The world is a very big place. We share it with 3bn poor. Open - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The world is a very big place. We share it with 3bn poor. Open design can help.

Vinay Gupta Hexayurt Project • Hexayurt@Gmail.com - contact me • http://Hexayurt.com - shelter • http://Vinay.HowToLiveWiki.com - blog • http://LiveUnplugged.org - vision • http://GuptaOption.com/ - policy • http://GlobalSwadeshi.net - social network

Ending Poverty With Open Hardware pic via http://flickr.com/photos/63138333@N00/2162447668/ thank you for sharing your work

Absolute poverty means dying from being poor

Half Of All Death Is Death From Poverty Non-poverty deaths Poverty deaths 50% 50% 30 million people a year

Real Numbers • 60 million people die every year (WHO) • All causes, all countries, not just the poor • Two ways to see numbers • absolute cause, and • contributory effect http://www.who.int/whr/2004/annex/topic/en/annex_2_en.pdf

Hunger Data • About 1 million people die directly from lack of proper food (WHO) • However, FAO says hunger contributes to 36 million deaths each year • Some die directly, but masses are affected • This repeats for diseased drinking water, indoor air pollution and so on http://www.who.int/whr/2004/annex/topic/en/annex_2_en.pdf http://www.wantedinrome.com/articles/complete_articles.php?id_art=850

Poverty • Death from poverty comes in many forms • Lack of good food, disease from bad toilets and drinking water, breathing smoke from cooking fires, lack of vaccinations and so it goes - people die of many contributory causes • This is the poverty cluster

open technology can reduce poverty cluster deaths to zero* *or at least damn near it

Half Of All Global Death Is Preventable Non-Preventable 30 million people a year can be saved 50% 50% with simple technology

being poor does not have to mean dying from being poor

any more than it means not being able to afford an operating system

Solutions • Londoners were dying of cholera in 1854 • Infrastructure to protect public health more-or-less defines the developed world • But there’s a problem • you need stability to borrow money to pay for things like water treatment plants • that is hard to come by in poor places

Local Infrastructure • Gather power on each roof (sun, wind) • Purify water in each kitchen (SODIS) • Dispose of human waste in each back yard • Stability and a higher standard of living • without massive borrowing to finance centralized infrastructure systems http://smallisprofitable.org/

Population • If 1 in 5 (20%) die before they are adults • 90% odds of two adults needs 3 children • 99% odds of two adults needs 5 children • This is why the poor have large families • But reducing infant mortality quickly reduces family size! Charles Waldman, private correspondance

Open Appropriate Technology Systems • Solar and clean-burning wood stoves (5m) • Purify water in each kitchen (5m combined) • Dispose of sewage in back yards • Farming education to double food (30m?) • Generate power in each household (education, connectivity) http://www.aprovecho.org/ http://solarcookers.org/ http://www.worldtoilet.org/ http://www.ns.umich.edu/htdocs/releases/story.php?id=5936

Questions? • Translation & literacy? • Networks and devices? • Why hasn’t this happened already? • Political and economic indications? • Effect on the global environment? • Specific technologies? • Source material?

Mapping Infrastructure

injury too hot too cold illness 0.01% 0.1% hunger thirst 1% 10% annual Six Ways To Die mortality

injury too hot too cold illness 0.01% hunger 0.1% thirst 1% 10% annual mortality individual household town Blank region Slate world

e energy markets n coal mines nuke oil e SUN infra. driling r g wars coal e nukes s n e e f y d gas a l n o t i a fuel n power oil plants g r i d s communal violence policing hospitals accidents air s h conditio injury too hot e ning l t e fans r heating medical events too cold illness trash storage final sewage collection dispoasal treatment sewage clothes toilets 0.01% greywater dumps aquifers the coldness of hunger 0.1% space thirst 1% ware- wells house t r 10% ports lakes a cooking annual w n mortality a s air- p rivers t ports rain e o individual r purification r oil cars the t supply sea g food r n stores public house- e i trans d hold food t collection transport tap household farming markets rail water storage food town markets Industrial farming region farming Infrastructure SUN world

Apply Critical Technologies • solar water pasteurization etc. (water) • simple toilets (brick pits, composting) • solar cooking and improved stoves (air) • passive solar house construction (warm) • improved organic agriculture (nitrogen) • food preservation (zeer pots)

injury too hot too cold illness 0.01% hunger 0.1% thirst 1% 10% annual mortality individual household town Blank region Slate world

SUN wars L O C A L E N E G Y wind PV communal panels violence ECO- DESIGN accidents shelter y H t C E o - T r W O u L o j n h N E C I I i E D o M t heating biomass medical events dumps too cold illness trash S E O V T S wells T O I L E T sewage S clothes 0.01% dumps the purification coldness of r micro- 0.1% e t space g h cooking n i hydro r u s 1% t h transport 10% food annual stores mortality storage roads individual collection surface G N M I R F A W A water house- T E & R roads T E C H hold N O D O L O O F food G Y household farming E G R A O markets T S rain town region world

How Can You Help • Appropedia - classic wiki volunteer tasks • PhD students - thesis direction • Sci / Eng types - system testing and design • Multilingual? Translate, translate! • Keep the software (and hardware!) coming! • Build bridges for the future

Resources

A word on Gandhi • Refined the design for the spinning wheel that is his “machine-logo” • Self-reliance (swadeshi) is the only hope for most of the world’s poor - at least for now • Vertically and horizontally integrated morality • http://globalswadeshi.net

Open Appropriate Technology Projects • http://Appropedia.org - the motherlode • http://Aprovecho.org - stoves • http://Akvo.org - water technology • http://SolarCookers.org - cooking, water • http://OpenFarmTech.org - open everything • http://Hexayurt.com - whole systems, emergency housing