Today ! • What is our class “ The Art, Science and Algorithms of The Art, Science and Algorithms Photography ”? ! • Course Overview !! of Photography ! – Criteria & Requirements ! – Wednesday discuss critiques and presentations and flickr group setup ! CSCI 4900/6900 ! • Thursday Camera and Limitations ! Maria Hybinette ! 1 ! Maria Hybinette ! 2 ! Maria Hybinette ! Where are the Algorithms? ! History-Science-Art of ‘Photography’ ! • Mathematicians, scientists (or artists • Using ‘computations’ to create an image. ! deeply scientifically motivated) have been • Using ‘computations’ to extend the hardware ! the key pushers of the advancement of the ‘art’ of photography ! – On camera ! – We will discuss ‘art’ later in the course. ! – Off-camera ! • Idea has been around about the 4 th -5 th Century B.C. ! – Mo-Ti “the collecting plate”, “locked treasure room”; Aristotle; Euclid’s ‘Optica’ talked about pinhole camera, or the camera obscura ) ! !"#$%%&'()*+*#&,*-(./0%)*+*%1*23./45.65#!.3.0/-#!47 !"#$%%)))(8.9.:2;</-(;.8%8.95-:.<3(!38=7 >-8&/-7?7@-<=3&,7/..87 A:2;</-7?7B-/+7 >-8&/-7A:2;</-7?7B-/+/..87 3 ! Maria Hybinette ! 4 ! Maria Hybinette ! Camera Obscura (pinhole camera) ! • Abu Ali al-Haytham, mathematician (around 1000 AD) ! ! Lights streams of particles travel in straight lines ! • Johannes Kepler (“ Astronomiae Pars Optica” (1604)) ! ! Corrected theory on how camera obscura operated ! ! Inverse square laws of light ! ! Astronomical laws ! ! Human optics ! !"#$%%&'()*+*#&,*-(./0%)*+*%C.!-''&25D&#=&/7 !"#$%%-/32(E/-'+(./0%#-0&2%FGHI%>-8&/-J.:2;</-(!38=7 ! Later “ Dioptrice “1611- telescope ! 5 ! Maria Hybinette ! 6 ! Maria Hybinette !
Other (Drawing) Mechanisms ! Time Line (more details on this later) ! Reproducible, Collodion Process ! First photograph, heliography ! First portrait, daguerreotype ! calotype ! Ambrotype ! 1820- 1826 ! 1832 ! 1839 ! 1840 ! 1850 ! Scott Archer, ! a-)7.67N7#37 V=:&/9]277 V=:&/9]277 Bd/&/e27 K*=!.<&"&7 >-8&/-7a<;*,-7 Gustave Le Gray ! R&/2#&;9S&7 ^V/923]27 ^[/*,_7./77 R&/2#&;3.0/-#!7 L-;!*'&M7 Y*==*-8714,&7 Scott Fry ! [*=:&/9M7 [=-22_7 ^@&*=_7 NGHGJNGcP7 NOPQ7 Y.==-23.'7 James Ambrose ! b/<'&==&2;!*7 N`GQ7 N`GQ7 NPQO7 N`NcJN`HG7 TD&#=&/7W'2#*/&,U7 Nicéphore Niépce ! Hercules ! Louis Daguerre ! Henry Talbot ! (1765-1833) ! Florence ! (1785-1851) ! (1785-1851) ! • silver halide on polished metal ! • bitumen on pewter plate ! • Reproducible from negative ! • no negative (i.e., no copies) ! • Photographie ! • 8-hour exposure ! • 30 second exposure ! !"#$%%&'()*+*#&,*-(./0%)*+*%R&/2#&;9S&5T0/-#!*;-=U7 >-8&/-7?7@-<=3&,7/..87 • tone reversal unless lit carefully ! a<;*,-?7a*0!3&,M7a*3M7K!*'*'07 • 65 second exposure (5-8 seconds) ! !"#$%%)))(-;8*('&3(-<%VW>%BXVYWZ[5LV>1WZ\K(!38=7 >-8&/-7a<;*,-?7a*0!3&,7/..87 • Mercury poisoning ! 7 ! Maria Hybinette ! 8 ! Maria Hybinette ! Daguerreotype ! Limitations of Photography ! • Blur, camera shake, noise, damage ! B-0<&//&.34#&7>-2&7 !"#$%%)))(;2(<';(&,<%f=-g&:'*+%/&2&-/;!%6-==QP%7 9 ! Maria Hybinette ! 10 ! Maria Hybinette ! Limitations of Photography ! Limitations of Photography ! • Limited Resolution ! • Bad color / monochromatic ! !"#$%%=&-/'*'0,2=/(;.8%HQNQ%NQ%;.=.</J3&8#&/-3</&J)!*3&J:-=-';&%7 !"#$%%&'()*+*#&,*-(./0%)*+*%b=-;+J-',J)!*3&7 11 ! Maria Hybinette ! 12 ! Maria Hybinette !
