The Youth and the MDGs Rafael Osorio, IPC Jose Antonio Mejia, IDB - PDF document

The Youth and the MDGs Rafael Osorio, IPC Jose Antonio Mejia, IDB Eduardo Zepeda, IPC

Disconnected Youths • Youth = Population aged 15- 24 years • Disconnected Youths are those who do not commit at least part of their time to: – Attend school (any kind or level) – Engage in economic activity – Help other members of the household (at work or at home)

0.8 P a r a g u a y [2 0 0 4 ] Disconnected Youths 1.0 B o liv ia [2 0 0 2 ] 1.5 E l S a lv a d o r [2 0 0 4 ] 1.6 M e x ic o [2 0 0 4 ] 2.0 P e r u [2 0 0 3 ] 2.1 E c u a d o r [2 0 0 3 ] 2.5 H o n d u r a s [2 0 0 4 ] 2.6 P a n a m a [2 0 0 4 ] 2.7 B r a s il [ 2 0 0 4 ] 2.9 C o s ta R ic a [2 0 0 4 ] 2.9 R . D o m in ic a n a [ 2 0 0 4 ] 3.3 G u a t e m a la [2 0 0 4 ] 4.1 V e n e z u e la [ 2 0 0 4 ] 4.6 C o lo m b ia [2 0 0 3 ] 6.1 C h ile [2 0 0 3 ] 6.6 N ic a r a g u a [2 0 0 1 ] 6.6 B a h a m a s [2 0 0 1 ] 21.1 H a it i [2 0 0 1 ]

Disconnected Youths - Evolution Brasil Colombia Costa Rica Honduras Mexico R. Dominicana 4.6 4.1 4.0 3.6 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.3 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.2 1992 1995 1999 2004 1997 2003 1989 1995 2000 2004 1990 1995 2002 2004 1992 1996 2000 2004 1995 2000 2004 Venezuela El Salvador Guatemala Nicaragua Panama Peru 9.1 7.1 6.6 6.0 4.7 4.3 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.3 3.3 3.2 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.0 1.5 2001 2004 1991 1995 2000 2004 2000 2004 1993 1998 2001 1997 2001 2003 2004 1995 2000 2003 Chile Ecuador 7.7 6.1 4.8 4.3 2.1 1.1 1992 1996 2000 2003 2001 2003

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 -2.1 0.3 B a h a m a s [2 0 0 1 ] Disconnected Youths – -1.3 0.4 C o lo m b ia [2 0 0 3 ] -1.0 0.7 N ic a r a g u a [2 0 0 1 ] -0.7 0.3 P e r u [2 0 0 3 ] -0.6 0.2 M e x ic o [2 0 0 4 ] urban-rural -0.6 0.4 P a r a g u a y [2 0 0 4 ] -0.4 0.1 B r a s il [2 0 0 4 ] Urban -0.1 0.1 B o liv ia [2 0 0 2 ] 0.0 0.0 E l S a lv a d o r [2 0 0 4 ] -0.1 0.2 P a n a m a [2 0 0 4 ] Rural -0.3 0.3 H o n d u r a s [2 0 0 4 ] -0.2 0.4 E c u a d o r [2 0 0 3 ] -0.5 0.7 C o s ta R ic a [2 0 0 4 ] -0.1 0.8 C h ile [2 0 0 3 ] -0.9 0.8 G u a te m a la [2 0 0 4 ] -0.4 1.2 R .D o m in ic a n a [2 0 0 4 ] -2.3 1.9 H a iti [2 0 0 1 ]

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 Disconnected Youths - -3.0 2.9 H a iti [2 0 0 1 ] -2.1 2.0 G u a te m a la [ 2 0 0 4 ] -1.1 1.2 R . D o m in ic a n a [2 0 0 4 ] -0.9 1.0 P e r u [2 0 0 3 ] -0.1 0.1 E c u a d o r [2 0 0 3 ] -0.1 0.1 P a r a g u a y [2 0 0 4 ] Gender 0.0 N ic a r a g u a [2 0 0 1 ] Male 0.0 H o n d u r a s [2 0 0 4 ] -0.1 0.1 B o liv ia [2 0 0 2 ] -0.2 0.2 C h ile [2 0 0 3 ] Female -0.5 0.6 M e x ic o [2 0 0 4 ] -0.8 0.8 E l S a lv a d o r [2 0 0 4 ] -0.9 0.9 C o s t a R ic a [ 2 0 0 4 ] -1.0 1.0 P a n a m a [ 2 0 0 4 ] -1.1 1.1 V e n e z u e la [2 0 0 4 ] -1.4 1.3 B a h a m a s [2 0 0 1 ] -1.3 1.4 B r a s il [2 0 0 4 ] -1.3 1.5 C o lo m b ia [ 2 0 0 3 ]

