DIG IGITAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SK SKIL ILLS FOR FACI CILITIES - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

DIG IGITAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SK SKIL ILLS FOR FACI CILITIES MANAGEMENT O3 – A1 Lea Learnin ing Unit it 3 Sustainable e Bu Build ildings Proje oject Star art Date - October 1st, 2016 Proje oject End End Date - March 31, 2019 Dur uratio ion in n mon months - 30 months Proje oject code 2016 -1-UK01-KA202-024420 DATE: 17 th November 2017 - Prepared by: SWC

Learnin Le ing Unit it 3 Desc scrip iptio ion Title Sustainable Buildings Description This learning unit introduces the learner to the concept of sustainable building and provides basic facts and principles on efficient use of energy, water and other resources; waste reduction; indoor environmental quality enhancement; operations and maintenance optimisation; building rating & certification systems. Overall Learning Learners should develop innovative thinking in the design and operation of Outcome buildings and be able to analyse and evaluate sustainable design options for buildings. EQF level 4-5 Duration 20 hrs NLT ECVET credits 1 Prerequisites General+ Learning Outcomes of Learning Units 1&2 Assessment 1 assignment: case-study (5 open-ended questions and/or multiple choice test) Learning Outcome Explain the concept of sustainable building and the existing building 1 certification systems. Learning Outcome State the main energy concepts for heating & cooling. 2 Learning Outcome Explain waste management & reduction processes. 3 Learning Outcome Describe the ways to enhance the indoor air quality. 4 Learning Outcome Advise customers on operations and maintenance optimisation. 5

Sustainable Building Environmental benefits:  enhance and protect biodiversity and ecosystems  improve air and water quality  reduce waste streams  conserve and restore natural resources

Sustainable Building Economic benefits:  reduce operating costs  create, expand, and shape markets for green product and services  improve occupant productivity  optimize life-cycle economic performance

Sustainable Building Social benefits:  enhance occupant comfort, workforce productivity and health  heighten aesthetic qualities  minimize strain on local infrastructure  improve overall quality of life"

Sustainable Building  Higher efficiency of using energy, water, and other resources;  Reducing waste, pollution, and environment degradation;  Protecting occupant health and improving human productivity.

Building Certification – BREEAM

Building Certification - LE LEED

Building Certification - DGNB The DGNB System covers all of the key aspects of sustainable building: environmental, economic, sociocultural and functional aspects, technology, processes and site. The first four quality sections have equal weight in the assessment. This means that the DGNB System is the only one that gives as much importance to the economic aspect of sustainable building as it does to the ecological criteria. The The weighting of the quality sections for buildings assessments are always based on the entire life cycle of a building. Of course the focus is always also on the wellbeing of the user. It is crucial that the DGNB does not assess individual measures but instead the overall performance of a building or urban district. There are already 1212 DGNB-certified projects in Bulgaria, China, Denmark, Germany, Canada, Luxembourg, Mongolia, Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Romania, Russia, Switzerland, Spain, Slovakia, Thailand, Czech Republic, Turkey, Ukraine, Hungary, UK.

Building Certification – LE LEED v BREEAM

Building Certification – Passive House Passive House - is a rigorous, voluntary standard for energy efficiency in a building. It results in ultra- low energy buildings that require little energy for space heating or cooling.

Building Certification – Passive House The Passive House Standard allows for extremely high levels of comfort as well as enormous energy savings - not only for residential buildings.

Building Certification – nZEB The EPBD Recast 2010 enhanced and expanded on the 2002 Directive. “building that has a very high energy performance… The nearly zero or very low amount of energy required should to a very significant extent be covered by energy from renewable sources, including renewable energy produced on- site or nearby.”  Public Buildings: requires all new buildings to be (NZEB) by public bodies by 31st December 2018  Near Zero Energy Buildings: requires all new buildings to be (NZEB) by 31st December 2020  Most jurisdictions aim to have a primary energy use not higher than 45 kWh/m2/y.

Heating and Cooling – Human Comfort Modern construction techniques place greater priority on human comfort and its running costs compared to earlier construction methods. Planning the internal environment of a building requires great care and attention to ensure that certain physical attributes are maintained. Factors that affect human comfort:  Temperature (Heat & Cooling)  Air Quality (humidity & Ventilation)  Acoustic environment (sound)  Lighting environment (natural light & lighting)  Ergonomics and building environment  Hygiene, security and safety conditions

Comfort Conditions

Concepts of f Heat Transfer  Convection - is heat transfer by mass motion of a fluid such as air or water when the heated fluid is caused to move away from the source of heat, carrying energy with it.  Conduction - is the transfer of heat between substances that are in direct contact with each other  Radiation - due to emission of electromagnetic waves is known as thermal radiation. Heat transfer through radiation takes place in form of electromagnetic waves mainly in the infrared region.

Concepts of f Cooling  Convection - occurs when heat is carried away from your body via moving air. If the surrounding air is cooler than your skin, the air will absorb your heat and rise. The faster this air moves, the cooler you feel.  Radiation - occurs when heat radiates across the space between you and the objects in your home. If objects are warmer than you are, heat will travel toward you. Removing heat through ventilation reduces the temperature of the ceiling, walls, and furnishings.  Perspiration - can be uncomfortable, and many people would prefer to stay cool without it. As moisture leaves your skin pores, it carries a lot of heat with it, cooling your body. If a breeze (ventilation) passes over your skin, that moisture will evaporate more quickly, and you'll be even cooler.

Energy use in in Non-Residential Sector

Energy Concepts for Heating  Steam Heating Systems - These systems use fuel to boil and condense steam and then pass it through pipes. It is relatively inefficient in its use of energy.  Water Heating Systems - Like steam heating systems, water heating systems rely on a boiler powered by oil or gas. water heating systems are relatively inefficient and slow compared to other commercial heating options.  Heat Pump Energy Systems - essentially work like a fridge in reverse, extracting heat from the air and circulating it through a property. They are extremely energy efficient.  Renewable Energy Systems - refers to energy that occurs naturally and repeatedly in the environment. Therefore, it does not release any net greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Energy Concepts for Cooling Air Conditioning  Single Split System - most affordable type of air conditioning system.  Multi-Split System - Multi-splits work in exactly the same way but, depending on the model, you can connect up to nine indoor units to one outdoor unit.  VRF or VRV System - best solution for medium to large applications.  Central Air Conditioners, Chillers, Free Cooling and Heat Pumps – for large applications.  State of the Art Cooling ( Night Breeze - new home climate control technology designed to save energy in hot, dry climates; Coolerado Cooler - an evaporative cooling technology that is 100% indirect; Thermal Energy Storage - technology that is best for simply shifting energy use from peak to off-peak hours). Ventilation  Natural Ventilation - This type relies on outside air pressure and temperatures to create changes in the indoor environment.  Mechanical Ventilation - relies on the use of fans to force air exchange.

Waste Management  Waste management is the collection, transportation, disposal or recycling and monitoring of waste.  Waste material is produced through human being activity.  This material is managed to avoid its adverse effect over human health and environment.

Benefits of f Waste Management  Save Money - increasing recycling can cut your disposal costs and improve your bottom line.  Knowledge is power - By understanding the amount and types of wastes your organization produces, you’re better positioned to find ways to reduce cutting costs.  Streamline reporting and information sharing - Tracking your waste management on one platform and using a standard set of metrics, makes it easier to report information with stakeholders.  Enhance sustainability - Managing waste, water, and energy more efficiently are core components of sustainability.  Reduce greenhouse gas emissions - Waste prevention and recycling offer significant potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and conserve resources