U.S. Clima Climate R e Reference Netw nce Network (USCRN) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

U.S. Clima Climate R e Reference Netw nce Network (USCRN) - (USCRN) - We Western S Stat ates Wat Water C Council Wo Works rkshop o on Hy Hydr droc oclima limate Obser bserving Sy ving Systems stems

Agenda  Vision and Brief sion and Brief Ov Over ervie view of of the Pr the Prog ogram  Roles les, R Responsibilities sponsibilities, and Pr and Prog ogram Go m Governance rnance  Science Pr Science Prog ogram; Instr m; Instrumenta mentation and T ion and Testing sting  Summary Summary T US R CRN NO NOTE: TE: USCRN is NO USCRN is NOT US CRN Paper on per on USCRN USCRN pub published in lished in April April 2013: 2013: Diamond, H. J., T. R. Karl, M. A. Palecki, C. B. Baker, J. E. Bell, R. D. Leeper, D. R. Easterling, J. H. Lawrimore, T. P. Meyers, M. R. Helfert, G. Goodge, and P. W. Thorne, 2013: U.S. Climate Reference Network after one decade of operations: status and assessment. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , 94 , 489 ‐ 498. doi: 10.1175/BAMS ‐ D ‐ 12 ‐ 00170.1 2

The V e Vision f sion for USCRN r USCRN Sustain a national climate observing network that in the future, w ith the highest degree of confidence, can answ er the follow ing question: How has the climate of the U.S. changed over the past 50 years? 3

NO NOAA AA’s Benc Benchmar mark USA Clima USA Climate Obser e Observing Netw ing Networ ork Designed to answer questions about National Air Temperature, Precipitation, and Soil Temp and Moisture changes with the highest confidence • Siting: • 114 CONUS and ultimately 29 Alaskan stations at pristine sites; shouldn’t change in >50 years • Instruments: • Triple configuration air temperature and precipitation sensors; and soil measurements • Real time data and equipment monitoring • Surface observations every 5 ‐ minutes • Hourly transmission via GOES Standards • Meets GCOS Climate Monitoring Principles ‐ • http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/gcos/index.php? name=ClimateMonitoringPrinciples • Follows NIST calibration standards • Science Performance Measures • Explain temp (98%) and precip (95%) variance 4

USCRN Attempts to modernize COOP Cooperative Observer Program Network & U.S. Historical Climatology Network Subset U.S. Signal Corps Smithsonian Network U.S. Army Forts Diaries, logs 1800 1900 2000 5

Pr Prog ogram Ov m Over ervie view – – Sta tation Pr tion Prof ofile ile  Total Oper tal Operational Sta ional Stations: ions: 128 (plus 4) 128 (plus 4)  114 sta 114 stations installed a ions installed at 107 sites in the CONUS 107 sites in the CONUS  7 sta 7 stations ions ar are dual sites e dual sites  Last sta Last station w ion was commissioned in 2009 s commissioned in 2009  14 sta 14 stations installed in Alask ions installed in Alaska (12 commissioned) (12 commissioned)  4 sta 4 stations ions installed fr installed from 2002-05 as test sites om 2002-05 as test sites  10 sta 10 stations installed since 2009 ions installed since 2009  Four additional sta ur additional stations ions  2 in Ha 2 in Hawaii (Mauna Loa and Hilo) ii (Mauna Loa and Hilo)  1 in Ontario 1 in Ontario, Canada – Canada – bila ilater teral test sta l test station ion  1 in T 1 in Tiksi, R i, Russia – ssia – from IPY bila m IPY bilater teral a l agreement (U ement (U.S .S. . GCOS-funded) GCOS-funded)  Plus NCAR’ Plus NCAR’s Mar s Marshall T hall Test F st Facility (Boulder acility (Boulder, CO) , CO) 6

Pr Prog ogram Ov m Over ervie view – Sta Station Pr ion Prof ofile ile  Three sta e stations planned f ions planned for installa r installation in Alask tion in Alaska during during the summer 2014 b the summer 2014 building season ( ilding season (one one down tw down two to g o to go)  Plan is to install an additional Plan is to install an additional 13 sta 13 stations in Alask ions in Alaska fr from om 2015-2022 – fully popula 2015-2022 – ully populates the def tes the defined 29 sta ned 29 station g ion grid id  NIDIS Soil and R NIDIS Soil and Rela lativ tive Humidity Sensor Humidity Sensors  Installed a Installed at all CONUS sites fr all CONUS sites from 2009-11 om 2009-11  Installed a Installed at one sta one station in Alask ion in Alaska - - Kenai enai  Plan is to insta Plan is to install a l at other sites as w other sites as we g gain e in experie perience ce with unique permafrost en with unique permafr st envir vironment acr onment across Alask oss Alaska; ; ma may r y requir quire a dif e a differ erent k ent kind of nd of soil sensor soil sensor  Budg Budgets f ets for USCRN come fr r USCRN come from NO om NOAA/O AA/OAR’ AR’s Clima Climate e Prog Pr ogram Of m Office [inc ce [including the NIDIS Pr luding the NIDIS Prog ogram Of m Office - ce - soil oil sensor sensors]; Pr s]; Prog ogram e m executed b ecuted by NCDC and A NCDC and ATDD DD  PPA: Re Regional C Climat ate D Data a and I Informat ation [PPA stands f [PP stands for Pr r Prog ogram, Pr m, Project, and Activity] oject, and Activity] 7

