Cooling With Less Warming: updates from US, India and China At the virtual 32nd Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol 24 November 2020
Agenda 19:00 :00 - 19:05 :05 In Introdu troducti tion on & Up Update ate on on AI AIM M Act Alex Hillbrand, HFC Policy Advocate, Climate & Clean Energy & International Program, NRDC 19:05 :05 - 19:15 :15 Updat ate e on on U. U.S. S. sta tate te ac acti tion on on on HF HFCs Cs Christina Theodoridi, Technical Analyst, Climate & Clean Energy Program, NRDC 19:15 :15 - 19:25 :25 Special update on California’s new AC and refrigeration regulations Kathryn Kynett, Air Pollution Specialist, California Air Resources Board 19:25 :25 – 19:33 :33 UNE NEP P coo ooling g initi tiativ atives es in In India ia Atul Bagai, Head-Country Office India, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) 19:33 :33 – 19:38 :38 Updat ate e on on AC AC m mark arket et tr trends ends an and ot other er coo ooling g initi tiativ atives es in In India Prima Madan, Lead- Cooling & Energy Efficiency, NRDC India Program 19:38 :38 – 19:45 :45 Updat ate e on on co cool oling g ac acti tion on in Ch China a – new ew AC s C sta tandar ards & up updated ated F-gas as law aw Mona Yew, Deputy Director, NRDC China Program 19:45 :45 – 20:00 :00 Q&A 1
Domestic U.S. Action on HFCs Federal and state action to curb HFCs in the United States Natural Resources Defense Council
Federal legislation to phase down HFCs is being considered in Congress Ph Phas ase e do down wn us use e of of hy hydr drofluorocarbons ofluorocarbons HFC FCs s in in th the e Un United ited Stat States es ov over er th the e ne next xt 15 15 ye years ars Require new production and import of HFCs fall • from 100% to 15% of baseline by 2036 Encourages EPA to implement HFC leak • prevention and disposal requirements, incl. recycling, reclamation, and destruction Authorizes EPA to ban HFCs in end-use • applications where there are better alternatives Bill does not ratify Kigali Amendment but • mandates compliance with the core obligations 1
Federal legislation is broadly supported Leg egis islatio lation n is is bi bipartisan partisan an and d sup upported ported by by br broad oad co coali alition tion of of sta take keholde holders rs: Backed by industry and environmental community • Passed in the House: • Part of larger legislative package - American Innovation and Manufacturing Leadership Act (H.R. 5544) with 28 - cosponsors Agreement in the Senate: • Clear support but no passage yet - American Innovation and Manufacturing Act (S.2754) with 34 cosponsors - Chance for enactment this year and if not then likely early priority for Biden Administration • 1 2
States leading since court vacated federal HFC rules Cali liforn ornia ia fir irst st +3 st 3 stat ates ad s adop opt 2015 2015 EPA A SN SNAP AP 21 21 2017 2017 2019 2019 to ado to dopt r rul ule id ident ntic ical ru l rule le 2016 2016 2018 2018 2020 2020 +3 st 3 stat ates ad s adop opt EPA A SN SNAP AP 20 20 Cou ourt pa partia ially v lly vacat ates s id ident ntic ical ru l rule le EPA A rul ules Si Sign gnif ifica icant nt Ne New A w Alt lterna native ives s Pol olic icy y (SN SNAP AP) ) rul ules: s: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) prohibited the use of HFCs in specific applications • Rules were partially vacated by the U.S. Court of Appeals shortly after they were introduced • State rules are almost identical to the SNAP rules • 3
States rules apply to specific end-uses No Not t a a sup upply ply ph phase ase do down wn • Sta State te ru rules les gr grad adually ually pr proh ohibi ibit t HFC FC-use use in in • ce cert rtain ain ap applica plications: tions: - Commercial refrigeration - Household fridges & freezers - Foams - Aerosols - Building chillers 4
States committed to HFC reductions account for 50% of GDP 5
Key drivers for state action Sh Shared cl ared clim imate a ate ambi bition tion an and e d enviro nvironm nmental ental adv advoc ocacy acy Ena nabl bled b ed by y co coope opera ration t tion through the U.S hrough the U.S. Cl . Clim imate ate Al Alli liance: ance: Coalition of 25 governors committed to acting on • climate Responsible for about 40% of U.S. HFC emissions • Serves as a platform to share lessons learned • Source: usclimatealliance.org Provides opportunity to create uniform regulations • 6
Additional action in California Re Refrige frigerant rant ma management nagement pr program ogram Established in 2009 • Leak prevention and servicing • Complement to federal program • Pr Propo oposal sal to o adopt dopt me measures asures fo for r st stationary ationary air ir- con onditioning ditioning and nd re refrigera frigeration tion Addresses major sources of HFC emissions • Limits the potency of refrigerants sold in these • applications 7
