The Kalp and Melcroft AMD p Abatement Projects Rich Beam P.G. PA DEP Bureau of Abandoned Mine Reclamation PA DEP Bureau of Abandoned Mine Reclamation 2008 AMR Conference State College, PA August 12 2008 August 12, 2008
Kalp & Melcroft Kalp & Melcroft • The project involved two abandoned underground mine sites with significant water quality and public health and safety problems. Melcroft #1 Mine (Kalp site) and the Melcroft #3 Mine (Melcroft site) Melcroft #1 Mine (Kalp site) and the Melcroft #3 Mine (Melcroft site) • Kalp site was a significant priority 2 health and safety hazard, because of its impact to adjacent homes, properties and public p j , p p p highways and its potential for a mine pool blowout. • Melcroft site was inundating a number of basements and damaging homes in the nearby Village of Melcroft • Remediation efforts at both sites relied on in-seam directional d illi drilling to facilitate control of the mine pools and collection of the f ili l f h i l d ll i f h mine discharges.
K l & M l Kalp & Melcroft ft Problem Areas PA 2767 and PA 0429 Problem Areas PA 2767 and PA 0429 • • Project Start/Completion Dates: July 9, 2005 – October 2007 • PROJECT PARTNERS: • • PA-DEP Bureau of Abandoned Mine Reclamation • USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service • Mountain Watershed Association, Inc. • U S D O I Office of Surface Mining U.S.D.O.I. Office of Surface Mining • Foundation for PA Watersheds • • Local Landowners Local Landowners
Kalp & Melcroft Historical Perspective Kalp & Melcroft Historical Perspective • In 1924 Melcroft Coal I 1924 M l ft C l Company and other mining companies were enjoined and restrained from allowing AMD restrained from allowing AMD discharges into the upper Indian Creek Watershed by the Fayette County Court of Fayette County Court of Common Pleas. • The lawsuit was brought against the various coal companies by the Pennsylvania Railroad and several private water companies • In order to comply with the court, the mining companies constructed a mine drainage “flume” to collect and convey mine drainage. g y g • The seven-mile system, originally constructed with wooden flumes provided connections to and between existing mine workings.
Kalp Site Aerial View
Kalp Waterfall: AMD Discharge AMD Discharge Impacting Nine Miles of Indian Creek The Kalp opening was the mine discharge location prior to project The Kalp opening was the mine discharge location prior to project implementation and also the original starting point for the flume system.
Kalp Discharge flowing into the main stem of Indian Creek K l Di h fl i i t th i t f I di C k
M l Melcroft Site Aerial View ft Sit A i l Vi
Melcroft Mine Pool Impacts Melcroft Mine Pool Impacts
Melcroft Mine Pool Impacts Melcroft Mine Pool Impacts
Background Background P j Project Included: t I l d d – Discharge Relocation Discharge Relocation – Vertical Drilling – Horizontal Borings – Mine Pool Dewatering and Treatment Mine Pool Dewatering and Treatment – Mine Pool Stabilization – Mine Pool Monitoring
Background Background Issues or Items for Consideration – Availability of accurate mine – Availability of accurate mine mapping – Mine pool water quality – stratification – Site geology / hydrogeology – Condition of mine workings C diti f i ki
Background Background Issues or Items for Consideration (continued) – Hydrologic conditions within the mine Hydrologic conditions within the mine – Surface and mineral ownership – Future treatment plans – Receiving Stream Water Quality Receiving Stream Water Quality – Permitting
Mi Mine Pool Dewatering P l D t i Issues or Items for Consideration (continued) – Treatment Requirements – Treatment Requirements • Availability of Land for Treatment • Chemical Choices Chemical Choices • Sludge Handling • M Monitoring it i • Costs – Safety
Needed to secure easements from landowners whose property will be Needed to secure easements from landowners whose property will be affected by project. There were six in original plan.