0.6 1.2 P a r a g u a y [2 0 0 4 ] Disconnected Youths - 0.5 1.7 B o liv ia [2 0 0 2 ] 1.2 2.0 M e x ic o [2 0 0 4 ] 1.0 2.5 P e r u [2 0 0 3 ] 0.5 2.5 E l S a lv a d o r [2 0 0 4 ] 1.1 3.1 E c u a d o r [2 0 0 3 ] Income 1.5 4.0 B r a s il [2 0 0 4 ] 1.3 4.3 H o n d u r a s [2 0 0 4 ] 0.6 4.4 P a n a m a [ 2 0 0 4 ] 1.5 4.6 G u a te m a la [ 2 0 0 4 ] 1.3 4.9 R . D o m in ic a n a [2 0 0 4 ] 2.8 5.0 V e n e z u e la [2 0 0 4 ] 3.8 5.5 C o lo m b ia [ 2 0 0 3 ] 1.4 6.2 C o s t a R ic a [ 2 0 0 4 ] 4.3 8.3 C h ile [2 0 0 3 ] 5.1 9.9 N ic a r a g u a [2 0 0 1 ] 15.8 1.1 B a h a m a s [2 0 0 1 ] 15.5 27.8 H a iti [2 0 0 1 ]

Disconnected Youths - Income Paraguay 2004 Bolivia 2002 Mexico 2004 Peru 2003 El Salvador 2004 Ecuador 2003 3.1 2.5 2.5 2.9 2.4 2.2 2.5 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.5 QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV Brasil 2004 Honduras 2004 Panama 2004 Guatemala 2004 R.Dominicana 2004 Venezuela 2004 4.9 5.0 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.3 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 0.6 QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV Colombia 2003 Costa Rica 2004 Chile 2003 Nicaragua 2001 Bahamas 2001 Haiti 2001 27.8 23.4 22.2 19.2 15.8 15.5 9.9 8.3 7.0 6.4 6.4 6.2 5.7 5.9 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.1 5.0 5.1 4.8 4.3 4.1 3.8 3.8 3.3 2.8 1.8 1.4 1.1 QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV QI QII QIII QIV QV

Literacy Rate • % of youth with at least 5 completed years of schooling • MDG 2: “achieve universal primary education” TARGET 3: “ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling” • The length of primary schooling in Latin American and Caribbean countries usually falls in the range of six to nine years

99.3 B a h a m a s [ 2 0 0 1 ] 98.7 98.1 J a m a ic a [2 0 0 4 ] C h ile [ 2 0 0 3 ] 95.5 93.7 P a n a m a [2 0 0 4 ] Literacy Rate M e x ic o [ 2 0 0 4 ] 93.6 93.0 92.9 C o s t a R ic a [2 0 0 4 ] V e n e z u e la [ 2 0 0 4 ] P e r u [ 2 0 0 3 ] 92.4 91.3 E c u a d o r [ 2 0 0 3 ] P a r a g u a y [ 2 0 0 4 ] 88.7 88.5 88.1 R . D o m in ic a n a [ 2 0 0 4 ] C o lo m b ia [2 0 0 3 ] B o liv ia [2 0 0 2 ] 85.5 B r a s il [2 0 0 4 ] 80.3 E l S a lv a d o r [ 2 0 0 4 ] 75.3 H o n d u r a s [ 2 0 0 4 ] 69.2 N ic a r a g u a [ 2 0 0 1 ] 62.6 G u a t e m a la [2 0 0 4 ] 58.6 H a iti [ 2 0 0 1 ]

Literacy Rate - Evolution Jamaica Chile Panama Mexico Costa Rica Venezuela 98.5 98.7 97.6 98.0 97.1 97.6 98.1 95.6 94.4 93.8 95.5 92.2 92.1 92.7 93.7 91.6 93.6 92.0 93.0 89.6 90.6 90.6 88.7 88.6 1991 1996 2000 2004 1992 1996 2000 2003 1997 2001 2003 2004 1996 2000 2002 2004 1989 1995 2000 2004 1990 1995 2001 2004 Peru Ecuador Paraguay R.Dominicana Colombia 94.1 91.6 92.9 92.5 92.0 92.4 90.7 91.3 88.7 88.5 87.0 86.3 84.1 84.2 82.4 80.4 1995 2000 2003 1994 1998 2001 2003 1995 2001 2004 1995 2000 2004 1993 1997 2003 Brasil El Salvador Honduras Nicaragua Guatemala 85.5 80.3 77.5 75.1 75.3 72.0 71.5 68.4 69.2 65.5 63.8 61.1 62.8 62.7 62.6 59.4 56.7 1992 1995 1999 2004 1991 1995 2000 2004 1990 1995 2002 2004 1993 1998 2001 2000 2004

