Update for the Policy Group Meeting EM rootstock club Felicidad - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Update for the Policy Group Meeting EM rootstock club Felicidad Fernández Fernández

East Malling Rootstock Club - update • Update on pest and disease screening Update on Marker Assisted Selection test • Discuss set up for next pear trials • • Incorporation of EUFRIN trials to EMRC

Pest and Disease screening 2016 • Canker ( Neonectria ditissima ): – Cut shoot test in growth cabinet for advanced selections – Same genotypes have been grafted and will be planted out in high-inoculum grower sites (AHDB)

Pest and Disease screening 2016 • Canker ( Neonectria ditissima ):

Pest and Disease screening 2016 • Canker ( Neonectria ditissima ):

Pest and Disease screening 2016 • Canker ( Neonectria ditissima ): 5 yrs BBSRC IPA project awarded – starts Jan 2017 – Understand the mechanism of the resistance(s) in scion and rootstock germplasm – Improve characterisation of pathogen (sequencing) – Develop high-throughput screening methods for germplasm – ID new sources of resistance and examine inheritance – Identify molecular markers for MAB

Pest and Disease screening 2016 • Canker (Neonectria ditissima): – Looking at segregations in some rootstocks populations – Separate germination from breeding seed lots Cross Seeds Plant Family Purpose sown potted Female FB resistance Male FB resistance M587 C.G.202 R5 resistant x AR295-6 R5 medium tolerance 98 25 Neonectria ditissima M589 Evereste Ev resistant x C.G.30 R5 resistant 100 77 Neonectria ditissima M597 Evereste Ev resistant x C.G.202 R5 resistant 100 88 Neonectria ditissima M598 Evereste Ev resistant x AR295-6 R5 medium tolerance 100 96 Neonectria ditissima – GH experiement: • Sep – Nov 2016 • 20 seedlings from each cross • Choose possible mapping pop.

Pest and Disease screening 2016 • Phytophthora cactorum : – Tests in seedlings following published method (verify pathogenicity of isolates) Cross Seeds Family Purpose sown Female Male M589 Evereste x C.G.30 200 Phytophthora cactorum – 3 tray inoculated: segregation – 1 tray non inoculated: none dead!

Pest and Disease screening 2016 • Phytophthora cactorum : – Tests in HWC (more inoculum than for seedlings) – HWC randomized in root trainers – Inoculated 14/04/2016 – 15ml of inoculum – ~ 2 x 10 -4 zoospores of P. cactorum – 2/3 isolate 418 & 1/3 of isolate 295

Pest and Disease screening 2016 • Phytophthora cactorum : First observation 26/04 Fourth observation 13/05 Control Control M547-41 M546-110 M545-145 M482-54 M547-41 M546-110 M545-145 M482-54 M549-94 M482-153 M432-217 M482-17 M549-94 M482-153 M432-217 M482-17 M547-72 M482-158 M482-11 AR809-3 M547-72 M482-158 M482-11 AR809-3 AR10-3-9 R104 M432-250 M547-1 AR10-3-9 R104 M432-250 M547-1 M547-8 M482-65 M482-175 B24 M547-8 M482-65 M482-175 B24 REP 1 REP 1 M547-1 M546-110 M545-145 M482-11 M547-1 M546-110 M545-145 M482-11 B24 M549-94 M547-72 M432-217 B24 M549-94 M547-72 M432-217 M547-8 M482-13 M547-41 AR10-3-9 M547-8 M482-13 M547-41 AR10-3-9 R104 M482-175 M482-158 M482-54 R104 M482-175 M482-158 M482-54 M432-250 M482-65 AR809-3 M482-153 M432-250 M482-65 AR809-3 M482-153 REP 2 REP 2 M546-110 M482-158 R104 M547-41 M546-110 M482-158 R104 M547-41 B24 M482-65 M547-1 AR809-3 B24 M482-65 M547-1 AR809-3 M482-13 M432-250 M545-145 M547-8 M482-13 M432-250 M545-145 M547-8 Susceptible in every rep: AR10-3-9 M547-72 M482-175 M432-217 AR10-3-9 M547-72 M482-175 M432-217 M482-54 M482-11 M482-153 M549-94 M482-54 M482-11 M482-153 M549-94 M545-145 REP 3 REP 3 Never showed symptoms: M547-8 M545-145 M482-11 M547-1 M547-8 M545-145 M482-11 M547-1 AR10-3-9 M549-94 R104 M547-72 AR10-3-9 M549-94 R104 M547-72 M547-1 M482-158 M432-250 M482-65 M546-110 M482-158 M432-250 M482-65 M546-110 M547-41 M482-153 M482-175 B24 M547-41 M482-153 M482-175 B24 M432-217 M482-13 M482-54 AR809-3 M432-217 M482-13 M482-54 AR809-3 Higher replication needed Include controls REP 4 REP 4 AR10-3-9 M482-11 M547-8 M482-54 AR10-3-9 M482-11 M547-8 M482-54 SWC might be better and faster ~ seedlings M545-145 M547-72 M432-217 AR809-3 M545-145 M547-72 M432-217 AR809-3 M482-158 M432-250 M482-175 M546-110 M482-158 M432-250 M482-175 M546-110 M482-65 R104 M482-153 M547-1 M482-65 R104 M482-153 M547-1 M547-41 M549-94 B24 M482-13 M547-41 M549-94 B24 M482-13

