A VIRTUAL WHEAT VARIETY TRIAL PLOT TOUR Scott D. Haley CSU Wheat Breeder Soil and Crop Sciences Department Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado wheat.colostate.edu ramwheatdb.com
Outline • Why are we touring the plots from in here? • CSU Wheat Breeding Program objectives • Overview of dryland variety trial (UVPT) entries • Acknowledgements
Hail Damage – May 27 2016
Breeding Program Objectives • Grain yield and yield stability - Stress tolerance - drought, high temperatures, winter injury - Agronomics - plant height, straw strength, maturity, coleoptile length, shattering tolerance - Disease and insect resistance - rusts, wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), wheat stem sawfly, Russian wheat aphid (RWA) • End-use quality - Physical, structural - Milling - Dough mixing - Bread baking
Avery - 59.6 bu/a Byrd - 58.0 bu/a Advantage = +1.6 bu/a (43 trials, 2013-15) Byrd - 55.0 bu/a Hatcher - 50.5 bu/a Advantage = +4.5 bu/a (49 trials, 2009-15) Hatcher - 46.8 bu/a Akron - 42.1 bu/a Advantage = +4.7 bu/a (78 trials, 2001-08, 2014-15) Akron - 42.3 bu/a Vona - 40.9 bu/a Advantage = +1.4 bu/a (35 trials, 1991-95) Vona - 34.5 bu/a Baca - 33.1 bu/a Advantage = +1.4 bu/a (16 trials, 1990-95) 1973 1976 1994 2004 2011 2015
‘Snowmass’ Hard White Wheat (2009) Woodrow, Colorado
Whole Grain Baking Test – CSU Wheat Quality Lab
Breeding Challenges A Balancing Act • Stress tolerance (drought, heat, winter) • Dryland, full irrigation, limited irrigation • Other pest resistance traits (RWA, leaf and stem rust, WSMV, etc) • Herbicide tolerance • Hard red (HRW) and Stripe rust Wheat Stem Sawfly hard white (HWW) • Commodity and • Stripe rust – non issue in Great Plains prior to 2001, evolution of virulent races (2010, 2012) identity preserved production • Wheat stem sawfly – non issue prior to 2011, rapidly emerging problem
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Hard Red Entries – First Tier • Prairie Red, Akron – long term checks • Hatcher – 7 years as #1 in CO acreage survey, yield, quality, moderate stripe rust resistance • Byrd – 2 years as #1 in CO acreage survey, #1 in trial in 2010-12, top 3 2013-14, middle of pack 2015 • Denali – yield, test weight, straw strength • Avery – new release (2015), 2 days later, larger kernels/better quality, higher yield potential than Byrd • TAM 114 (Agseco) – second year in trial, very good in 2015 under heavy stripe rust
Hard Red Entries – Second Tier • Ruth (Nebraska) – second year in trial, good test weight, good in 2015 under heavy stripe rust • Kanmark (KWA) – third year in trial, lower dryland yields, excellent straw strength for irrigation • Cowboy (Crop Res Fnd WY) – Denali sib-selection • TAM 204 (Watley) – beardless (I do not like them...) • Ripper – 4 years as #2 in CO acreage, on way out • CSU experimentals – potential release fall 2016 - CO11D1767 – yield, stripe rust resistance - CO11D446 – yield, test weight, quality, stripe rust
Hard White Entries • Antero – high dryland and irrigated yield, excellent stripe rust resistance, no grower premium • Snowmass – $0.80-1.00/bu grower premium • Sunshine – $0.40-0.60 premium, improved yield and stripe rust resistance relative to Snowmass • CO12D922 – 1 of 5 lines for potential 2017 release as Snowmass-Sunshine replacements (D922, D906, D1028, D2010, D2011) • Joe (KWA) – second year in trial, very good in 2015 under heavy stripe rust, quality and sprouting tolerance below average
Clearfield Entries • Two-gene – enhanced tolerance to Beyond, allows use of methylated seed oil => feral rye - Brawl CL Plus – early, good test weight and quality, intermediate reaction to stripe rust - Doublestop CL Plus (OK Genetics Inc) – first year in trial, good stripe rust resistance • Single-gene – cheat, jointed goatgrass control - Settler CL (Nebraska) – historically strong performer, susceptible to new stripe rust races - Oakley CL (KWA) – fourth year in trial, good yield, test weight, stripe rust resistance, quality
Wheat Stem Sawfly Wheat Stem Sawfly Stem Solidness Scale (1-5)
Wheat Stem Sawfly Entries • Emerging as a serious concern throughout the west-central Great Plains, including Colorado • MTS1024 (MT St Univ) – solid stem, very late • CO11D1397 – CO050337-2/Byrd pedigree - CSU experimental, potential release fall 2016 - Hollow-stem, has shown some “non-preference” - High yield & test weight over 2 years at New Raymer - Low cutting in 2014 (20”+ precip in May 2015 … ) - Reduced level of larval infestation in stubble (8-10% compared to 60-70% in Denali
Private Company Entries • Limagrain Cereal Seeds - LCS Mint – yield, test weight, quality, stripe rust - LCS Chrome – first year entry, leaf/stripe rust resistance • Westbred (Monsanto) - Winterhawk – yield, drought tolerance, test weight - WB-Grainfield – yield, stripe rust resistance - WB4721 – first year entry, leaf/stripe rust resistance • Agripro (Syngenta) - SY Wolf – dryland/irrigated, straw strength, leaf disease - SY Monument – yield, stripe rust resistance - SY Sunrise – irrigated, straw strength, certified seed
web – http://csucrops.com
web – http://ramwheatdb.com
Acknowledgements
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