K l & M l Kalp & Melcroft Directional Drilling ft Di ti l D illi • Drill pad constructed at the • Drill pad constructed at the downdip cropline • Two 8- inch directional borings • Two 8- inch directional borings through the coal seam • 60 feet of pressure grouted 12- 60 feet of pressure grouted 12 inch casing per drill hole • Exploratory vertical boreholes into the abandoned mine provided target coordinates and served as injection wells for water target coordinates and served as injection wells for water encountered during Directional Drilling
K l & M l Kalp & Melcroft Directional Drilling ft Di ti l D illi Directional Boreholes Drill Pad Drill Pad
Kalp & Melcroft Directional Drilling
K l & M l Kalp & Melcroft Directional Drilling ft Di ti l D illi
K l & M l Kalp & Melcroft Directional Drilling ft Di ti l D illi
K l & M l Kalp & Melcroft Directional Drilling ft Di ti l D illi
K l & M l Kalp & Melcroft Directional Drilling ft Di ti l D illi
K l & M l Kalp & Melcroft Directional Drilling ft Di ti l D illi
K l & M l Kalp & Melcroft Directional Drilling ft Di ti l D illi
Kalp & Melcroft Directional Drilling
K l & M l Kalp & Melcroft Directional Drilling ft Di ti l D illi
Kalp & Melcroft Kalp & Melcroft • Directional drilling relocated the current discharges to areas proximal to the proposed (phase 2) treatment systems. • Provided a mechanism to lower mine pool hydraulic head and was a lower cost and minimal disturbance alternative to the construction of overland mine drainage pipelines construction of overland mine drainage pipelines • Approximately 30 feet of mine pool hydraulic head was gradually and permanently removed at both project sites gradually and permanently removed at both project sites • Substantially less disturbance to properties, homes and public roads located between the discharge areas and the treatment roads located between the discharge areas and the treatment system locations.
Kalp & Melcroft Chemical Treatment Kalp & Melcroft Chemical Treatment • After completion of drilling activities BAMR released two contracts to dewater and chemically treat the Kalp and Melcroft mine pools and Melcroft mine pools. • The objectives were to The objectives were to expeditiously address health and safety concerns and to aid in the design and aid in the design and construction of the phase 2 treatment projects.
Kalp & Melcroft Chemical Treatment
Kalp & Melcroft Chemical Treatment K l & M l ft Ch i l T t t
Kalp & Melcroft Chemical Treatment K l & M l ft Ch i l T t t
Kalp & Melcroft Chemical Treatment K l & M l ft Ch i l T t t • Kalp site: 80,655,000 gallons of mine pool water treated using 201 012 gallons 20% Caustic Soda 201,012 gallons 20% Caustic Soda • Melcroft site: 48,630,000 gallons of mine pool water treated using f i l t t t d i 48,208 gallons 20% Caustic Soda • Total Treatment cost at Kalp Site = $209,286.00 Total Treatment cost at Kalp Site $209,286.00 • Total Treatment Cost at Melcroft Site = $98,961.00
Mine Pool Drawdown Kalp Site Mine Pool Drawdown Kalp Site 1480 1475 ) ation (ft) 1470 1465 Eleva 1460 1455 1450 1450 1445 3/1/2006 3/31/2006 5/1/2006 6/1/2006 7/1/2006 8/1/2006 9/1/2006 10/1/2006 11/1/2006 Date
Kalp Site Raw Water Quality Kalp Site Raw Water Quality 1000 1000 1480 1480 900 Acidity (mg/l) pool elevation 1475 800 1470 700 /l) n 600 tio g 1465 m (m a a v v le ity 500 l E id o c o A 1460 P 400 300 1455 200 1450 100 0 1445 3/1/2006 5/31/2006 8/31/2006 12/1/2006 3/3/2007 6/3/2007 Date
Kalp Site Raw Water Quality Kalp Site Raw Water Quality 350 1480 Iron (mg/l) Aluminum pool elevation 300 1475 250 1470 g/l) tion (m 200 200 1465 1465 Pool Elevat oncentration 150 1460 C 100 1455 50 1450 0 1445 3/1/2006 4/30/2006 6/30/2006 8/30/2006 10/30/2006 12/30/2006 3/1/2007 5/1/2007 7/1/2007 Date
STARTING TO DIG OUT THE PONDS STARTING TO DIG OUT THE PONDS
Making Rapid Progress
Wetlands at the Site: Wetlands at the Site: Mitigation—Sure Hope It Grows
Grow—Grow—Grow!!!
Complete! p
Design Flow 600 GPM Influent Effluent pH 3.1 6.8 Acid 224 mg/l 0 mg/l Fe Fe 40.2 mg/l 40.2 mg/l 1.4 mg/l 1.4 mg/l Mn 2.9 mg/l 2.8 mg/l Al 11.5 mg/l 0.6 mg/l
K l & M l Kalp & Melcroft ft CONSTRUCTION COST (Phase 1): CONSTRUCTION COST (Phase 1): • • AML Funds - $ 658,248.00 • USDA NRCS Funds - $ 446,480.00 • Total Project Cost - $1,104,728.00 • CONSTRUCTION COST (Phase 2 Kalp system): • AML Funds - $ 1,300,000.00 • USDA NRCS Funds - $ 427,000.00 • Total Project Cost - $1,727,000.00 •
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