UCLAN Earth Day 2008 21 April 2008 martin brown martin.brown@fairsnape.net fairsnape
Context Architecture 2030 Initiative 2010 UK Discussion fairsnape
Rachel Carson sent tremors through American society with the publication of her 1962 book "Silent Spring." "Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." 1987 fairsnape
An Inconvenient Truth Stern Report Economics of Climate Change Inter-government Panel on Climate Change Report fairsnape
2008 - What has changed – why the urgency now? Challenges we face: • peak oil • ecological footprint • global warming • global In-balance fairsnape
peak oil fairsnape
global warming Enough said fairsnape
(6 degC) (1.8 degC) Source: UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change fairsnape (IPCC)
ecological footprint We exceed our ecological footprint: In 2001, the South West residents' ecological footprint was 27.4 million gha (global hectares) or 5.56 gha per person. The earth-share is 1.9 gha per person. How we use and share the one planet we have. fairsnape
contraction & convergence 2050 Per Capita Emissions 6 4 Rest of World India 2 China Annex 1 (non-OECD ) 0 OECD minus USA USA 10Gtc Gross Emissions 5Gtc 2200 1800 1900 2000 2100 fairsnape
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from grey to bright green Tree huggers Reject as much as possible Earth is a balanced system Do as little as is necessary Humans are pests Legislation led Gaianists Accommodationists Cornucopians Eco- Communialists Do nothing now Grass roots Technology later will solve it Because it makes sense Always plenty of resources Community based fairsnape
“Warming of more than 1 0 C above today’s level will make the Earth warmer than it has been in a million years”. Dr. James Hansen, NASA GISS fairsnape
“Business-as-usual, with fossil fuel CO 2 emissions continuing to increase will mean an additional warming of 2 0 C to 3 0 C this century and will make the Earth a di fg erent planet.” Dr. James Hansen, NASA GISS fairsnape
“At 2 0 C to 3 0 C the new equililibrium sea level is approximately 25 meters (80 feet) higher than today. Real world data suggest sea level changes in centuries rather than milenia.” Dr. James Hansen, NASA GISS fairsnape
“Action must be prompt, otherwise CO2- producing infrastructure will be built within a decade that will make it impractical to keep further warming under 1 0 C ”. Dr. James Hansen, NASA GISS fairsnape
“I refer especially to the large number of coal- fired power plants that China, the U.S. and India are planning to build…” Dr. James Hansen, NASA GISS fairsnape
byoblue Coal alone will take us to tipping point (Hansen, NASA) UK coal mine closures enabled UK targets Kingsnorth will prevent UK targets USA / Australia China / India Carbon Capture, coal the green fuel ?? fairsnape
built environment impact 70% world population live in cities Cities require 70% global energy Cities responsible for 80% ecological footprint, and some 45% carbon footprint 70% buildings in 2050 are already built or in construction Two thousand seven may go down as the year that green buildings became cornerstone of global strategies to address global warming State of Green Business 2008 fairsnape
BUILDINGS TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY 25% 27% 48% fairsnape
2030 0 Challenge to rapidly transform the US and global Building Sector from the major contributor of greenhouse gas emissions to a central part of the solution to the global-warming crisis. fairsnape
Today, architecture, planning and building design must rapidly transform. fairsnape
1. New building projects, development and major renovation meet a fossil fuel energy consumption performance standard of 50% of the regional (or country) average for that building type. fairsnape
2. That at a minimum an equal amount of existing building area be renovated to use 50% of the fossil fuel energy they currently consume. fairsnape
3. New Buildings - 50% 2010 – 60% 2015 – 70% 2020 – 80% 2025 – 90% 2030 - Carbon Neutral (no fossil fuel energy to operate) fairsnape
How can we meet the 2030 0 Challenge? fairsnape
