Virtual Science University 1
Texas TEK B (8) C—Student will identify characteristics of kingdoms including Monerans, Eubacteria, (Archaebacteria) Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals. 2
Biologists have always organized all living organisms into large groups called Kingdoms. For many years, Scientists recognized two forms of life, Prokaryotes Eukaryotes. 3
Eukaryote is an organism that have cells with nuclei, or nucleus Prokaryote is an organism without a nucleus. 4
Today, Biologists group organisms into six kingdoms, based on their similarities Eubacteria and Arachaebacteria were once grouped in the kingdom Monera, which contained all the Prokaryotes. 5
Today after the advances in Bio- Technology, Scientists have gathered data from RNA and DNA Sequencing Monerans have now been divided into two distinct Kingdoms Eubacteria Archaebacteria 6
For many years Scientists recognized two basic forms of life, Prokaryotes Eukaryotes. In 1977, Carl Woese and his colleagues proposed that some prokaryotes are so di fg erent from others that they needed to be divided into their own broad division. 7
Woese and his colleagues based their proposal on comparisons of ribosomal RNA sequences. They concluded that the prokaryotes that make up the kingdom Archaebacteria are more closely related to Eukaryotes than they are to the other Kingdom of Prokaryotes, Eubacteria. 8
In 1996, Scientists made the first comparison between the DNA sequences of Archaebacterium and a Bacterium. In light of the past di fg erences between the two groups of prokaryotes, biologists have adopted a classification system that divides all organism into three super kingdoms or domains: Bacteria Archae Eukarya 9
The oldest of course is Bacteria. This is followed by the Archaebactera and then Domain Eukarya which includes the other Four Kingdoms: Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia 10
The Creative Process 11
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