T he Histo r ic al Co nditio ns Re po r t o f the L o we r Santa Cr uz Rive r E va n Ca nfie ld Akitsu K imo to Ja c o b Prie tto Ja me s Dub o is Julia F o nse c a
Re po rt Outline • I ntro duc tio n • Wa te r • Ge o mo rpho lo g y • Ve g e ta tio n • Wa te r Qua lity • Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s • Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in L SCR – Po ssib le I mpa c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity upg ra de s – Po ssib le Cha ng e s in Wa te r Supply
ROMP I mple me nta tio n Sc he dule ADEQ Treatment Deadline – Roger Road WRF ADEQ Treatment Deadline Ina Road WRF 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Ina Road WRF 50 MGD Power Plant (Ina Road WRF) Water Reclamation Campus 32 MGD Central Laboratory (Water Reclamation Campus) Demolish existing Roger Road plant 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Design/Approval Construction Acceptance/Startup Testing 3
Orig in o f the Re po rt • RF CD Dire c to r Suza nne Shie lds a sks me to write a re po rt o n impa c t o f ROMP upg ra de s to : – Pima Co unty wa te r supply (i.e . po te ntia l fo r impro ve d re c ha rg e ) – RF CD I nfra struc ture (1999 mo de ling study o f e fflue nt flo ws sa id) • I na to Co rta ro : 7-13 fe e t (do wnstre a m o f the I na Rd g ra de c o ntro l ha d de e p sc o ur) • Co rta ro to Avra Va lle y: 5-7 fe e t
Pima Co unty/City o f T uc so n Planning Study Go al Re spe c t fo r the E nvir o nme nt Go al #4: E nsure the future o f riparian and aq uatic hab itat alo ng the e fflue nt-de pe nde nt re ac h o f the Santa Cruz Rive r Ac tio n Plan Re spe c t fo r the E nvir o nme nt Pr o gr am #4: ‘ L o we r Santa Cruz Rive r Manag e me nt Plan’ (2011-2015)
Re le va nc e o f Histo ric al Co nditio ns Re po rt with Othe r E ffo rts E PA We tland Pr o gr am: ‘Re viving Rive r ’ Annua l Re po rt o f I ndic a to rs Planning: De ve lopme nt of Re gulato r y: Re fine the E xisting a L o we r Santa We tla nd (Ripa ria n) Cr uz Rive r Pro g ra m Manage me nt (T itle 16.30) Plan
Re po rt Outline • I ntro duc tio n • Wate r • Ge o mo rpho lo g y • Ve g e ta tio n • Wa te r Qua lity • Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s • Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in L SCR – Po ssib le I mpa c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity upg ra de s – Po ssib le Cha ng e s in Wa te r Supply
Histo ry o f F lo w in E fflue nt De pe nde nt Re a c h • 1973 - Disc ha rg e fro m Ro g e r c re a te s pe re nnia l flo w a t Co rta ro g a ug e • 1977 - Disc ha rg e fro m I na a dds to pe re nnia l flo w a t Co rta ro g a ug e • 1985 - Cla ssifie d a s ‘ E fflue nt – Do minate d Wate r’ (E DW) b e c a use o ve r 75% o f flo w in a typic a l ye a r is e fflue nt
E fflue nt I nflo w Pe a ke d in 2002 a nd is no w de c lining Annual E fflue nt Disc harge : 1989- 2011 70,000 60,000 -714 AF Y + 757 AF Y R² = 0.867 R² = 0.843 50,000 Y) 40,000 ge (AF 30,000 Disc har 20,000 Ro g e r Ro a d I na Ro a d 10,000 T o ta l 1989-2003 T o ta l 2003-2011 T re nd 1989-2003 T re nd 2003-2011 0 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Annua l F lo ws Gre a te r a t I na tha n T ric o Rd Annual Me an Disc har ge : 1991- 2011 200,000 Co rta ro Ro a d 180,000 T ric o Ro a d 160,000 140,000 120,000 Y) Disc ha rg e (AF 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
F ra c tio n o f E fflue nt Disc ha rg e to Annua l F lo w Fractional Annual Discharge: 1991-2011 (Lower Santa Cruz River/Total Effluent) 4.00 Cortaro Road 3.50 Trico Road 3.00 Fractional Discharge (AFY/AFY) 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Diffe re nc e in Mo nthly Disc ha rg e b e twe e n Co rta ro a nd T ric o is Diminishing Monthly Disc ha rg e : T ime Se rie s (1990- 2011) 1,000,000 Co rta ro Ro a d 100,000 T ric o Ro a d 10,000 - month) 1,000 Disc ha rg e (AF 100 10 1 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Mean Daily Discharge: 1993 100000 Cortaro 1993 10000 Trico 1993 Dishcarge (cfs) 1000 100 10 1 Me an Daily Disc har ge : 2006 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 100000 Day of Year Co rta ro 2006 10000 T ric o 2006 Dishc a rg e (c fs) 1000 100 10 1 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Da y of Ye a r
Sa tura te d Hydra ulic Co nduc tivity (K s) De c line s with T ime Sinc e L a st Ma jo r Sto rm L a c he r, L a ure l J. (1996) PhD Disse rta tio n, De pa rtme nt o f Hydro lo g y a nd Wa te r Re so urc e s, Unive rsity o f Arizo na .
