Rights and Responsibilities: Meeting the Educational Needs of Homeless Children & Youth Homeless Education Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) PRE SE NT AT ION AGE NDA Unde r standing Home le ssne ss De finition of Home le ss Home le ss Stude nts Rights Ac c e ss to Se r vic e s L E A/ L iaison Re sponsibilite s Possible Cause s of Home le ssne ss High L e ve ls of Pove r ty L a c k of Affor da ble Housing De c line in Public Assistanc e Une mployme n t E vic tion F or e c losur e Divor c e , Dome stic Viole nc e or L ac k of F amily Suppor t T e e n Pr e gnanc y Cost of Child Car e Chr onic He alth Pr oble ms & L ac k of Affor dable He alth Car e Dr ug & Alc ohol Addic tion Me ntal He alth Issue s 1
Bar r ie r s to Home le ss E duc ation E nr ollme nt r e quir e me nts Hig h mobility L a c k of tr a nspor ta tion L a c k of sc hool supplie s, c lothing , e tc . Poor he a lth, fa tig ue , hung e r , a nxie ty/ tr a uma L a c k of a wa r e ne ss F or una c c ompa nie d youth L a c k of pa r e nt/ g ua r dia n Ne e d for e mployme nt Cr e dit/ pa r tia l c r e dit a c c r ua l polic ie s Author ity Involve me nt Impac t on E duc ation Ho me le ss stude nts a re twic e a s like ly to re pe a t a g ra de in sc ho o l, b e e xpe lle d o r suspe nde d. 1 Within a sing le ye a r, 97 % of c hildr e n who a r e home le ss move up to thr e e time s a nd 40 % a tte nd two diffe re nt sc ho o ls. With e a c h c ha ng e in sc ho o ls, a stude nt is se t b a c k a c a de mic a lly b y a n a ve ra g e o f fo ur to six mo nths. L e ss tha n one out of four home le ss youth graduate 1 “Ame ric a ’ s Yo ung e st Outc asts” , from hig h sc hool! 2 www.ho me le ssc hild re na me ric a .o rg ; 2009 2 T he Na tio na l Ce nte r o n F a mily Ho me le ssne ss, T he Co st o f Ho me le ssne ss, De c e mb e r 2012 Impac t on Me dic al He alth Home le ss c hildr e n ar e mor e like ly to e xpe r ie nc e he alth r e late d pr oble ms as oppose d to the ir house d pe e r s. T wo time s mo re like ly to e xpe rie nc e c hildhood illne sse s a s o the r c hildre n F o ur time s mo re like ly to ne e d spe c ial c a re at birth T wo time s mo re like ly to ha ve e a r infe c tions F ive time s mo re like ly to ha ve dia rrhe a a nd stoma c h pr oble ms F o ur time s a s like ly to b e asthmatic T wo time s a s like ly to b e hospitalize d Hig he r inc ide nc e s o f lic e a nd sc a bie s Hig he r ra te s o f e le va te d blood le ad le ve ls 2
7 Impac t on Me ntal He alth Home le ss c hildr e n suffe r fr om str e ssor s that ne gative ly affe c t the ir psyc hosoc ial we ll-be ing as oppose d to the ir house d pe e r s. 74% wo rry a b o ut whe re the y will live 58% wo rry tha t the y will ha ve no plac e to sle e p 87% wo rry tha t some thing will happe n to the ir fa mily 25% ha ve witne sse d ac ts of viole nc e within the ir fa mily 1/ 5 o f ho me le ss c hildre n 3-6 ye a rs o f a g e ha ve e mo tio na l pro b le ms se rio us e no ug h to re q uire pro fe ssio na l c a re 47% of home le ss sc hool age c hildre n have proble ms suc h as anxie ty, de pr e ssion; c o mpa re d to 18% o f o the r c hildre n L e ss tha n 33% o f ho me le ss c hildre n re c e ive me nta l he a lth tre a tme nt “Ame ric a ’ s Yo ung e st Outc a sts” , www.ho me le ssc hildre na me ric a .o rg ; 2010 Mc Kinne y-Ve nto Home le ss Assistanc e Ac t In Ja nua ry 2002, Pre side nt Bush sig ne d into la w the No Child L e ft Be hind (NCL B) Ac t a nd re -a utho rize d the Mc K inne y-Ve nto Ho me le ss Assista nc e Ac t fo r Ho me le ss Childre n a nd Yo uth. All ho me le ss sc ho o l-a g e d c hildre n a re e ntitle d to the same fr e e and appr opr iate public e duc ation tha t is pro vide d to no n- ho me le ss stude nts. All sc hools ar e r e quir e d to r e move bar r ie r s to the e nr ollme nt, atte ndanc e , and ac ade mic suc c e ss of home le ss stude nts. 3