Pest and Disease screening 2016 • Fire blight (Erwinia amilovora) : – Tested at Wädenswil 14.03.2016 Graft units were moved to greenhouses 25.04.2016 plants were moved to security greenhouse GX; inoculation with E. amylovora 02.05.2016 disease progression measurement I 09.05.2016 disease progression measurement II 17.05.2016 disease progression measurement III 18.05.2016 experiment completed

Pest and Disease screening 2016 • Woolly apple aphid ( Eriosoma lanigerum ): – Inoculation to verify previous years results ongoing – Observation of overwintering colonies on root systems in pots made this year – All to be retested using young cuttings (faster results) – Deselection policy needed!!!

Material and methods • 1,000 seeds of M597 (Evereste x G.C.202) were sown into light compost on 4 th of December 2015 and stored for 14 weeks at 2 o C • 7 th of March moved to the glasshouse for germination at Day Tempe > 18 o C and Night Temp > 15 o C • Part of the seedlings germinated were selected for Fire Blight resistance genes from Evereste (R_E) and from Robusta 5 (R_R5) through G.C.202 • WAA resistance is being evaluated through inoculation – improve markers for R5 res (currently not close enough for pre-selection; 1 marker ~ 5 cM away)

Material and methods

Results MP_Robusta 5 MP_Evereste Retained: Seedling Predicted Plates 1 to 4 – 372 seedlings FEM14 FEM19 FEM47 CHFbE01 CHFbE02 CHFbE08 name Phenotype Total resistant M597_001 R_R5 181 150 209 248 seedlings 294 M597_002 Sus 248 Sus 64 M597_003 Rx2 182 150 209 248 231 248 M597_004 R_E 248 231 248 M597_005 Rx2 182 150 209 248 231 248 Discarded: R_R5 78 M597_007 Rx2 182 150 209 248 231 248 M597_009 R_R5 182 150 208 248 64 susceptible M597_010 R_E 247 231 248 seedlings M597_011 Sus 248 R_E 124 M597_013 R_E 248 231 248 18 failed or M597_014 Rx2 182 150 209 248 231 248 M597_015 R_R5 182 150 209 248 inconclusive M597_017 Rx2 181 150 208 247 231 248 Rx2 88 M597_018 R_R5 181 150 209 248 M597_019 R_R5 181 150 209 248 M597_021 R_E 248 231 248 M597_022 Sus 248 M597_023 R_R5 182 150 209 248 M597_024 R_E 248 231 248 M597_026 Sus 248 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 M597 (Evereste x CG202) A Robusta5 M597_008 M597_016 M597_024 M597_032 M597_040 M597_048 M597_056 M597_064 M597_072 M597_080 M597_087 B M597_001 M597_009 M597_017 M597_025 M597_033 M597_041 M597_049 M597_057 M597_065 M597_073 M597_081 M597_088 C M597_002 M597_010 M597_018 M597_026 M597_034 M597_042 M597_050 M597_058 M597_066 M597_074 M597_082 M597_089 D M597_003 M597_011 M597_019 M597_027 M597_035 M597_043 M597_051 M597_059 M597_067 M597_075 M597_083 M597_090 E M597_004 M597_012 M597_020 M597_028 M597_036 M597_044 M597_052 M597_060 M597_068 M597_076 M597_084 M597_091 F M597_005 M597_013 M597_021 M597_029 M597_037 M597_045 M597_053 M597_061 M597_069 M597_077 M597_085 M597_092 G M597_006 M597_014 M597_022 M597_030 M597_038 M597_046 M597_054 M597_062 M597_070 M597_078 M597_086 M597_093 H M597_007 M597_015 M597_023 M597_031 M597_039 M597_047 M597_055 M597_063 M597_071 M597_079 Evereste CG202 Resistance linked to Robusta 5 and Evereste genes Resistance linked to Robusta 5 gene Resistance linked to Evereste gene Susceptible

Discuss set up for next pear trials • Material for first • Material needed for stage trial second stage trial # for 2013-2015 Potted Selection Genus Selection grafting % rooted up 2016 PQ37-2 10 Quince PQ5-6 0 - 12 1 PQ37-3 10 Quince PQ5-8 N/A PQ37-5 6 Quince PQ5-13 0 - 25 PQ37-7 7 (2y old) Pear PQ34-1 6 - 35 50 PQ37-8 10 Pear PQ34-3 8 - 12 25 PQ38-2 6 Pear PQ34-6 5 - 52 2 PQ39-1 10 Pear PQ35-2 0 - 14 16 PQ39-3 12 Pear PQ35-3 0 - 59 6 PQ39-4 7 PQ39-5 5