4. Period of Enlightenment 4.1 Enlightenment Thought 4.2 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

4. Period of Enlightenment

4.1 Enlightenment Thought 4.2 Enlightened Despotism 4.3 Partition of Poland

4.1 Enlightenment Thought

Enlightenment Catechism 1) Methods of Natural Science à Development of Social Science 2) Belief in Reason 3) Belief in Progress (Optimistic)

What is a Philosophe? “One who, trampling on prejudice, tradition, universal consent, authority – in a word, all that enslaves most minds – dares to think for himself, to go back and search for the clearest general principles, to admit nothing except on the testimony of his experience and his reason.” - The Encyclopédie

Deism David Hume • Natural History of Religion (1775) Voltaire • Candide (1759) • Treatise on Toleration (1763)

4.2 Enlightened Despotism

“Enlightened Despots” Frederick the Great (Prussia) Catherine the Great (Russia) Joseph II (Austria)

4.3 Partition of Poland

Partitions of Poland First: 1772 (Russia, Austria, and Prussia) Second: 1793 (Russia and Prussia) Third: 1795 (Russia, Austria, and Prussia)