Dark Matter Experimental Direct Detection Summary Javier Tiffenberg Fermi National Laboratory June 20, 2018 1 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
Fermilab DM - Direct Detection landscape for 2018+ Standard WIMP Nuclear recoil CDMS, LZ SM SM Electron recoil Light DM + light mediators Bosonic DM: axion, dark ph. CDMS, A’ CDMS, LZ, SENSEI ADMX CubeSat, SENSEI e e CONVERSION/ABSORPTION SCATTERING μ eV meV eV keV MeV GeV T eV Fermilab has a strong paricipation in the three G2 experimets ◮ ADMX, CDMS & LZ Broad program covering a wide spectrum of DM candidates 2 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
LZ: giant Xe Time Projection Chamber Lots of mass - 7 tonnes in TPC, 5.6 tonnes fiducial D494 3” PMTs in TPC Extensive internal and external calibration program 3 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
LZ: giant Xe Time Projection Chamber Project on schedule: TPC installation Spring-Summer 2019 ◮ Cryostat already on site. Arrived May 14. Cooldown planned for Winter 2019 First physics data - Spring 2020 Fermilab In charge of cryogenics, xenon circulation and controls Currently hosting cryo and xenon circulation installation planning meeting Strong involvement with full time Scientist and Postdocs 4 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
ADMX: superconducting cavity resonator power frequency Fermilab is the DOE’s lead Lab for ADMX. Strong group at Fermilab and many R&D project within the lab The experiment is operating at university of Washington with a plan to scan up to 2 ghz over three years. 5 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
ADMX: superconducting cavity resonator Frequency (MHz) 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 18 | DFSZ 2 16 HAYSTAC RBF UF / g 1 ADMX 2013 ), 100% Dark Matter KSVZ γ γ 14 a log |g 0 DFSZ This work (N-Body) 1 − 12 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 Axion Mass ( eV) µ 10 KSVZ -1 8 GeV -16 6 | (10 Axion Lineshape γ 4 γ a Maxwellian |g DFSZ N-Body 2 0 2.65 2.7 2.75 2.8 2.85 2.9 Axion Mass ( eV) µ Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 151301 (2018). Did not find an axion, but could have. First measurement at the DFSZ frontier. 6 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
Improving Axion detectors Quantum non-demolition single microwave photon detectors based on superconducting qubits Aaron Chou, Daniel Bowring (FNAL), David Schuster, Akash Dixit, Ankur Agrawal (UChicago) Photon amplitude is non- destructively mapped onto the qubit’s frequency. Reduce noise levels in axion detectors by evading the quantum back-action. 7 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
CDMS: cryogenic crystal SuperCDMS - - ] ] - - SNOLAB [ [ - - SNOLAB Ladder Lab Will provide superb sensitivity “future home” to low mass WIMPs with Ge - - and Si operated in both HV and - - iZIP modes - - - - : # * /; ) 6' <"4 -# 5"-+,) -' ν - - PRD 95, 082002 (2017) ν 80'!2# - "* 3# 65' [ / ] . +& //%'0/* 12"+3'4 ) -'$# 56+* $' • One of three experiments in >-9) $,+,'+63' 3","& ,) -$' U.S. “suite” of Generation 2 !& # 6; * +,) -'="/,-) 6'. ",) ' * dark matter experiments • Expected to begin operation in 7 +,"-'+63'8) * 9') /,"-'$2# "* 3# 65' early 2020 and run for ~5 years • Facility designed for future upgrade to reach neutrino !"# $%# & '($) * +,) -$' iZIP floor 1 10 cm X 3.8 cm 8 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
CDMS: cryogenic crystal Early science with single-charge sensitive detectors SuperCDMS recently demonstrated first HV device that measures single e/h pairs. SNOLAB Ladder Lab “future home” Surface running of prototype Si Laser device constrains calibration dark photons data and electron- scattering dark matter arXiv: 1804.10697 2 9 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
CDMS: cryogenic crystal SuperCDMS at Fermilab Detector control and readout card • FNAL continuing 20 years of involvement with SuperCDMS with major roles in G2 project: SNOLAB Ladder Lab • Cryogenic design “future home” Warm electronics design and fabrication • • Calibration system design • Infrastructure and Integration for whole experiment Lab-G is home-base for SuperCDMS efforts at FNAL; will • commission cryogenic and calibration systems here. Calibration system Northwestern cryogenic testing facility (NEXUS) to be installed in • prototype at Lab G MINOS near detector hall • Allows low background testing of “beyond G2” detectors Installation to take place this summer • • Developed in collaboration with FNAL SuperCDMS group and with support from FNAL detector R&D funds SuperCDMS cleanroom in Lab G 3 10 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
CubeStat: X-ray detector in space cubeSat for detecting the decay of dark matter in our own galaxy. 3.5 keV lines seen in clusters of galaxies Bulbul et al 2014. it may come from 7 keV sterile neutrino DM decay. Plan: Build a cubesat and look for this signal in our galaxy. LDRD 2018. PI: S. Timpone. 11 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
SENSEI: silicon Skipper-CCDs Techology developed at the Lab through LDRD award First dedicated experiment looking for DM-electron interactions Fully funded: 10g & 100g design/construction started. ◮ Grant from Heising-Simons Foundation technical support from Fermilab Standard CCD mode: charge in New Skipper CCD: charge in each each pixel is measured once pixel is measured multiple times 5 5 4 measured charge in pixel [e - ] measured charge in pixel [e - ] 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 -1 -1 -2 -2 -3 -3 -4 -4 -5 -5 Readout-noise: 3.5 e RMS Readout-noise: 0.06 e RMS 12 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
SENSEI: expected sensitivity Light Dark Photon Heavy Dark Photon �� - �� �� - �� �� - �� �������� ������� �������� �� - �� �� - �� ������� ������ - ��� � ����� �� - �� � �� - �� � � ������� ������ � � � � � �� - �� � - � � σ � [ �� � ] σ � [ �� � ] � � � � � � �� - �� ������ - �� �� - �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ≪ - � ������ - ��� � ����� ����� � �� - �� ���������� � � � ������� � ������ - ���� � �� �� - �� ���� ������ - ���� � ����� �� - �� ������ - ���� � ���� �� - �� ���� ���� �� - �� �������� ���� - �� �� - �� �������� � �� =( α � � / � ) � � �� = � � � � ≪ ��� � � � = � � χ �� - �� �� - �� � �� �� � �� � �� � �� � � �� �� � �� � � χ [ ��� ] � χ [ ��� ] 13 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
SENSEI commissioning run at surface: arXiv:1804.00088 First direct-detection constraints between ∼ 500 keV to 4 MeV Explored 3 orders of magnitude of large-xs DM candidates using data from an engineering surface run (tiny exposure: 0.02 g-dat) 14 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
Fermilab DM - Direct Detection landscape for 2018+ Standard WIMP Nuclear recoil CDMS, LZ SM SM Electron recoil Light DM + light mediators Bosonic DM: axion, dark ph. CDMS, A’ CDMS, LZ, SENSEI ADMX CubeSat, SENSEI e e CONVERSION/ABSORPTION SCATTERING μ eV meV eV keV MeV GeV T eV Fermilab has a strong paricipation in the three G2 experimets ◮ ADMX, CDMS & LZ Broad program covering a wide spectrum of DM candidates 15 51st Annual Users Meeting June 20, 2018
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