Taking Action on PFAS MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Taking Action on PFAS MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

How We Got Here  2012 Wurtsmith “do not eat fish”  2013/2014 PFOS/PFOA recon sampling in surface waters  2017 connecting channels data  Grayling – 2017 g.w. sample data from DMVA  Wolverine – concerned citizens 1/24/2017 2

Current Magnitude www.Michigan.gov/pfasresponse 3

PFAS Uses Building and Chemicals and Apparel Aerospace Electronics Construction Pharmaceuticals Healthcare and Aqueous Film Energy Oil & Gas Semiconductors Hospitals Forming Foam 4

MILITARY ! MILITARY (104) ( Potential PFAS Sites ‐ AFFF 5

REFINERIES PETROLEUM BULK STATIONS PETROLEUM TERMINALS PETROLEUM_TERMINALS (44) SEC_Part_201_REFINERIES (43) SEC_Part_201_PETROL_BULK_STA (117) Potential PFAS Sites ‐ AFFF 6

OLD LANDFILLS ACTIVE LANDFILLS SUPERFUND SITES Part_115_Active_Accepting (70) OLD_LANDFILLS (1,791) SUPERFUND_NPL_MI_EPA (87) " Potential PFAS Sites ‐ Waste 7

ELECTROPLATERS PART 201 PLATERS & POLISHERS TSD ELECTROPLATERS Sites_of_Environmental_Contamination__Part_201_2 (69) Sheet1 (210) % ELECTROPLATERS_11_14_2017 (76) Potential PFAS Sites ‐ Electroplaters 8

Potential PFAS Sites NPDES WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANTS & WWSL BIOSOLIDS SITES Other Potential PFAS Sources:  Footwear Manufacturers  Furniture Manufacturers  Carpet Manufacturers  Car Washes  Scrap Tire Fires NPDES_INVENTORY_WWTP_WWSL_WTP (519) Biosolids_Sites (6,679) 9

Michigan PFAS Action Response Team (MPART) • Governor Snyder signed ED 2017‐4 on November 13, 2017 • Design: ensure comprehensive, cohesive, timely response to continued mitigation PFAS substances (PFAS) across Michigan • Goal : provide cooperation and coordination among all levels of government 10

MPART’s Approach Addressing known sites – focus on public health Proactive efforts ‐ PWS sampling Investigating new potential sites Prevention 11

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Regular Monitoring Plus  Site‐specific monitoring of known PFAS sites  Monitoring of PFAS in rivers, lakes and streams, and fish  Monitor point sources (Direct Discharges)  Industrial Pretreatment Program Initiative (Indirect Discharges)  Biosolids program  Superfund program  Coordinate with other Divisions (AQD, WMRPD and DHHS, others) 13

Example: Lapeer WWTP  Elevated PFAS results in Flint River tracked to Lapeer WWTP  DEQ found PFOS in discharge in June 2017  Worked with City to find the source  City working with source to eliminate PFOS 14

PFOS in Lapeer WWTP Biosolids  8/24/2017: PFOS = 2,100 µg/L (ppb)  9/29/2017: DEQ suspended Lapeer’s land application program.  Biosolids now disposed at a landfill  City of Lapeer issued order to plater requiring reduction/elimination of discharge to WWTP to 12 ppt PFOS  Source reduction efforts appear to be successful in lowering levels in biosolids at WWTP  Biosolids study 15

Sources of PFOS & PFOA for WWTPs  Platers using fume suppressants/demisters/wetting agents  Leather and fabric treaters, tanneries  Paper and packaging manufacturers  Manufacturers of parts w/PTFE coatings  Landfills (leachate)  Centralized Waste Treaters  AFFF fire fighting foam 16

IPP PFAS Initiative Requirements  Potential Source Screening  Monitor Probable Sources  If sources found:  Reduce/Eliminate PFOS & PFOA Sources  Monitor POTW effluent; report if exceeds standards  Submit Interim Report – due 6/29  Continue Source Reduction & Monitoring Alternative Plan:  Submit Summary Report – due 10/26 ‐More time ‐Fewer samples ‐For larger POTWs 17

