Welcome to Presentation on Date Palm (Saudi Khajur) Cultivation in - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Welcome to Presentation on Date Palm (Saudi Khajur) Cultivation in Bangladesh Krishibid Md. Niamul Kabir Senior Program Officer (Agri.) MFP, DAM December 28,2014 DAM MFP

History of Date Palm(Saudi Khajur)  Dates are also mentioned more than 20 times in the Qur’an and 50 times in the Bible  Date palm is one of the oldest cultivated plant(Lee,1963,Riad 2006)  May even have been cultivated as early as 5000 B.C.(Popenoe,1924)  Dates have been cultivated since ancient times, probably as early as 6000 BC. DAM MFP

History of Date Palm(Saudi Khajur)  Date palm were one of the first plants cultivated by man  The first written records of date palm being grown and harvested are from about 5000 years ago in ancient Mesopotamia (current day Iraq) along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers  Date palms were also used 6000 years ago near Ur in southern Iraq in the construction of the temple of the moon god DAM MFP

Geographical Distribution  Old World (Near East and North Africa  New World (American Continent)  Distribution according to Latitude:  date palm distribution are between 10 ° N (Somalia) and 39 ° N (Elche/Spain or Turkmenistan)  Distribution according to Altitude:392 m below sea level to 1500 m above with an altitude range of 1892 m  Number of date palms in the world: # date palms 100 million, 30 Countries and production 2.5-5.0 MT fruit per year/Country DAM MFP

Geographical Distribution (Cont.) Old World and New World diff. Countries: Name of Country Name of Country Name of Country Algeria, Bahrein, Somalia, Spain Niger, Pakistan China, Egypt, Sudan, Oman Peru Iraq, Israel, Tunisia, Turkey Qutar Kuwait, U.A.Emirates Cameroon Libya USA, Yemen Gaza, Iran Mexico Mauritania, Saudi Arabia Jordan, Kenya Morocco DAM MFP

Scientific Classification  Kingdom: Plantae  Group: Spadiciflora  Order: Arecales  Family: Arecaceae  Sub-Family: Coryphyoideae  Tribe: Phoeniceae  Genus: Phoenix  Species: Phoenix dactylifera DAM MFP

Varieties of Date Palm More than 3000 varieties all around the world Different Commercially Important date varieties  Bahri  Hayani  Medhjout  Amari  Deglet Nour  Hadrawi  Zahidi (Medjhool,Deglet nour, Barhi) DAM MFP

Varieties Distribution of Date Palm SI. Name of No.of No Country Varieties 01 Iran 400 02 Iraq 370 03 Tunisia 250 04 Morocco 244 05 USA 196 06 Egypt 26 07 Egypt & Sudan 22 DAM MFP

Nutrient Value of Date Palm  The flesh of dates contains 60 to 65 % sugar, about 2.5 % fibre, 2 % protein and less than 2 % each of fat, minerals, and pectin substances.  Date fruits are also a good source of iron, potassium and calcium, with a very low sodium and fat content.  In addition, moderate quantities of chlorine, phosphorous, copper, magnesium, silicon and sulphur are also found in the date fruit DAM MFP

Botanical Description of Date Palm Vegetative Organs:  Root System: Pri, Secondary & Tertiary  Trunk (Stem): 1-1.10 m Circumference  Leaves: Normal life 3-7 years  30-140 green leaves/adult date palm  10-30 new green leaves/date palm/year  Leave length 3-8 m (4m average)  Total # leaflet 120-240  Fibre and Spines DAM MFP

Botanical Description of Date Palm (Cont.) Reproductive Organs (Dioecious Plant):  Inflorescences/ Flowers  Fruit:  Weight: 2-60 g  Length: 18-110 mm  Width: 8-32 mm  Color: Yellow to black  Seed DAM MFP

Climatic Requirement of Date Palm  Dates are grow in very hot and dry climates, and are relatively tolerant of salty and alkaline soils  Date palms require a long, intensive hot summer with little rain and very low humidity during the period from pollination to harvest  Dates are widely grown in the arid regions between 15 o N and 35 o N and it survive in a wide temperature up to about 50-60 o C  Date palm can grow from 12.7-27.5 o C and sustaining short periods of frost at temperature as below -5 o C  The ideal temperature for the growth of the date palm, ranges from 21-24 o C  Vegetative stage: 10 o C  Flowering stage: shade temperature more than 18 o C  Fruiting stage: temperature more than 25 o C DAM MFP

