The Six-Day Spacecraft: Creating a Plug-and-play approach for - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Six-Day Spacecraft: Creating a Plug-and-play approach for aerospace systems y James Lyke Air Force Research Laboratory 23 September 2008 From National Defense Magazine , July 2007

• Create a spacecraft in less than one week Problem Formulation Problem Formulation

Days Instead of Years…. Days Instead of Years…. • Cannot be achieved by “tweaking” existing processes g p • Requires fundamentally new approaches • Standards are not enough • Standards are not enough

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The “Marching Army” The Marching Army Courtesy of Michael Enoch, LM

Beating time delay – an example Beating time delay an example Integrated Circuit (IC) TEST/INT DESIGN FABRICATE + + = 3 Months 6 Months 2 Months 11 months Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) FABRICATE TEST/INT DESIGN + + = 3 Months 0 Months 2 Months 5 months Convert one type of time delay into Convert one type of time delay into another kind you can deal with!

Field-Programmable Satellite Made with Field-Programmable Parts? g Eliminate wiring harnesses with pre-built programmable ith b ilt bl wiring Integrate plug-and-play Integrate plug and play components into sockets of pre-built panels Modularize power system components, add “smart p combiners” Programmable communications with communications with software radio technology

A Scalable Technology for Plug- and-play Systems d l S • Satellite Design Automation (SDA) Satellite Design Automation (SDA) – The metaphor of the “push-button toolflow” • Space Plug-and-play Avionics (SPA) Space Plug and play Avionics (SPA) components / technologies – Interfaces (SPA-U and SPA-S) Interfaces (SPA U and SPA S) – Appliqué sensor interface module – XTEDS – Satellite data model – Test bypass

Ultra-Rapid Upfront Specification Generation: Mission Driven Tools Mission Goals and Requirements Component Capabilities Connections Component 3 3. 2. 2 Icons Automa AUTO- SPACE- Drag & Drop Design GENERATE CRAFT “EVERYTHING” PROFILER PROFILER tic Verifica erate ation Ite ules Engine ************************************************************************* * CATEGORY RULES * ************************************************************************* 1. predCategory( catidReferenceFrame ). predElementOf( catidReferenceFrame, catidReferenceFrame ). Verification Ru predCategory( catidCoordinateSystem ). predElementOf( catidCoordinateSystem, catidCoordinateSystem ). MISSION ************************************************************************* 4. * INTERFACE RULES * Performance Modeling ************************************************************************* CAPTURE predInterface( iidIEnvironmentObject ). predElementOf( iidIEnvironmentObject, catidEnvironment ). COMPARE predInterface( iidIMomentumStorage ). predElementOf( iidIMomentumStorage, catidActuator ). Design V ************************************************************************* SIM VS THE SIM VS. THE * COMPONENT RULES * ************************************************************************* predComponent( clsidCEarth ). ORIGINAL predElementOf( clsidCEarth, catidReferenceFrame ). predElementOf( clsidCEarth, catidEnvironment ). fncIn( iidIEnvironmentObject, clsidCEarth ). MISSION

What is Plug-and-play What is Plug and play • Plug-and-play is centrally based on smart g p y y components – Every contains built-in electronic datasheet = Every contains built in electronic datasheet xTEDS (XML-based electronic datasheet) • Components network into a self- Components network into a self organized system This approach is called “Space called “Space Plug-and-play Avionics” Avionics

Plug-and-Play Components Black Box Objects Black-Box Objects “platform” “ l tf “platform” ” plug-and-play plug-and-play component component component Appliqué Sensor Interface Module driver electronic (ASIM) datasheet component USB interface chip USB interface chip interface module interface module

Payload SPA U link SPA-U link SPA-S link a-h spacecraft bus adio components p ra High-speed Hi h d downlink Command and data handling g c d a b h g e e f f Spacecraft bus

