Virginia Tech NASA USLI CDR Presentation Ishan Arora, Nicholas Corbin, William Dillingham, Valerie Hernley, Joseph Lakkis, Max Reynolds, Angelo Said January 24, 1:30 PM CST
Content ● Mission Overview ● Final Vehicle Design ● Performance ● Recovery ● Safety Procedures ● Test Plans ● Subscale Launch ● Payload ● Key Interfaces ● Requirements Verification 2
Mission Overview Mission Statement: “Our vehicle will reach apogee at 4,500 feet and separate into two independent sections, each of which have both a drogue and main recovery parachute. After landing, the booster section will deploy an autonomous UAV with backup RC that delivers a navigational beacon to a Future Excursion Area.” 3
ConOps 0) Launch 1) Booster/recovery bay separation 2) Main parachute deployment 3) Booster and recovery bay touchdown, payload deployment 4) Navigational Beacon delivery 4
ConOps 0) Launch 1) Booster/recovery bay separation 2) Main parachute deployment 3) Booster and recovery bay touchdown, payload deployment 4) Navigational Beacon delivery 5
ConOps 0) Launch 1) Booster/recovery bay separation 2) Main parachute deployment 3) Booster and recovery bay touchdown, payload deployment 4) Navigational Beacon delivery 6
ConOps 0) Launch 1) Booster/recovery bay separation 2) Main parachute deployment 3) Booster and recovery bay touchdown, payload deployment 4) Navigational Beacon delivery 7
ConOps 0) Launch 1) Booster/recovery bay separation 2) Main parachute deployment 3) Booster and recovery bay touchdown, payload deployment 4) Navigational Beacon delivery 8
Final Vehicle Design 9
Final Vehicle Design: Dimensions 10
Final Vehicle Design: Fin Dimensions 11
Final Vehicle Design: Fin Rail Dimensions 12
Final Vehicle Design: Boat Tail Dimensions 13
Final Vehicle Design: Motor Retainer Dimensions 14
Final Vehicle Design: Key Features Overview and Relative Locations 15
Final Vehicle Design: Key Features Airframe Materials ● Fins: ● Body Tube: ○ Birch plywood composite with ○ Carbon Fiber / Soric LRC fiberglass lamination Foam Laminate ○ External mounting system for easy ○ Wall thickness: 0.14 inches replacement ○ Density: 0.193 oz/in³ ● BlueTube Coupler: ○ Matrix Material: FibreGlast ○ Density: 0.751 oz/in³ System 2000 Epoxy ○ Peak Loading: 1548.9 lbf ○ Peak strength: 3270 lbf ● Nose Cone: ○ COTS; Metal Tipped; Fiberglass; Von - Karman 16
Final Vehicle Design: ARRD Advanced Recovery Release Device (ARRD) 1. Black powder containment area 2. Pin utilized for paracord attachment, held in place by shear pin 3. Mounting plate that will attach to centering ring 4. Final resting area for pin post ignition of black powder charge 5. Pressure relief port 17
Final Vehicle Design: Shock Cord Retainer Outboard Shock Cord Retention System ● Design will incorporate a shock cord “stopper” design ○ Additional sewn loop sits in shock cord guide ○ Then wrapped around metal link that sits on a pin 18
Final Vehicle Design: Final Motor Choice Aerotech K-1000T ● Manufacturer: Aerotech ● Distributor: Animal Motor Works ● Peak Thrust: 1674.0 N ● Burn Time: 2.4 s 19
Final Vehicle Design: Motor Casing 20
Performance 21
Performance: Overall Predictions 22
Performance: Stability ● Static Stability: 2.09 ● Off Rail Stability: 2.13 23
Performance: Thrust-to-Weight Motor Ignition Motor Burnout Average Thrust-to-Weight: 9.1 Ratio 24
Performance: Weight Statement Total Weight: 26.3 lbf Causes of Error/Variability ● Components not being weighed by us (weight from manufacturer) ● Manufacturing error (density/dimension in simulation is not representative of actual unit) * The Recovery Bay weight shown does not include the mass of the nose cone. ** The Nose Cone weight shown includes the added mass for stability purposes. 25
Performance: Kinetic Energy (Cd = 1.5) 26
Performance: Drift ● Drift calculations account for ○ Descent under drogue and main parachute ○ Total mass of Booster Bay and Recovery Bay ○ 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mph wind cases ● 20 mph winds: maximum drift of 2,301 ft. from launch pad 27
Performance: Descent Rates ● Booster Bay Bay & Recovery Bay meet required descent time ● Booster Bay Bay & Recovery Bay also meet max landing energy requirements 28