Thank you Contacts: ahillbrand@nrdc.org ctheodoridi@nrdc.org
Update on California’s Proposed New Rulemaking for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Kathryn Kynett NOVEMBER 24, 2020 12
California is taking action to reduce HFCs SB 1383 requires CARB to reduce HFC emissions 40% below 2013 levels by 2030 25 20 (MMTCO 2 e) 15 SB 1383 10 5 0 (2018) 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 [Source: CARB F-Gas Inventory] 13 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
Existing Regulations in California ▪ Refrigerant Management Program (RMP) ▪ Leak checks and repairs for refrigeration systems > 50 lbs ▪ California HFC Regulation ▪ Adopts U.S. EPA SNAP Rules 20 and 21 into state law ▪ Other Regulations: Advanced Clean Cars, Consumer Products, Semiconductor Manufacturing, and Small Cans for Automobile Refrigerant ▪ Proposed: Transport Refrigeration Units 14 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
GWP Limits for R/AC Equipment (Proposed) ▪ Stationary Refrigeration ▪ 150 GWP limit → new or remodeled facilities ▪ Company-wide targets for existing retail food facilities ▪ Stationary Air Conditioning (AC) ▪ 750 GWP limit for new equipment 15 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
California Timeline 2020 2017 2019 2016 2018 SLCP Strategy SB 1383 HFC Regulation & SB 1013 December Board Kigali Amendment Industry/NRDC Voluntary Agreement Hearing 16 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
Requirement for New Refrigeration Systems ▪ New Facilities: 150 GWP limit ▪ Newly constructed facilities ▪ Remodeled facilities with all new refrigeration Retail & Commercial Cold Storage Industrial Process ▪ Existing Facilities: 750 – 2,200 GWP limit (80+ supermarkets using low-GWP refrigerants in 2019) 17 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
Requirement for Existing Refrigeration Systems in Retail Food Facilities ▪ Weighted-average GWP reduction (<1,400 by 2030), or ▪ Greenhouse Gas Potential reduction (55% by 2030) ▪ Flexibility to plan over 8 to 10 years ▪ Prepares sector for HFC phasedown (U.S. has not ratified) 18 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
Requirements for Existing Non-Retail Facilities Proposed GWP limits for new systems that will be placed in existing facilities: ▪ Industrial refrigeration → GWP 1,500 - 2,200 ▪ Ice rinks → GWP 750 ▪ Cold storage covered by current regulation (GWP 1,500) 19 DRAFT DELIBERATIVE
Proposed GWP Limit for Stationary Air Conditioning (AC) ▪ Air conditioning equipment manufactured after January 1, 2023, must use a refrigerant with a GWP value less than 750. AC Equipment used in AC Equipment used in Commercial/ Room ACs + Dehumidifiers Residences Non-residential Buildings 20 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
AC Refrigerant Alternatives (<750 GWP) ▪ Many of the next generation refrigerants have an A2L classification ▪ Currently in use in the California in chillers, room AC and car AC ▪ Use in other types of ACs requires updates to Building Codes Model Building N. American Safety California Building International Codes/ Standards Code* Safety Standards State Fire Marshal (ASHRAE and UL) In Progress/Pending Completed 21 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
Emissions Benefits HFC Emissions from Stationary ▪ Annual Emissions Refrigeration + AC Reductions in 2030: 3.8 18 MMTCO 2 e 16 14 ▪ Cumulative Emissions 12 Reductions by 2040: 72 (MMTCO 2 e) 10 MMTCO 2 e Proposed Amendments 8 ▪ ~38% of the reductions 6 4 needed to meet the SB 2 1383 Goal 0 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032 2034 2036 2038 2040 22 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
Next Steps ▪ Draft proposed regulation text made public October 20, 2020. Go to: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/hfc-reduction-measures/rulemaking or search for “CARB HFC Rulemaking” ▪ 45-day comment period (October 23 – December 7) ▪ Board hearing on proposed regulation: Thursday, December 10, 2020 https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/board-meeting-dates New New AC Refrigeration < 750 GWP <150 GWP 23 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
Future Considerations ▪ SB 1383 and EO B-55-18 (carbon neutrality by 2045) ▪ Sales prohibition of new refrigerant ▪ Low-GWP requirements for additional end-uses 1,430 3,900 2,088 3,985 1,774 GWP Values for Common HFC Refrigerants 24 CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
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