De finition of Home le ss T he Mc K inne y-Ve nto Ac t de fine s a "ho me le ss" stude nt a s o ne b e twe e n 0 to 22 ye a rs o f a g e , who la c ks a fixe d, re gular, and ade quate nig httime re side nc e , a nd ma y inc lude Sha ring the ho using o f o the rs due to lo ss o f ho using , e c o no mic ha rdship, o r simila r re a so n (“do ub ling up”) L iving in mo te ls, ho te ls, tra ile r pa rks, c a mping g ro unds due to the la c k o f a de q ua te a lte rna tive a c c o mmo da tio ns L iving in e me rg e nc y o r tra nsitio na l she lte rs L iving in a pub lic o r priva te pla c e no t de sig ne d fo r huma ns to live L iving in c a rs, pa rks, a b a ndo ne d b uilding s, sub sta nda rd ho using , b us o r tra in sta tio ns, o r a simila r se tting Ab a ndo ne d, runa wa y o r pushe d-o ut yo uth o r mig ra to ry c hildre n living in a ny o f the a b o ve c irc umsta nc e s E duc ational Rights Ho me le ss c hildre n a nd yo uth ha ve the rig ht to e nro ll in sc ho o l imme diate ly I f a stude nt do e s no t ha ve immuniza tio ns, o r immuniza tio n o r me dic a l re c o rds, the lia iso n must a ssist imme dia te ly in o b ta ining the m a nd the stude nt must b e e nro lle d in the inte rim E nro lling sc ho o ls must o b ta in sc ho o l re c o rds fro m the pre vio us sc ho o l a nd stude nts must b e e nro lle d while re c o rds a re o b ta ine d Distric ts must de ve lo p, re vie w / re vise po lic ie s to re mo ve b a rrie rs to e nro llme nt & c re a te a Dispute Re solution Pr oc e ss Unac c ompanie d Minor A minor who is not in the physic al c ustody of a par e nt or guar dian, and inc lude s youth who have be e n abandone d, has be e n pushe d out or is a r unaway. Inc lude s yo uth who ha ve run a wa y a s we ll a s tho se se nt a wa y. So me stude nts b e c o me ho me le ss o with the ir fa milie s, b ut e nd up o n the ir o wn due to la c k o f spa c e in te mpo ra ry a c c o mmo da tio ns o r she lte r po lic ie s. L E As c a nno t re q uire a dult c a re ta ke rs to o b ta in g ua rdia nship o f a n una c c o mpa nie d yo uth. L iaiso n c a n a ssist with e nro llme nt. 4
13 Unac c ompanie d Minor s: Rights E nro llme nt witho ut pro o f o f g ua rdia nship Assista nc e fro m the lo c a l liaiso n in o se le c ting a sc ho o l o f a tte nda nc e a nd e nro lling o re c e iving tra nspo rta tio n to the sc ho o l o f o rig in o re so lving a ny dispute s tha t a rise Ca n initia te the dispute re so lutio n pro c e ss fo r himse lf/ he rse lf Stude nt re c e ive s writte n no tic e in dispute s ha ve the Una c c ompa nie d youth a g e 14 a nd ove r rig ht to a c c e ss a nd c o nse nt to disc lo se the ir sc ho o l re c o rds and e xte nds the se rights to all c a re give rs. E lig ib le fo r Ca lF re sh thro ug h the c o unty we lfa re a g e nc y – no minimum a g e re q uire me nt. L o s Ang e le s Co unty Offic e o f E duc a tio n, 2015 Sc hool Se le c tion Unde r the la w, a stude nt is e lig ib le to : o Co ntinue a t the ir Sc hool of Origin (the sc ho o l a tte nde d whe n pe rma ne ntly ho use d o r the sc ho o l in whic h the y we re la st e nro lle d) fo r the dura tio n o f ho me le ssne ss; OR o E nro ll in a ny pub lic sc ho o l tha t stude nts living in the sa me a tte nda nc e a re a a re e lig ib le to a tte nd ( Sc hool of Re side nc e ) Onc e the stude nt is pe rma ne ntly ho use d, he / she ma y re ma in a t the sc ho o l o f o rig in until the e nd o f the sc ho o l ye a r. Ho me le ss stude nts ha ve the rig ht to a tte nd the ne xt ma tric ula ting sc ho o l (e le me nta ry to middle , middle to hig h sc ho o l). Sa me a tte nda nc e pa tte rn a s the ir ho use d pe e rs. E qual Ac c e ss F or All F re e a nd Re duc e d L unc h Gifte d a nd T a le nte d Spe c ia l E duc a tio n Be fo re a nd Afte r Sc ho o l Pro g ra ms Sta te Pre sc ho o l & He a d Sta rt Pro g ra ms T uto ring Pa rtic ipa tio n in spo rts (inc l. re side nc y re q uire me nts) Ope n E nro llme nt I nte r-distric t a nd I ntra -distric t tra nsfe r pe rmits 5
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