Recovery 29
Recovery: Hardware 30
Recovery: Hardware Chute Release: ● For Main Deployment ● Multi-unit Redundancy ARRD: ● Custom Build ● Black Powder Energized ● Locking-Pin Mechanism ● Secure Fit to Centering Ring 31
Recovery: Electronics Bay 1. 2000 mAh Battery 2. Adafruit 500 Power Boost Battery Shield 3. Arduino Uno Microcontroller 4. Adafruit Ultimate GPS Logger Shield 5. XBee-Pro 900HP 6. SparkFun XBee Shield 7. Adafruit BMP280 Barometric/Altitude Sensor 8. Adafruit ADXL345 Triple-Axis Accelerometer 1. 8. 7. 4. Booster Bay Electronics 3. 6. 5. 2. 32
Safety Procedures 33
Test Plans and Procedures: Preparation 34
Test Plans and Procedures: Preparation 35
Test Plans and Procedures: Preparation 36
Test Plans and Procedures: Preparation 37
Test Plans and Procedures: Preparation 38
Test Plans and Procedures: Post Launch 39
Test Plans and Procedures: Troubleshooting 40
Test Plans 41
Test Plans: List of Test and Demonstration Plans Vehicle/Recovery: Payload: T1.1 Airframe Compression Testing T2.1 Range of Flight - Battery Limited T1.2 Vehicle Electronics: XBee Communication T2.2 Range of RF Connectivity and Video Transmission T1.3 Vehicle Electronics: GPS Orientation/Placement T2.3 Accuracy and Precision of GPS navigation T1.4 Vehicle Electronics: Test for Interference T2.4 Passive Battery Bleed T1.5 Fin Bending Test T2.5 Shaker Table Test D2.1a Deployment Electronics: Powering on the UAV D1.1 Sub-Scale Separation Demonstration D2.1b Deployment Mechanics: Powering on the UAV D1.2. Sub-Scale Test Flight D2.1c Deployment Mechanics: Payload Cover Flip D1.3 ARRD System Demonstration D2.1d Deployment Software Demonstration D1.4 Vehicle Electronics: XBee/GPS/Altimeter/Accelerometer Data Transfer D2.1e Deployment Demonstration from Booster Bay D1.5 Vehicle Electronics: Cable Cutter E-match Activation D2.2 Beacon Release Electronics - Buzzer Trigger D1.6 Vehicle Electronics: Battery Life D2.3 In-flight Beacon Release Demonstration D1.7 Final Assembly Demonstration D2.4 Manual Override Safety Demonstration D1.8 Full-Scale Separation Demonstration D1.10/2.5 Payload Demonstration Flight D1.9 Vehicle Demonstration Flight D1.10/2.5 Payload Demonstration Flight 42
Test Plans: Example 43
Test Plans: Example 44
Test Plans: Example 45
Subscale Launch 46
Subscale Launch: Overview & Methodology ● Full-scale vehicle scaled down to 2.975 inch outer diameter ● Resource & Budget ● Designed in OpenRocket ● Aerotech G75J Motor 47
Subscale Launch: Results ● Apogee: 1210 ft. ● Successful demonstration of full scale recovery design 48
Subscale Launch: Impact on Design ● Validation of overall concept of operations ● Validation of recovery systems ● Lessons learned: ○ Shock cord length critical ○ Parachute sizing critical ○ Energy upon landing critical ○ Parachute fire retardant critical 49
Payload SADI - Superior Autonomous Delivery Instrument 50
Payload Bay 51
Payload Bay Payload Protection Cover UAV Electronics Black Powder Reservoir Horizontal Retaining Cable Cutters 52
Payload - UAV Overview ● Quadcopter ● Autonomous (GPS) and RC navigation enabled ● Range: 1.4 miles* ● Flight Time: 1.7 minutes ● Weight: 0.51 lb ● Size: 5.20 x 5.49 x 2.58 (inches) ● Nav-Beacon release mechanism ● Microswitch for power-off * Assuming 7 mph wind 53
54
Canopy Properties ● Houses many electronic components ● Clip-in GPS ● Modular and quickly reproducible ● Provides the guides for vertical force retention system ● Optimized shape for propeller clearance Nav Beacon ● Over 1 cubic inch of volume ● Can double to protect battery ● Held by cable cutter until ready for deploy 55
GPS For autonomous travel Receiver For RC back-up VTX and Camera For video feed and reassurance Microswitch For keeping UAV powered off during flight Flight Controller Flight controls, stability, gyroscopic ability and the “brain” of the UAV “OMNIBUS Betaflight F3” 56
Payload: Key Features Navigational Beacon Release ● Video will be used to verify arrival at the FEA ● Transmitter will have auxiliary switch designated to the cube release ● Upon signal, cable cutter will fire and release the cube 57
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