture report position, The picture can't be displayed. acceleration, velocity of segments and joints The picture can't be displayed. 26 25 March 8, 2018 March 8, 2018 Wearable EMG https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oWu9TFJjHaM Jo Job (R (Re)D )Desig ign through Sim imula latio ion The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. https://www.pehub.com/canada/2016/10/top-q3-canadian-vc-deals/ 27 March 8, 2018 7

3/8/18 Wearable EMG Wearable EMG The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. https://www.roadtovr.com/thalmic-labs-120-million-series-b-wristband-gesture-tracking-virtual-reality/ The picture can't be displayed. Purpose The picture can't • Develop a model to predict grip/pinch hand be displayed. posture & force magnitude using IMU & wEMG Quantify individual UE exposure to compare • to thresholds (1kg Pinch Grip;4kg Power The picture can't be displayed. Grip) The picture can't o Percent time in heavy hand exertion be displayed. o Forceful repetition rate o % time spent in wrist deviation while in forceful exertion • Use gold standard technique to compare with predictive model Harris-Adamson C, et al., Biomechanical risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome: a pooled study of 2474 workers. Occup Environ Med 2014;0:1–9 8

3/8/18 The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. Average R- Average R- squared squared values for values for grip force pinch force prediction prediction across 11 across 11 subjects. subjects. Multimedia Video Task Analysis The picture can't be displayed. Hand 14 The picture can't be displayed. Posture Prediction The picture can't be The picture can't be displayed. displayed. The picture can't be displayed. 9

3/8/18 The picture can't be displayed. HandTrack Hand Posture & The picture can't be displayed. Force Estimation The picture can't be displayed. Th Disability Prevention Passive Exoskeletons Exposure N=340 (n=178) HR* Pace Change The picture can't be displayed. The picture can't be displayed. Hal Scale >4 & ≤6 1.87 [1.19-2.94] Hal Scale >6 1.69 [0.97-2.93] % time in All Exertions >58% & ≤76% 0.81 [0.50-1.31] % time in All Exertions >76% 1.96 [1.20-3.20] Lost Time Total Repetition Rate >14 & ≤24 2.33 [1.02-5.34] 2.16 [0.97-4.79] Total Repetition Rate >24 2.23 [1.01-4.95] Forceful Repetition Rate >3 & ≤8 1.83 [0.88-3.77] Forceful Repetition Rate >8 *All models adjusted for gender, age, BMI, study site & non-overlapping exposures 10

3/8/18 Study Tasks Passive Exoskeletons The picture can't be displayed. Arm Support Exoskeleton Prolonged static posture Dynamic overhead drilling • Weighs 12.4 lbs • Provides 5-15lbs (70-200lb-in) of support The picture can't be The picture can't be The picture can't be The picture can't be displayed. displayed. displayed. displayed. Allows for most of shoulder ROM • Adjustable to fit 5%-95% population The picture can't be displayed. Trunk Support Exoskeleton • Weighs 5-8 lbs • Provides up to 30 lbs (min. of 120 lb- in)of support • No gait impedance • Adjustable to fit 5%-95% population Welding, Mechanical work, Electrical Automotive under-body, Construction, Aviation Assembly work, Grinding, Inspection Assessment Arm Exo Study Design Muscle • EMG (agonist & antagonist) Static posture Dynamic posture R1: Task Fatigue • Rate of Perceived Exertion 2lb tool 10 lb tool 2lb tool 10 lb tool • Productivity Performance Self Self Self Self No Support No Support No Support No Support R2: Support selected selected • Usability selected selected device = load* device = load* device = load* device = load* support support support support • MSD Discomfort Worker Within subjects 2x2x3 design: 12-16 participants from local construction industry • Overheating * Support = load determined by measured arm weight + tool weight perception • Device Comfort 11