Wild Horse Solar Photovoltaic Project Steven J. St.Clair Manager – Renewable Assets Phone: 425-462-3057 Email: steven.stclair@pse.com November 19, 2009
Agenda � Introduction � PSE Renewable Energy Facilities � Wild Horse Solar Facility � Considerations � Request for Proposals � Evaluation � Construction � Performance � Solar Advisor Model Studies � Conclusions 2
PSE, a Washington Company � State’s oldest and largest utility � 1 million electric customers � More than 700,000 natural gas customers � Service territory stretches across 11 counties � Subsidary of Puget Energy (NYSE:PSD) � 2-3% customer growth annually 3
Hopkins Ridge Wind Project Key Dates: � Letter of Intent Oct 29, 2004 � PSE Board Approval Jan 11, 2005 � Closing / Notice to Proceed Mar 11, 2005 � Commercial Operations Date Nov 22, 2005 Project Site � Developed by Renewable Energy Systems � All-in cost of $200 million � 157 MW � 35% capacity factor � Vestas Turbines 1.8 MW Capacity � 220 feet tall at hub � 320 feet to tip of blade � 4
Wild Horse Wind Project � Developed by Horizon Wind ≈ 11 miles east of Ellensburg in Kittitas � County, Washington � Shrub steppe habitat - primarily grazing land ≈ 8-mile 230kV transmission line to PSE IP � Line at new Wind Ridge Substation � 229 + 44 = 273 MW Project Site � Private land owned by PSE ≈ 5,400 acres ( ≈ 87 WTGs) � ≈ 1,280 acres (site access) � � State land leased by PSE DNR ≈ 2,560 acres ( ≈ 31 WTGs) � WDFW ≈ 640 acres ( ≈ 9 WTGs) � � Five (5) transmission leases � All-in cost of $380 million � Commercial Operation Dec 22, 2006 5
Why Build a Solar Project? � To develop the Solar industry in Washington and the Pacific Northwest � Triple the size of next largest NW solar project � Grow Washington solar manufacturing capability � Room for another 500 kW � To understand how well solar works in our region and at a wind farm � Nation’s first utility scale wind-solar project � Study power profile differences � Educate the State and region about solar energy � Double I-937 credit 6
7 US Photovoltaic Solar Resource
Wild Horse Solar Project Quarry Site – 90% of the panels. Already disturbed land. Wild Horse Wind Farm – Visitor’s Center Site – 10% of the panels 127 Turbines 8
Benefits of Wild Horse Site � Great solar resource � Same sun as Houston � Synergies with wind farm � Owned land � Existing transmission � Personnel already at site � Potential synergy with future wind farms � Good access for educational purposes � Reduce/Backup station service loads � Room for another 500 kW 9
Wild Horse Solar RFP � Released December 2006 � Unrestricted bid list � Extensive technical specifications � Requested flat PV, concentrating, and thermal systems � 500 kW with option for an additional 500 kW � Required 5-year warranty on system and 25-year on PV modules � Received 12 conforming proposals and evaluated on basis of cost, performance, design maturity, and supplier experience Download: http://www.pse.com/energyEnvironment/ energysupply/Pages/solarRFP.aspx 10
Project Overview � 500 kW solar facility (300 homes when the sun is shining) � Interconnected to the 34.5 kV wind collection system � $4.3 million in capital cost � Selected photovoltaic solar technology � ~ 5 acre footprint 2007 Dec Jan Feb M ar Apr M ay Jun Jul Aug Sep O ct Nov Dec RFP & Bidding Evaluation Selection (If Any) & Negotiations Design & Procurement Construction Substantial Completion Final Completion 11
12 Basic System Layout
Commercial Solar Modules Silicon Energy 170 Watts per module � Convert solar light energy to (50 kW total) DC electrical energy � Poly-Crystalline � Textured cell surface to increase light capture � Sharp uses anodized aluminum frame for strength � Silicon Energy uses glass composite construction � Over 12% efficiency � -40°F to 190°F operating Sharp USA temperature range 187 Watts per module (450 kW total) 13
Panel Interconnection Architecture � Strings of 14 modules make a Panel I nterconnection circuit, ~ 600 VDC � Circuits joined in combiner boxes and feed to inverter � Inverter converts DC power to AC power � Voltage increased to 34.5 kV at padmount utility transformer � Interconnect to wind turbine electrical collection system 14
