Tamele, Victor Jaime (730128-A353, tamele@kth.se) KTH School of Industrial Engineering and Management Division of Heat and Power Technology Stockholm, Sweden 2015 Co-advised by Prof. Björn Palm and Dr Geraldo Nhumaio
Contents Background Main Objective Specific Objectives Modelling PV System using HOMER Software Techno economic study of solar heating system using RETScreen Results and Discussion Conclusions and Recommendations 2
Background In Mozambique many areas are not connected to the national grid because of financial reasons. The renewable energy technology is adequate as a solution for this problem. It would avoid the environmental impact and the increase of air pollution. 3
Background The techno-economic assessment of hybrid solar energy was performed for residential application. HOMER was used for modeling PV system. RETscreen was used to perform the techno economic study of a domestic hot water system. 4
Main Objective To perform a techno-economic assessment of hybrid solar energy for residential application in Mozambique. 5
Specific Objectives to evaluate the solar energy potential in the selected site; to estimate the electricity and heat load demand based on a household model; to optimize the hybrid solar system or the proposed scenarios based on economic grounds; 6
Specific Objectives to define the parameters to be used in the RETScreen software analysis; to determine the characteristic of solar water heating system using RETScreen; to perform the financial analysis of solar water heating system using RETScreen; 7
Specific Objectives to evaluate the total cost and assess the economic feasibility of the conceived hybrid solar system. 8
MODELLING PV SYSTEM USING HOMER SOFTWARE Load assessment List of electrical appliances in the house Appliance Common Power QTY Duration kWh/day demand (W) Flourescent lamp 18 3 5h/day 0.27 TV color 150 1 2h/day 0.3 Radio 40 1 9h/day 0.36 Video 45 1 1h/day 0.045 Razor 20 1 10min/day 0.003 TOTAL 1573 0.978 9
MODELLING PV SYSTEM USING HOMER SOFTWARE Hourly load profile 10
MODELLING PV SYSTEM USING HOMER SOFTWARE Solar resource assessment Solar radiation profile for Maputo 11
MODELLING PV SYSTEM USING HOMER SOFTWARE System components 12
MODELLING PV SYSTEM USING HOMER SOFTWARE Detail cost of the solar PV system Replacement Component Size Capital O&M Lifetime cost ($) cost cost ($) ($)/year PV panels 0.o5-4 kW $9500/kW $9500/kW 0 20 years Bateries 200 Ah/12V $130/battery $130/battery $4/year 917 kWh Hi-Fase per battery Converter $250/kW $250/kW $250/kW $25/year 10 years 13
TECHNO ECONOMIC STUDY OF SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM USIND RETSCREEN Start screen input data RETScreen input line Selected modeling parameters Facility type Residential Project type Heating Technology Solar water heater Heating value reference High Climate data location Maputo 14
TECHNO ECONOMIC STUDY OF SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM USIND RETSCREEN Load characteristics RETScreen input line Selected modeling parameters Application Hot water Load type House Daily hot water use 90 (3 persons) 50 o C Temperature Operating days per week 7 18,2 o C Minimum water supply temperature 25,5 o C Maximum water supply temperature 15
TECHNO ECONOMIC STUDY OF SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM USIND RETSCREEN Solar water heater RETScreen input line Selected modeling parameters Type Glazed Manufacturer Hassier Alternative Energie Model Omegasol S Gross area per solar collector Aperture area per solar collector Fr (tau alpha) coefficient 0.69 4.07 (W/m 2 )/ o C Fr UL coefficient T emperature coefficient for Fr UL 0 Number of collectors 1 Miscellaneous losses 3% (assumed) 16
TECHNO ECONOMIC STUDY OF SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM USIND RETSCREEN Balance of system and miscellaneous RETScreen input line Selected modeling parameters Storage Yes Storage capacity (L/m 2 ) 50 Heat exchanger 100% for integrated collector Miscellaneous losses 6% (assumed) Pump power/solar collector area 0 Electricity rate 0.144 USD/kWh 17
TECHNO ECONOMIC STUDY OF SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM USIND RETSCREEN Financial analysis RETScreen input line Selected modeling parameters Inflation rate 3.5% Project life 25 years Dept ratio 0% Heating system initial cost 2525 USD Incentives and grants 0 O&M cost 50 USD/year 18
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Optimization results of PV system 19
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Solar heating system results Location Output data for Maputo Energy demand 1.1 MWh (heating) 3.05 m 2 flat plate collector Solar collector area Collector capacity 1.93 kW Storage capacity 138.1 l Renewable energy 0.8 MWh delivered Solar fraction 78% Hot water demand 30 l per person and day 20
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Financial analysis Pre-tax IRR - assets % 14.5 Simple payback yr 8.6 Equity payback yr 7.4 21
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The PV-battery system is optimal for the global solar below 4.5 kWh/m 2 /d for the load less than 0.5 kWh/d. For the global solar above 4.5 kWh/m 2 /d the system is optimal for the load up to 1 kWh/d. The maximum power of the collector was found to be 1.93 kW, hot water storage volume of 138.1 l and 3.05 m 2 collector area. 22
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The pre-tax IRR – assets is of 14.5%, the simple payback period is of 8.6 years to return the investment and the 7.4 years of equity payback. As recommendation, the collectors must be installed in the roof area or on a frame near the house just in case of difficult installation on the roof. The pipes to and from the tank must be as short as possible. 23
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS As Maputo is in the southern hemisphere, it is strongly recommended the collector faces North. The collector can not be shaded at any time of the year, either by trees, building or other collectors. 24
THE END 25
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