TRENDS AND POLICIES OF ARCHITECTURE IN THE AFRICAN BUILT ENVIRONMENT - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRENDS AND POLICIES OF ARCHITECTURE IN THE AFRICAN BUILT ENVIRONMENT Athens, Greece 7 th -9 th November 2018

Highlights Outline of presentation 3.3 “Normalization” 1. Africa in Context 3. 4 Infrastructure. 1.1 Map 3.5 Public Participation 1.2 Cultural Context 3.6 Regional Economic Blocks 1.3 Population Outline 2. Defining Characteristics 4. Policies 4.1 Environmental 2.1 Governance Systems 4.2 Construction 2.2 Education Systems 4.3 Local Authority 2.3 Practice environment 5. Major Trends & Projects. 3. Trends 5.1 Kibera Settlement 3.1 Urbanization 5.2 Selected Major Projects. 6. Conclusion 3.2 Environmental sensitivity. 6.1 Looking forward

Context 1.0 AFRICA IN CONTEXT 1.1 CULTURAL CONTEXT Languages Village Clusters National Borders (scramble for Africa). Cross Border cultures.

Population 1.2 POPULATION OUTLINE Other Continents Africa Population China – 2 Billion One Billion People India – 1.5 Billion Third to China and India Europe By Geographical Region North America North Africa - 25% South America Southern Africa - 15% Rest of the World Eastern Africa - 15% Comprises – 3 billion. Western Africa - 35% TOTAL 7.5 Billion Central Africa - 10%

Characteristics for trends/policies 2.0 CHARACTERISTICS 2.2 Education systems DEFINING TRENDS & POLICIES (Architecture) 2.1 Governance Systems. 5-year system common. Based on independence structures. 6-year system DEMOCRACY KINGDOMS Accreditation by AUTOCRACY international bodies. UIA Systems determined mainly by CAA language and from colonial masters. Francophone AUA working towards an Anglophone accreditation system. Arabic Portuguese

Characteristics 2.3. Practice Environment Similar Characteristics Comprises B. PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS A. NATIONAL Influence policy. REGISTRATION BOARDS These conduct post graduation induction and Each level has entry requirements and examinations. disciplinary mechanisms.

Trends 3.0 TRENDS 3.1 Rapid Urbanization. 3.4 Infrastructure Growth Heightened demand for housing New focus on infrastructure: and other support services Road, rail, air and sea. (health, education, energy, sanitation). 3.5 Public Participation in policy formulation. Poor public transport systems. Lobbying. 3.2 Environmental awareness and sensitivity. 3.6 Regional Blocks (economic partners). Plastic bags banned in Rwanda and Kenya. East Africa Community 3.3 “Resetting the normal.” ECOWAS Demolition of structures that SADEC encroach on riparian and public COMESA land (Kenya).

Policies 4.0 POLICIES 4.3 Local Authority Guidelines 4.1 Environmental policy. Regulate density of development. Regulate environmental issues. Mainly in urban centres. Poor enforcement. Quality issues have not been fully addressed. Facades not part of approval 4.2 Construction policy. process. Regulate contractors 4.4 Professional Stratification. Infrastructure an Engineers Architects not fully involved at docket. Local authority for approval. Quality and cost control Planning lacks multisectoral input. issues. (Macro to micro).

Major Trends 5.0 MAJOR TRENDS Kibera Settlement 5.1 Kibera Settlement Population: Between 750,000 and One Million people. Size: 2.5 Km2

Major (Selected) Projects 5.0 MAJOR PROJECTS Challenges: 5.2 Standard Gauge Railway Lack of steady power supply (SGR)- Kenya inhibited high speed electric train that would maximize benefits. Phase 1: (Complete) 500 km Connecting port city of Funding challenges for Phase 2 Mombasa to Capital city of Nairobi. Social and commercial disputes Reduced travel time for cargo between international (Chinese) and passengers. contractors and locals. Phase 2: Underway Process of changing habits and Connecting Capital City to customs leading to inefficiency. border towns of Malaba.

Major (Selected) Projects 5.0 MAJOR PROJECTS 5.3 LAPSSET Project – (Kenya, Ethiopia & South Sudan) - Underway Challenges: It’s a regional project thus lack of ownership. A new road corridor linking Kenya, Ethiopia and South Sudan starting from Port City of Lamu. Regional stability a factor. Approx. 1,400km in total. New towns and Cities Slow or inadequate funding from Partner states. Lamu Port Part of LAPSSET Commercial disputes between local and foreign firms. Three births of port at Lamu scheduled for completion in 2019

LAPSSET *

Major (Selected) Projects 5.0 MAJOR PROJECTS Challenges: 5.4 Kigali Convention Centre, Rwanda Foreign exchange based project. (Completed 2016). Marketing for optimization. A new 20,000sm2 development comprising: Main Strengths & successes. Exhibition and Conference facilities for Government support. 4,000pax, 2,000sm2 kitchen space and Showcase of a successful 192 room 5-star hotel. International consortium. International suppliers. Key Objectives: Contractor – Turkish Set up Rwanda as a major conference MEP – South Africa destination worldwide in line with it’s MICE strategy. Structural/ Civil – Eqypt (Destination for Meeting, Incentives, Project Management – Rwanda/Kenya Conferences and Exhibitions). Architectural - Germany Example: FIFA Conference, 2018

Conclusion and recommendations 6.1 CONCLUSION 6.2 LOOKING FORWARD Balancing development needs and Multi disciplinary and multi sectoral environmental sustainability is an approaches in the Built Environment, important and key decision. Construction Industry and Real Estate sectors important to manage the impact of mega trends, both positive and negative. Requires critical analysis and sensitivity with all hands on the deck. Exclusivity or stratification of key professionals or This forum is an important one with its stakeholders would lead to devastating multidisciplinary participation. results.

Thank you ! Mohammed Munyanya UIA VP, Region V m.munyanya@uia-architectes.org mohammedmunyanya@yahoo.com