Pr Prog ogram Ov m Over ervie view - - Alask laska Site Selection a Site Selection  Goal is Goal is to to install 29 T install 29 Total Sites in tal Sites in Alask Alaska b by 2022; pending funding w 2022; pending funding we ha have 3 additional 3 additional sites (total of sites (total of 32) 32) tha that w would ould be g be good to consider ood to consider.  To do do this w this we need g need good sta ood stable sites tha le sites that ar are  Repr presenta esentativ tive of of the v the various c rious clima limate r te regimes acr gimes across AK; oss AK;  Adequa Adequatel tely co cover a r a grid spacing in id spacing in Alask Alaska to to best best measur measure e temper temperatur ture and and pr preci ecipita itation acr ion across the oss the sta state; te;  Pr Practica actical to l to install install; and and  Af Affordable to le to maintain and maintain and oper operate te.  Not Not an an easy task; and in easy task; and involv lves a y es a year ear-long pr -long process of ocess of  Sur Surveying ing sites in the summer sites in the summer;  Ev Evalua aluating ting sites in the f sites in the fall ll;  Pr Preparing selection pa aring selection paperw perwor ork and site license pa k and site license paperw perwor ork during k during the fall the f ll and winter and winter; ;  Pr Procuring and ocuring and shipping equipment in shipping equipment in the the spring; and spring; and  Installing ne Installing new sta w station(s) in the f ion(s) in the following summer llowing summer.

Currently Installed Sites: 13 Future Grid Sites to Survey: 8 Sites Approved not Installed: 8 2014 Planned Installations: 3 Total Sites: 32 June 2014

Pr Prog ogram Ov m Over ervie view – – Sensor ensors  Primary Measur Primary Measurements (triple r ements (triple redundanc dundancy)  Air T Air Temper mperatur ture ( e (pla latin tinum r m resistance t sistance thermometer rmometers) s)  Pr Precipita ecipitation (3-wir tion (3-wire w weighing g ighing gaug uge) e)  Soil Moistur Soil Moisture and T and Temper mperatur ure e  NIDIS Soil and R NIDIS Soil and Rela lativ tive Humidity Sensor Humidity Sensors  Installed a Installed at all CONUS sites fr all CONUS sites from 2009-11 om 2009-11  Installed a Installed at one sta one station in Alask ion in Alaska  Triple r iple redundanc dundancy a at 5,10,20,50, and 100 cm – 5,10,20,50, and 100 cm – standard WMO soil de standar WMO soil depth le pth levels ls 10

Pr Prog ogram Ov m Over ervie view – – Sensor ensors  Ancillary Measur Ancillary Measurements (no r ements (no redundanc dundancy)  Surf Surface infr ace infrar ared r ed radia diation ion  Solar r Solar radia diation ion  1.5m anemometer (not WMO standar 1.5m anemometer (not WMO standard f for wind) r wind)  Wetness sensor and R tness sensor and Rela lativ tive humidity sensor humidity sensor Typical soil sensor installation 11

Roles and R les and Responsibilities sponsibilities  NCDC (F NCDC (Feder ederal) al)  Ov Over erall Pr all Program Mana m Manager – r – H. Diamo . Diamond  Science Pr Science Project Mana oject Manager – r – M. . Palec lecki  Da Data Mana ta Managemen ment and Monito and Monitoring – ring – J. La . Lawrimo wrimore  Finance – nance – L. Cholid/J . Cholid/J. McGill . McGill  NCDC (Contr NCDC (Contract) – ct) – Feder ederal T al Task Mana sk Manager – r – J. La . Lawrimor wrimore e  Da Data ing ta ingest and W st and Web – b – S. Emb . Embler er  Monitoring and Science Assistance: N Monitoring and Science Assistance: N. Case Casey  Site licensing; AK sur Site licensing; AK surveys; & s; & metada metadata – ta – R. Bilotta and K. . Bilotta and K. Thomas homas  OAR’ R’s Air T s Air Turb rbulence and Dif ulence and Diffusion Division [A usion Division [ATDD] (F TDD] (Feder ederal) al)  Mana Managemen ment – – B. Bak . Baker  Testbed o stbed over ersight and sensor testing – sight and sensor testing – T. Me . Meyers  Science – Science – J. . Kochendorf endorfer er  Budg Budget and F et and Finance – nance – B. . Shif Shifflett ett