Payload ay oad ensor odule Your SPA U link SPA-U link nterface Mo Appliqué Se (ASIM) SPA-S link Device a-h spacecraft bus ra d io components High-speed here here downlink downlink In A Command and data handling c d a b Plug-and-play h g e f components – t Spacecraft bus black-box objects bj t

nsor dule Your Your Appliqué Sen Interface Mo (ASIM) Device here XML-based XML based Electronic Test bypass Test bypass Data Sheet Data Sheet engine state machine 8031 memory map Non-volatile memory: (xTEDS) Time (XTEDS) synchronization SPA- x RAM memory state machine Bypass storage Non-volatile x -interface 8 memory: memory: (ex. “U” = Processor program/data USB) (ex. 8031) Power mgt ser ser put ut Digital Use Power Use er in/output t User inpu in/output t Analog Analog User outp Misc.Use output

SPA Networking with SPA devices / hubs RXN X Hub C&DH C&DH RXN Y RXN Z Therm Simple Hub Hub Hub H b Camera Therm S ft Software Radio R di

USB1.1hub ASIM ASIM Synchronization Synchronization Power Power Physical Layer Physical Layer Interhub distribution distribution Matrix

The Satellite Data Model (SDM) – Building Awareness into Plug and play Awareness into Plug-and-play Mission Code / Scripts Application Application Application Application Data Model #1 #2 #i #N Satellite Task Manager Data Manager Processor Manager Manager SM SM S Sensor Manager (SM) M (SM) SM SM SM SM RF CPU GNC Comp C Current t Thermometer Monitor Camera

To simplify the testing of complex systems, a “test bypass” feature is integrated in the SPA plug-and-play interfaces. Test bypass allows an external control (simulation) to provide substituted values during test, similar to the test/debug methods used in g g developing software. Test bypass is particular useful in cases where an actual test involving a device’s native sensors and actuators is impractical. SPA (plug-and-play) thermometer Applique sensor interface module data face source embedded SPA interf processor normal A/D pre-amp / xTEDS bypass filter normal normal test bypass interface

Maturation / Flight Projects Maturation / Flight Projects • Ground validation – Responsive Space Testbed Testbed • Current flight projects – RESE (sounding rocket) (completed) RESE (sounding rocket) (completed) – SAE (part of TacSat 3) – PnPSat PnPSat • Prospective – TacSat V TacSat V – PnP Nanosatellite

Responsive Space Testbed Plug-and-play space Plug and play space components Approved SPA Hardware Interface Standards Automated Mission & S/c Design in-the-loop p Adaptive Wiring Manifold Appliqué Flt Demos Sensor RESE-1 Interface TS-3 SAE SPA-U Hub Module (ASIM) PnPSat “Flat-Sat” Cell Technology Cell Rapid Satellite Cell Objectives Mission Code / Scripts Application Application Application Application XML-based Satellite Data Model #1 #2 #i #N • Drive toward 6-day spacecraft Electronic Task Manager Data Manager – Dissect and examine every process Data Sheet Processor Manager SM Sensor Manager (SM) SM SM (xTEDS) – Develop modular systems & automated tools RF CPU • Validate plug-and-play architectures Validate plug-and-play architectures GNC Comp sor ule Current Current Your Your Thermometer Th Appliqué Sens Interface Mod Monitor Camera (ASIM) Device • Integrate analysis tools & hardware-in-loop here • Demonstrate fast I&T, initialization, and ops Plug-and-play Technology RIMS Ground Station • Explore prospective satellite configurations and operational concepts prior to build

Modular Concept Bus Modular Concept Bus • Like the Detroit “concept car” • Logically extends ideas of plug-and-play to the rest of the Logically extends ideas of plug and play to the rest of the satellite

Re-Entry Structures Exp’t I (RESE-1) RESE-1 Suborbital Flight Experiment RESE 1 S b bit l Fli ht E i t – Sounding Rocket: Single stage Terrier – Launch Site: White Sands – Launch Date: Sept 2007 L h D t S t 2007 – Max Altitude: ~ 250,000 ft – Duration above 90,000 ft: ~100 sec RESE-1 Plug-and-Play Experiment SPA hardware integrated into controller cards on dedicated composite deck with and configured for space in 4 months 4 SPA-U spacecraft sensors: Magnetometer Magnetometer Thermistors Two controller cards with integrated SPA-U hub Tri-axial and ASIMs integrated on S Strain Gauges G Accelerometer bottom of composite deck