Numb e r o f E ve nts E xc e e ding 2000 c fs Da ily Disc ha rg e (5-yr pe rio ds)
Annua l L o sse s Ha ve Be e n De c re a sing diffe re nc e b e twe e n flo w a t Co rta ro a nd T ric o g e tting sma lle r Annual L osse s: 1991- 2011 100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 Y) 60,000 oss (AF 50,000 L 40,000 -2000 AF Y R² = 0.794 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Re po rt Outline • I ntro duc tio n • Wa te r • Ge omor phology • Ve g e ta tio n • Wa te r Qua lity • Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s • Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in L SCR – Po ssib le I mpa c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity upg ra de s – Po ssib le Cha ng e s in Wa te r Supply
E fflue nt F lo w L o c a tio n Cha ng e b e twe e n 1998-2011 Major Change s (Re d): Sa nde rs- Avra Va lle y (2) Co rta ro - Sunse t (5 a nd 6) Minor Change s (Blue ): T ric o -Sa nde rs (1) Sunse t-Swe e twa te r (7)
Ma jo r L o c a tio n Cha ng e E fflue nt F lo w b e twe e n I na – Co rta ro 2008 2005
L a rg e Cha nne l Be d E le va tio n Cha ng e E fflue nt Cha nne l b e twe e n I na -Co rta ro 2005- 2008 1998- 2005 Re ac h in 1998 Re ac h in 2005 Re ac h Re ac h in 2008 in 2005
Mino r L o c a tio n Cha ng e E fflue nt F lo w b e twe e n Sunse t- Swe e twa te r
L a rg e Cha nne l Be d E le va tio n Cha ng e E fflue nt Cha nne l b e twe e n Sunse t- Swe e twa te r • Mino r L o c atio n Chang e b ut Re la tive ly De e p E ro sio n/ De po sitio n 2005- 2008 1998- 2005
Sma ll Cha nne l Be d E le va tio n Cha ng e E fflue nt Cha nne l b e twe e n T ric o - Sa nde rs ∗ Mino r L o c atio n Chang e ∗ Sha llo w E ro sio n/ De po sitio n 1998- 2005 2005- 2008
Re po rt Outline • I ntro duc tio n • Wa te r • Ge o mo rpho lo g y • Ve ge tation • Wa te r Qua lity • Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s • Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in L SCR – Po ssib le I mpa c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity upg ra de s – Po ssib le Cha ng e s in Wa te r Supply
Ve g e ta tio n – the Go o d • T o da y the pro je c t re a c h suppo rts so me o f the mo st e xte nsive and pro duc tive we tland plant c o mmunitie s in Pima Co unty , a nd the struc ture a nd c o mpo sitio n o f the pla nt c o mmunitie s in the flo o dpla in c o mpa re s fa vo ra b ly to o the r so uthe rn Arizo na va lle y b o tto m stre a ms. • Go rma lly (2002) fo und tha t e fflue nt is a sso c ia te d with inc re ase d plant dive rsity, ric hne ss, c o ve r and inc ide nc e o f e xo tic plants re lative to e phe me ral re ac he s.
Ve g e ta tio n – the Ba d • Ma uz (2002) fo und tha t ab o ut half the spe c ie s ide ntifie d in 1909 have b e e n e xtirpate d. Na tive flo o dpla in g ra sse s a re ne a rly a b se nt. • Se ve ra l pla nt c o mmunitie s suc h a s So no ran c o tto nwo o d-willo w and me sq uite fo re sts, and saltb ush de se rt sc rub have b e e n dispro po rtio nate ly diminishe d in a re a l e xte nt b y histo ric la nd use a nd wa te r re so urc e use a lo ng the L SCR.
Re po rt Outline • I ntro duc tio n • Wa te r • Ge o mo rpho lo g y • Ve g e ta tio n • Wate r Quality • Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s • Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in L SCR – Po ssib le I mpa c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity upg ra de s – Po ssib le Cha ng e s in Wa te r Supply
Histo ric a l Da ta Use d in Re po rt Pa ra me te rs RWRD Da ta ADE Q Da ta x x Sodium x x Ca lc ium x x Ma g ne sium x x Bic a rbona te x x Chloride x x Sulfa te x x T ota l Dissolve d Solid x x T ota l Kje lda hl Nitrog e n x x Ammonia x x Nitra te a nd Nitrite x T ota l Phosphorus x x Dissolve d Oxyg e n x T e mpe ra ture x pH
I nc re a sing Nitra te a nd Nitrite Do wnstre a m ( a re sult o f T K N c o nve rsio n to Nitra te a nd Nitrite ) Nitr ate and Nitr ite (mg/ L ) 12 10 8 2004 6 2009 2010 2011 4 2 0 Ro g e r SC-1 SC-2 I na WRF SC-3 SC-4 SC-5 SC-6 SC-7 SC-8 SC-9 SC-10 SC-11 SC-12 WRF
Nitro g e n Spe c ie s Disc ha rg e fro m Ro g e r Rd
(fro m ADE 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 Aug -86 T o ta l Disso lve d So lids in L Aug -87 Aug -88 Aug -89 Aug -90 Aug -91 Aug -92 Q site ne a r Co rta ro Rd) Aug -93 Aug -94 Aug -95 CAP 1992-1993 Dire c t De live ry o f Aug -96 T DS (mg/ L Aug -97 Aug -98 Aug -99 Aug -00 ) Aug -01 Aug -02 Aug -03 Aug -04 Aug -05 Aug -06 Aug -07 SCR Aug -08 Aug -09 Aug -10 Aug -11
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