Enlightenment personcentered approach stands in a long Counter - PDF document

03.08.2010 It has been a long way from • Is there a spiritual dimension to the Mysticism to Dialogue – are we personcentered approach? going back again? • Can spirituality be used for personal ‐ a critical comment on Esotericism growth in the personcentered therapeutic and Spirituality in Psychotherapy and Spirituality in Psychotherapy process? process? • Can a human desire for spirituality be fulfilled by a personcentered therapeutic Robert Waldl, Vienna process? PCE 2010 2/50 • questions like these have an old tradition in Europe • Enlightenment • personcentered approach stands in a long • Counter ‐ Enlightenment tradition of humanism • Humanism H i • two spiritual ‐ psychotherapeutic statements • Aufklärung, Gegenaufklärung, Humanismus 3/50 4/50 Humanistic Renaissance, 1400 ‐ 1600 Humanistic Renaissance, 1400 ‐ 1600 • Focus of Science: • process of from the hereafter secularization and towards the here individualization individualization and now. • Säkularisierung und Individualsierung • vom Jenseits zum Hier und Jetzt! 5/50 6/50 1

03.08.2010 Humanistic Renaissance Period of Enlightenment,18 th cent. • Religion • Freedom changed … • Dignity g y • Religion • Religion • Autonomy (self ‐ determination) moved … • Freiheit, Würde und Autonomie (Selbstbestimmung) 7/50 8/50 Period of Enlightenment,18 th cent. Period of Enlightenment,18 th cent. Humanistic Thinking: Immanuel Kant: • Emancipation • “Enlightenment is man’s emergence • Free Will from his self ‐ incurred immaturity”. • Liberty • Emanzipation, Freier Wille, • „Aufklärung ist der Ausgang des Menschen aus seiner selbst verschuldeten Unmündigkeit“ Unabhängigkeit 9/50 10/50 Characteristics of Enlightenment Immanuel Kant and Carl Rogers • Criticism – Authority • Kant encouraged us to trust our own power of judgment. • Tolerance – Religion • Rogers encouraged us to trust our • Rogers encouraged us to trust our • Here and Now H d N own experience. • Kritik, Toleranz, positive Dieseitsgestaltung • Ermutigung der eigenen Urteilskraft zu trauen. • Ermutigung der eigenen Erfahrungen zu trauen. 11/50 12/50 2

03.08.2010 Immanuel Kant and Carl Rogers Legend: • The Temptation of Saint Anthony • inside our own organism • Die Versuchung des Heiligen Antonius 13/50 14/50 15/50 16/50 • “Communications is only about externals.” • “Feelings and personal meanings are neither recognized nor owned.” • “The individual increasingly comes to feel that this locus of evaluation lies within himself.” Rogers, 1961 17/50 18/50 3

03.08.2010 3. Human consciousness includes James Bugental, 1964: an awareness of oneself in the context of other people. 1. Human beings cannot be 4. Human beings have choices and reduced to components. responsibilities responsibilities. 2. Human existence expresses 5. Human beings are intentional, itself in human relationships. they seek meaning, value and goals. 19/50 20/50 “It began to occur to me that unless I had a • Sigmund Freud, 1927 need to demonstrate Die Zukunft einer Illusion my own cleverness and • Viktor Frankl, 1948 learning, I would do Der unbewusste Gott D b t G tt b better to rely upon the l h client for direction of • Carl Gustav Jung, 1963 movement in the Psychologie und Religion process.” Rogers 1932 21/50 22/50 E. Hinterkopf, 1998 • The 1950s and 60s ... tendencies of Integrating Spirituality in Counseling: enlightenment. • “to present a definition of • Since the 80s … typical tendencies of spirituality that is not restricted by counter ‐ enlightenment th the nature of spiritual content but t f i it l t t b t instead includes the spirituality of • die 1950er und 60er … Aufklärung all clients by concentrating on spiritual process” • Seit den 80er … Tendenzen der Gegenaufklärung 23/50 24/50 4

03.08.2010 E. Hinterkopf, 1998 E. Hinterkopf, 1998 Integrating Spirituality in Counseling: Integrating Spirituality in Counseling: • “definition of spirituality or the • “However, if a client asks a spiritual process: a subtle, bodily counselor whether an experience feeling with vague meanings that f li ith i th t is spiritual, I believe it is important i i it l I b li it i i t t brings new, clearer meanings that a counselor gives at least a involving a transcendent growth brief definition of spirituality to process” explain his or her response” 25/50 26/50 Brian Thorne, June 2009, Vienna E. Hinterkopf, 1998 Integrating Spirituality in Counseling: • Lecture • No Definition • No Definition • Relapse into pre ‐ Rogerian methods • Aufklärung, Gegenaufklärung, Humanismus • “Personenzentrierte Psychotherapie – eine spirituelle Disziplin” 27/50 28/50 Brian Thorne, June 2009, Vienna Brian Thorne, June 2009, Vienna “To refuse God’s love or a benevolent “The ability to love one’s self must often energy from the cosmos, means living in be forged on the ambos of suffering and the worst hell. This means a self ‐ hate, guilt.” which is so deep nothing reaches it” which is so deep, nothing reaches it „Die Liebe Gottes … abzulehnen, bedeutet “Die Fähigkeit, sich selbst zu lieben, muss die letze Hölle zu bewohnen. Das deutet auf oft am Amboss des Leidens und der Schuld geschmiedet werden.“ einen Selbsthass, der so tief sitzt, dass nichts zu ihm durchdringt“ 29/50 30/50 5

03.08.2010 Rogers, 1961 Brian Thorne, June 2009, Vienna • “in successful psychotherapy, • not be unwashed, uncombed in dirty negative attitudes toward the self and rumpled clothes decrease and positive attitudes decrease and positive attitudes increase” • “the correlated increase in “Ungekämmt und ungewaschen in acceptance of others.” schmutzigen und zerrissenen Klamotten zu stecken …. 31/50 32/50 Rogers, 1961 Brian Thorne, June 2009, Vienna lecture: www.apg ‐ forum.at “quiet pleasure in being one’s self” robert@waldl.com 33/50 34/50 Brian Thorne, June 2009, Vienna “It seems that my inner spirit has reached out and touched the inner „ ….would wish Rogers had died in spirit of the other. ...I am compelled p p 1973. 1973.” to believe that I, like many others, have underestimated the importance of this mystical, spiritual dimension”. „…. lieber gewesen, wenn Rogers schon im Jahre 1973 gestorben wäre.“ Rogers, 1980 35/50 36/40 6