Limitations of Photography ! Limitations of Photography ! • Unwanted objects ! • Limited dynamic range ! !"#$%%)))(0=.2.':=.0(;.8%-,.:&J#!.3.2!.#J!.)J3.J/&8.S&J <')-'3&,J*3&82J6/.8J#!.3.2%7 !"#$%%;#'(;-'.'J&</.#&(;.8%;.'3&'3%&,<;-9.'%3&;!'*;-=% !"#$%%&'()*+*#&,*-(./0%)*+*%1*0!5,4'-8*;5/-'0&5*8-0*'07 #!.3.2!.#5;2c5H(,.7 13 ! Maria Hybinette ! 14 ! Maria Hybinette ! Limitations of Photography ! Course Overview ! • Basic photography (this is how our course differs from other • Single depth of focus ! computational photography courses) ! – History, Artistry & composition ! • Science & mathematics related to image creation ! • Understanding the limitations ! • Image enhancement and correction ! – Including learning photoshop ! • Combining images & maximize usage of a single (RAW) image ! Example Topics: ! – E.g., high dynamic range imaging ! – Stitching panoramas ! – Experiment with cameras and programming ! !"#$%%)))(E-'/*+('&3%*'2&;32%\h3&',&,BAi%a&#K.;Z&)2i*'-=%\BAi5Z&)2a&#K.;5HQQG2<88&/(!387 15 ! Maria Hybinette ! 16 ! Maria Hybinette ! What Camera? ! Accessories ! • SLR, not point and-shoot ! • 50 f/1.8 fast prime for low light (inexpensive) ! – Larger sensor = less noise, especially in low light ! • Tripod ! – Larger aperture = more control over depth of field ! – Sturdy is good, but heavy to carry ! – Manual Control ! • Flash ! – Not important (at least for this class) ! – Bouncing is better, built in flash aimed at subject creates • Megapixels – most cameras have too many ! bad shadows. ! • Brand – any major brand is good enough (some have more selection on lenses for growth – e.g., Nikon, Canon) ! • Budget: >= $500 for SLR + standard zoom + • Lenses ! tripod (see next slide for more details) ! – Variable zooms – avoid (large ranges, 18-300, soft) ! – Maximum aperture matters (lowest f/stop, 2.0) ! L-/;7a&S.47THQNQM7>K7NOPU7 L-/;7a&S.47THQNQM7>K7NOPU7 17 ! Maria Hybinette ! 18 ! Maria Hybinette !
Recommendations ! Software ! • Budget: >= $500 for SLR + standard zoom + • Adobe Photoshop ! • CHDK (free) ! tripod ! • Camera kit: ! • One of: ! – least inexpensive – Canon EOS Rebel XS ($480 with – “Processing” Programming Language ! 18-55mm lens), great for learning. ! – OpenCV ! – Great review site: ! – Python and PIL ! • http://www.imaging-resource.com/WB/WB.HTM? view=dp_slr_consumer (based in Atlanta) ! • 50 mm prime lens (f/1.8 is sufficient) ! L-/;7a&S.47THQNQM7>K7NOPU7 19 ! Maria Hybinette ! 20 ! Maria Hybinette ! Textbook ! Administration and Logistics ! • Wikipedia and on-line resources (required) ! • Who am I? ! • Recommended: ! – Office Boyd 219C ! • Class Location & Time ! – Basic photography book (recommendations see class web page) ! – Hardman 101 ! – 12:30-1:45 T/Th ! – 12:20-1:10 W ! 21 ! Maria Hybinette ! 22 ! Maria Hybinette ! Communication ! Expectations ! • Reading & Listening ! • Web page ! – Wikipedia articles, technical papers, popular press ! • Practice ! – Check often ! • Policies ! – Weekly photographic assignments ! – 3-4 Projects ! – Work independently of project unless specified ! • 1 warm-up project ! • 2-3 Python, Java, Processing (the programming project), CHDK ! – HW, project, deadlines ! • Programming, hope to get Canon loaners (Power Shoot A480) that • Email list for questions and discussion ! we can program firmware on). ! – Final Project (you will propose one) ! – Listserv.uga ! • Test ! • Flickr group to submit projects ! – 2 midterm, 1 final, quizzes ! • No make-ups ! 23 ! Maria Hybinette ! 24 ! Maria Hybinette !
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