Date Palm of Saudi Arabia  Saudi Arabia produces 17% of world’s dates  Around: 1.10 million ton and 157000 ha.  # Date palm trees more than 25 million  160 Famous types Date palm  The world second largest dates producer  Export around 5% dates produce DAM MFP

Date Palm of Madinah Munawarah  World famous & delicious dates produce  Species: # 70 Cultivated Varieties:  Lubna, Marium, Kalmi Mudina  Salabi tamar, Sukhal B Dana  Amari, Barni Mudina  Sugai, Sukri and Ajwa DAM MFP

Top Ten Producers of Date Palm in World Name of Country Production (‘000 MT) Egypt 1470 Iran 1066 Saudi Arabia 1050 Algeria 789 Iraq 650 Pakistan 600 Oman 270 United Arab Emirates 250 Tunisia 190 Libya 170 Source: FAO, 2012 DAM MFP

Scenario of Date Palm in Bangladesh District Upazila Year Mymensingh Bhaluka 2001 Bogra Dunat, Nandigram 2008 Magura Shalikha, Sreepur 2005, 2007 Natore Boraigram 2008 Sherpur Sadar Moulovibazar Kulaura Jhenaidah Horinakunda Feni Rangamati Kaptai 2008-09 DAM MFP

Scenario of Date Palm in Bangladesh Cont.  First Saudi Khajur Farmer Md.Abdul Mutaleb in Bhaluka  Saudi Khajur start:2001  Land:1.5 acres  Seedling Produce: 7000  Fruiting Plant: 35 DAM MFP

Scenario of Date Palm in Bangladesh Cont.  Start Time: 2007  Place: Puragachi, Shalikha, Magura  Farmer: Md. Alauddin Hossain  Land:1.0 acre  Plant No.: 1000 DAM MFP

Scenario of Date Palm in Bangladesh Cont.  Start Time: 2007  Place: Jhenaidah sadar, Horinakunda  Farmer:#48  Land:50 Biga  Plant No.: 300,000  Expected Yield: 10000 MT DAM MFP

Scenario of Date Palm in Bangladesh Cont.  Start Time: 2008-09  Place: Raikhali Agri.Research Institute, Kaptai, Rangamati DAM MFP

Importance of Date Palm  Nutrient Supply  Fibre Food/Fruit  Employment Create  Fallow land use  Hilly land Use  Environmental Hazard Remove  Medicinal Use  Foreign Currency DAM MFP

Benefits of Date Palm  Dates restore health: dates are rich in vitamin A & C, fibre, calcium, iron, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, copper, magnesium and manganese  Unripe dates as fertility foods: To help the conceive  Date flower: Improve the chances of conceiving  Dates during and after pregnancy: dates are rich in potassium, glycine and threonine, activate prolactin, the milk hormone and promote the flow of milk  Cancer and heart disease  Date fruits to provide relieve from:  Sore throat, colds, fever, throat & chest infection  Bronchial asthma, poisonous effect DAM MFP

Date Palm Products Development  Pastry, bakery, confectionery products & beverages  Sandwich spreads, party snacks, salad  Breakfast foods, dietetic baby foods  Sweets & snacks, chocolate, date butter or cream, date jam, ice-cream, date juice, liquid sugar, protein yeast, vinegar, wine, alcohol, organic acids  Animal feed, soil amendments, panel board, industrial raw stock  Traditional use of Date palm products :  Trunk, leaves, reproductive organs  Date palm sap, pharmaceutical use & shade DAM MFP

Scope of Date Palm in Bangladesh  Soil  Climate:  Temperature  Fallow land use  Hilly land use  Roadside and canal DAM MFP

Cultivation Procedure of Date Palm  Land Selection  Land preparation  Seedling Collection  Hole Preparation  Sowing/Planting  Fertilization  Plantation DAM MFP

Cultivation Procedure of Date Palm (Cont.) Inter Cultural Operation:  Mulching  Irrigation  Propagation  Pruning and Thinning  Mature fruit bagging  Harvesting/Fruit Collection DAM MFP

Constraints/Challenges/Problems of date palm cultivation  Low quality palm cultivars  Poor farm management  Pest & disease control  Inadequate IPM Control  Pollination  Pollution  Harvesting DAM MFP

Constraints/Challenges/Problems of date palm cultivation (cont.)  Processing  Marketing  Shortage of national qualified and trained staff & Labour  Insufficient research and development DAM MFP

Different type of dates DAM MFP

Wild date palm in Bangladesh DAM MFP

Thank you for your kind Patience DAM MFP