The Returns to Education Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics 1 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Returns to Education Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics 1

Total Enrollment Over Time 16,000,000 14,000,000 , , 12,000,000 10,000,000 8,000,000 6,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 0 1985 1985 1990 1990 1995 1995 2000 2000 2005 2005 2010 2010 Public Private, non-profit Private, for-profit Source: Table 197 of the Digest of Education Statistics 2010 (Snyder & Dillow, 2011). Source: Table 197 of the Digest of Education Statistics 2010 (Snyder & Dillow, 2011). Note: Figures include both undergraduate and graduate students, though graduate students constitute only 15 percent of total enrollment. 2

Published Tuition and Fees (1981 = 100) 400 350 350 300 250 200 150 100 100 50 0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Private, non-profit (4yr) Public (4yr) Public (2yr) Source: Figure 5 of Trends in College Pricing 2010 (Baum & Ma, 2010). Source: Figure 5 of Trends in College Pricing 2010 (Baum & Ma, 2010). Note: Tuition figures have been adjusted for inflation. 3

Share of Revenue at Public Four-Year Institutions 70% 60% 50% 40% % 30% 20% 10% 0% 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Tuition and fees (including financial aid) State/local appropriations Source: Data from Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) and the Delta Cost Project. 4

Real Highway Trust Fund Deposits ($2005 billions) and GDP Share (without interest) $60 0.6% 0.48% $50 0.5% $ $40 0.4% 0.29% $30 0.3% $20 $20 0.2% 0 2% $10 0.1% $0 0.0% 1957 1963 1969 1975 1981 1987 1993 1999 2005 2011 Real deposits $2005 B (LHS) GDP share (RHS) Source: Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration Source: Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration Note: Highway Trust Fund deposits converted to real terms using the GDP deflator. Fund deposits reflect both the Highway Account and, starting in 1983, the Mass Transit Account. The GDP share is the ratio of nominal Fund deposits over nominal GDP. 5

Interest Payments to Highway Trust Fund Relative to Total Tax Sources 20% 18% 18% 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 1957 1963 1969 1975 1981 1987 1993 1999 2005 2011 -2% Observed interest Adjusted interest j Source: Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration 6