design & innovation passive solar heating passive cooling daylighting siting building shape, color and orientation fenestration location, size and shape shading natural ventilation materials / properties building type / density / smart growth pedestrian and transit oriented development landscaping / microclimate fairsnape
add technology solar hot water solar photovoltaics wind microturbines geothermal biomass moveable insulation mechanized shading high efficiency systems & appliances energy management systems fairsnape
purchase green renewable energy wind solar geothermal biomass fairsnape
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Professional Schools 0 Challenge “THE 2010 IMPERATIVE” are you being trained for the world you will inherit ? fairsnape
1. Beginning in 2007: “all projects be designed to engage the environment in a way that dramatically reduces or eliminates the need for fossil fuels” fairsnape
2. By 2010: Achieve complete ecological literacy in professional design education fairsnape
3. By 2010: Achieve a carbon neutral design school • implement sustainable design strategies • generate on-site renewable power • purchase renewable energy fairsnape
a c h i e v i n g 8 0 % r e d u c t i o n fairsnape
uk built environment zeitgeist Code Level 6 Green Build Enviro KPI’s Sustainable Construction Eco-Homes Net Waste Zero Carbon Homes Eco Towns Carbon Neutral Micro generation Eco Build Green Builder of the Year Renewables Social Enterprises Merton Rule fairsnape
route 2 zero Carbon Zero Schools Carbon Zero Bldg Regs Non-Domestics Carbon Zero Homes CODE Mandatory Homes M and S Industry Water Code 3 Carbon Neut Targets Hamps CC – CN Zero Homes +25% 2050 Milestones Waste Requirements Wal-mart 100% Govt Lanc’s CC – 30% Zero Efficiency -44% BREAM Excel 2020 2008 - 2050 Waste Walmart 20% all Responsible Stamp UK Emmis - 60% Carbon BREAM Excel Sourcing Relief 2050 Neut Govt Est British Land Eff Improvement London Emmis 60% DQI Carbon Carbon Neut -25% -60% 2025 Neut Wates Zero Waste Waste EPC New Timber Laws Carbon -50% 2020 Neut 2010 - 2008 2009 2010 2016-2050 2016 fairsnape
Impact – What’s your ripple? Sustainable Equal development opportunities Human Rights Waste Local Community Emissions Local community regeneration community t n e staff m S o Energy use n c o i a r l staff i v Education n impact E customer customer s s Economic employee Life cycles Local suppliers volunteering National community shareholders community value standards Ethnical Wealth trading employment generation fairsnape
Triple Bottom Line John Elkington in 1994 People Planet Purpose Folk, Place, Work, Patrick Geddes 1900 Soil, Soul, Society Satish Kumar 2008 Health, Place, Nature SD Commission 2008 fairsnape
Thanks to a great crash programme in 2010 , a point of self reliance in energy is achieved through a 50% reduction in energy consumption and a massive scaling up of renewables to provide the remaining 50% Rob Hopkins, Transition Handbook fairsnape
In 2014 , the Local Passiv Haus became the standard for all domestic building. Use of local bio materials No space heating input – other than solar and occupants body heat In excess of 80% materials sourced locally Rob Hopkins, Transition Handbook fairsnape
Education in 2008 was woefully adequate, given the scale of tranistion to come. A new ciricumulm was approved in 2012 firmly based on foundations of sustainability and resilience building By 2018 universities were no longer to attract from wide geographical areas, following a rethink, they are now incubator centers for local business and skills Rob Hopkins, Transition Handbook fairsnape
Beyond Zero Energy for ‘free’? Data centers could heat 70,000 homes The energy we waste using bottled water would be enough to power 190,000 homes. Passiv Haus Cement waste fairsnape
“Every time I have done the right thing for the environment I’ve made a profit ” Yvon Chouinard, Let my people surf founder and owner of Patagonia and 1% For The Planet fairsnape
www.architecture2030.org www.2010imperitive.org www.byoblue.org www.fairsnape.wordpress.com fairsnape
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