70 active solid waste landfills Draft sampling guidance Landfill Leachate Trial run April 19, 2018 Statewide Fall 2018 18

Another Surface Water Investigation 19

Fish Waterbody Location Species # of samples Collection Flint River watershed Flint River @ Flint Walleye, channel 20 catfish and Analysis Mott/Holloway Reservoirs Bluegill 10 in partnership Kearsley Reservoir Bluegill, channel catfish 10 with DHHS Thread Lake Bluegill, channel catfish 10  365 fish collected in Rogue River u/s & d/s of Rockford Rockbass 20 2017 are being analyzed Rockford area lakes Panfish 30  132 fish planned in 2018 Caged fish Au Sable/Grayling vicinity 4 sites 16 Rogue River 4 sites 16 Total 132 20

Fish Consumption 21

Deer Collections ‐ MDNR  20 deer from 4 PFAS contaminated surface water locations  Oscoda  Alpena  Grayling  Kent County  48 deer head muscle samples  39 counties in Michigan 22

1,380 community water supplies 461 schools Public Water Represents 75% of MI residents Supply Testing Sampling began as a pilot in April, paused and and Schools launched in full on May 18 Involves 1‐3 teams To be completed December 23

NTNCWS Schools 24

CWS 25

PFAS Environmental Testing Factoids As of the end of May 2018: ~ 4,700 samples taken by MDEQ for PFAS throughout all 31 sites, for drinking water, groundwater, and surface water  2,755 drinking water samples taken, including public water supplies and residential wells  Out of 2674 results back,  1688 ND (63%)  863 between ND – 70ppt (32%)  22 over 70 ppt (5%)  1,681 groundwater samples taken  Out of 1651 results back,  340 ND (21%)  833 between ND and 70 ppt (50%)  478 over 70 ppt (29%) 26

Challenges:  Media Transfer  Disposal  Landfill/ Leachate 27

 Lack of federal standards  Primary drinking water criteria, hazardous constituents, biosolids,…  EPA Lifetime Health Advisory Level of 70 ppt PFOA and PFOS combined or individually not enforceable  Michigan standards Challenges:  Groundwater for drinking water clean‐up standard (January 10, 2018) Criteria  70 ppt PFOA and PFOS combined or individually  Surface Water ‐ Rule 57 Water Quality Standards  PFOS:  11ppt (drinking water source)  12 ppt (non‐drinking water source)  PFOA:  420 ppt (drinking water source)  12,000 ppt (non‐drinking water source) 28

Identify Challenges: Investigate Prioritizing Sites Remediate 29

 Where to sample  When to sample  What to sample Challenges:  What do we know about Sampling  Source(s) Strategy  Geology  Groundwater flow direction 30

Laboratory Analytical Methods Challenges: 14 or 24 analytes depending Analysis on method and media Over 3,000 PFAS chemicals 31

 Significant digits 12.345 or 12  J flags or ND Challenges: Reporting  ND below RL Results  Total PFAS Sum of estimates 32

 Comparison to lifetime health advisory level  How long is result valid? Challenges:  PFAS source investigation v. survey Response to  Presumptive mitigation needed? results 33

Potential contamination from use of AFFF Challenges: Airports/Fire Current inventory of AFFF Departments Best practices for training and use 34

Challenges: Surface Water Foam 35

Challenge: Agency Funding Resources capacity 36

Challenges: Communication  Risk  Need consistent message  Coordination among agencies  Community engagement 37

Parts per trillion 1 ppt = 1 drop (0.05mL) in 20 Olympic Swimming Pools Note: 1 Olympic Pool = 660,000 gallons 38

www.michigan.gov/pfasresponse 39

Contact Information & Questions • Environmental Assistance Center: 800‐662‐9278 • Twitter@MichiganDEQ • www.Michigan.gov/pfasresponse • Steve Sliver, slivers@Michigan.gov 40