-25 -20 -15 -10 10 15 20 25 -5 0 5 Literacy Rate – urban- -21.5 14.7 N ic a r a g u a [2 0 0 1 ] -15.1 -14.5 18.6 H a iti [2 0 0 1 ] 16.5 G u a te m a la [2 0 0 4 ] -12.8 13.1 H o n d u r a s [2 0 0 4 ] -18.2 6.1 C o lo m b ia [2 0 0 3 ] -20.1 3.6 B r a s il [2 0 0 4 ] -13.8 6.7 B o liv ia [2 0 0 2 ] rural Urban -11.4 8.2 E l S a lv a d o r [2 0 0 4 ] -10.4 -10.1 4.6 P e r u [2 0 0 3 ] 3.3 R . D o m in ic a n a [2 0 0 4 ] Rural -6.4 1.9 M e x ic o [2 0 0 4 ] -5.4 2.7 P a n a m a [2 0 0 4 ] -5.3 2.5 E c u a d o r [2 0 0 3 ] -4.5 3.1 P a r a g u a y [2 0 0 4 ] -4.1 2.9 C o s ta R ic a [2 0 0 4 ] -1.9 0.3 C h ile [2 0 0 3 ] -0.1 0.1 J a m a ic a [2 0 0 4 ] -0.1 0.0 B a h a m a s [2 0 0 1 ]

-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 Literacy Rate – Gender -5.6 6.0 G u a t e m a la [2 0 0 4 ] -2.6 2.8 B o liv ia [2 0 0 2 ] -2.2 2.2 H a iti [ 2 0 0 1 ] -2.0 1.9 P e r u [ 2 0 0 3 ] -0.5 0.5 B a h a m a s [ 2 0 0 1 ] -0.2 0.2 P a r a g u a y [ 2 0 0 4 ] M e x ic o [ 2 0 0 4 ] -0.3 0.3 E l S a lv a d o r [ 2 0 0 4 ] Male -0.3 0.3 P a n a m a [2 0 0 4 ] -0.4 0.4 C h ile [ 2 0 0 3 ] -0.5 0.5 Female J a m a ic a [2 0 0 4 ] -0.5 0.6 E c u a d o r [ 2 0 0 3 ] -1.0 1.1 C o s t a R ic a [2 0 0 4 ] -1.3 1.2 C o lo m b ia [2 0 0 3 ] -2.1 2.2 V e n e z u e la [ 2 0 0 4 ] -2.1 2.2 R . D o m in ic a n a [ 2 0 0 4 ] -2.7 2.7 B r a s il [2 0 0 4 ] -2.9 2.7 H o n d u r a s [ 2 0 0 4 ] -4.2 4.2 N ic a r a g u a [ 2 0 0 1 ]

Literacy Rate – Income 100.0 99.6 99.3 99.5 98.4 98.2 96.4 B a h a m a s [2 0 0 1 ] J a m a ic a [2 0 0 4 ] C h ile [2 0 0 3 ] 87.3 P a n a m a [2 0 0 4 ] 87.0 85.6 85.2 97.5 98.5 97.8 96.8 V e n e z u e la [2 0 0 4 ] C o s ta R ic a [2 0 0 4 ] E c u a d o r [2 0 0 3 ] 82.5 P a r a g u a y [2 0 0 4 ] 82.3 82.2 94.8 R . D o m in ic a n a [2 0 0 4 ] 98.9 99.5 M e x ic o [2 0 0 4 ] 77.8 P e r u [2 0 0 3 ] 77.0 97.6 94.9 C o lo m b ia [2 0 0 3 ] 71.5 B o liv ia [2 0 0 2 ] 67.5 98.1 B r a s il [2 0 0 4 ] 62.6 95.1 E l S a lv a d o r [2 0 0 4 ] 54.4 92.1 H o n d u r a s [2 0 0 4 ] 42.3 87.5 G u a te m a la [2 0 0 4 ] 39.7 78.1 H a iti [2 0 0 1 ] 34.7 91.0 N ic a r a g u a [2 0 0 1 ]