Satcon 50 kW and 500 kW Inverters � Controls all functions of solar electric system � Extracts power from PV array at most efficient point (Maximum Power Point Tracking) � Converts power from direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) � Monitors the utility grid & disconnects if out of acceptable Voltage or Frequency range � Provides production data stream to plant data acquisition system 15
Wild Horse Solar Project 500 kW, Washington, Phase I - October 2007 The array foundation is almost complete 16
17 Wild Horse Solar Project Setting panels in place
18 Wild Horse Solar Project The First Array at 95% complete
19 Wild Horse Solar Project The First Array
20 Wild Horse Solar Project Aerial view of quarry site
21 Wild Horse Solar Project
Wild Horse Solar Performance http://siteapp.fatspaniel.net/siteapp/detailView.jsf?eid=72046 22
Predicted vs. Actual Generation Wild Horse Solar Performance 100,000 90,000 80,000 Energy (kWh) 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 7 8 8 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - b b t r g t r n g t c n c p p c c c e u e u e u e u O O O A A F F D J A D J A Actual Expected 23
Is Solar Cost-Competitive? � Solar is currently much like wind was in the 1990s � Positions PSE and our customers as solar becomes more cost-competitive � Assist growth of the in-state solar manufacturing industry Generates less than 1 / 7 of one wind � turbine 24
25 NREL: Solar Advisor Model
NREL: Solar Advisor Model � Easy to Use interface with detailed analysis capabilities � Model performance, costs and financing consistently across technologies for appropriate comparisons. � Concentrating solar power (CSP) � Photovoltaics (PV) � Implementation of best performance models (Sandia PV module, NREL parabolic trough model, Sandia Inverter, 5-Parameter PV module via UW-Madison and CEC) � Siting Tool (especially with detailed Google-Maps solar satellite data � Policy, Markets and Technology Analysis 26
27 Solar Module Modeling
Capital Cost Modeling � Adjusts with varying plant size � Cost variables change with different markets Residential � Commercial (Owned, 3 rd Party Owner) � Utility (IOU, IPP) � � Relatively High Level � Able to link to complex cost model spreadsheets in Excel Send variables from SAM to � Excel Capture “named ranges” from � Excel back into SAM Excel linkage works with � parametric runs 28
Solar Advisor Model � Models solar performance, cost, finance, and incentives � Performance models for PV, thermal trough, and concentrating PV � Includes tracking and fixed systems � Models for residential, commercial, & utility applications Download: www.nrel.gov/analysis/sam/download.html 29
Annual Energy Production Expected Energy The "12x24" expected energy should be made at a "P50" confidence level for the average lifetime output 31 28 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0:00 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1:00 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2:00 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3:00 - - - - - - - - - - - - 4:00 - - - - - 0.0 0.0 - - - - - 5:00 - - - 0.0 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.0 - - - - 6:00 - - 0.2 11.2 42.3 47.5 28.3 10.0 4.0 0.4 - - 7:00 0.0 3.2 49.1 94.5 121.0 125.3 119.5 110.4 97.1 63.1 9.2 0.0 29.9 68.8 139.8 168.5 193.2 201.5 199.4 194.2 184.5 140.1 64.2 29.3 8:00 9:00 93.8 150.8 202.6 219.5 245.6 256.5 249.5 256.1 246.2 215.0 123.3 83.9 10:00 135.7 196.2 250.9 261.2 277.1 293.0 295.4 296.8 290.9 250.6 150.3 120.3 11:00 152.4 228.6 275.1 280.7 288.8 311.0 311.7 317.3 300.5 261.1 163.9 150.7 12:00 150.1 228.4 272.2 267.9 295.0 293.2 315.9 314.1 307.8 261.7 156.3 146.1 13:00 140.6 209.0 255.1 250.4 273.6 285.8 298.1 286.5 282.3 223.2 126.7 139.4 110.2 165.7 219.9 212.0 241.9 253.7 258.6 245.4 228.9 171.2 81.2 99.7 14:00 15:00 50.6 102.4 156.6 151.8 180.7 186.8 199.7 185.5 167.3 100.6 32.0 40.9 16:00 4.4 33.2 78.5 86.5 112.3 125.0 133.2 114.4 80.6 25.5 0.2 0.0 17:00 - 0.0 2.6 11.4 39.4 51.5 55.2 32.2 2.8 0.0 - - 18:00 - - - 0.0 0.4 1.3 0.8 0.1 - - - - 19:00 - - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - - - 20:00 - - - - - - - - - - - - 21:00 - - - - - - - - - - - - 22:00 - - - - - - - - - - - - 23:00 - - - - - - - - - - - - 30
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