SUSTAINABLE CITY BEST PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE MIXED – USE DEVELOPMENT CASE STUDY ANALYSIS AND IMPLEMENTATION TO THE CITY OF PLYMOUTH CAYTI CROZIER JOSEF HORNER PANAGIOTA OIKONOMAKOU EFTHIMIA PAPAEFTHIMIOU
AIM OF THE ANALYSIS “Methodological failings can always be traced to ideological errors.” Freire, P. (1970) PARTICIPATORY DESIGN MONEY HOLDERS’ VISION DESIGN STRATEGY
AIM OF THE ANALYSIS CASE STUDIES NATIONAL / INTERNATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION POSSIBILITIES AMENITIES / RESTRICTIONS
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM BRINDLEY PLACE BRINDLEY PLACE • Housing provision • Land costs • High density • Identity/materiality ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM BRINDLEY PLACE HOUSING PROVISION City Centre Neighbourhood
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM BRINDLEY PLACE LAND COSTS City Centre Royal London House, Armada Way. Size: 521sq ft Price/Rent: Leasehold £ 20,000 per annum. City Centre 50, Drake Circus. Size422sq ft Price/Rent: Leasehold £ 60,000 per annum. Price/Rent: Leasehold £ 60,000 per annum. Diagram of land ownership in city centre Council owns all of the West End Property. Rents range from around 5000pa to 20000pa, depending on the size of the unit. Frankfort Gate and opposite the Market on Cornwall Street, owned by Plymouth Community Homes, rents similar to West End. Rest of the City Centre owned by private companies but buildings are sited on ground owned by City Council. Drake Circus is owned by a private company and provides no direct money to Plymouth City Council.
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM BRINDLEY PLACE HIGH DENSITY The 3D map shows us that there is little variation in heights throughout the city. The centre itself is very low density when we look at the ratio of building to void space. The commercial centre feels enclosed by the lack of punctuation through the ring road. The map also shoes just how much the road system dominated and divides the city as a whole (Plymouth Briefing Document, University of Plymouth School of Architecture & Design, Master of Architecture , 2010 – 2011).
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM BRINDLEY PLACE IDENTITY / MATERIALITY RED - SAND BRICK / CHEAP RED BRICK PORTLAND STONE RED BRICK PORTLAND STONE / POSH CITY’S CONSISTENCY
HAMMARSBY SJOSTAD - SWEDEN DESCRIPTION Formerly disused, polluted brown field site located to the south of Stockholm now a leading example of sustainable urban living. The vision is to create a mixed use environment based on sustainable resource usage whilst retaining and enhancing the lakeside ecosystem. FOCUS ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC
HAMMARSBY SJOSTAD - SWEDEN STORM WATER COLLECTION •TREATED WATER USED FOR DOMESTIC USE AND HEATING AND COOLING WASTE DISPOSAL • ENERGY IS EXTRACTED FROM 99% OF • ENERGY IS EXTRACTED FROM 99% OF DOMESTIC WASTE ENERGY •RENEWABLE FUELS, BIOGAS PRODUCTION AND REUSE OF WASTE HEAT
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM HAMMARSBY PLYMOUTH CITY POTENTIAL • Small Scale city • Low Density – Lots of space for development • Coastal Location • Strong Wind • Strong University Presence
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM HAMMARSBY •Maximise the potential of the power of natural Climatic conditions and location to generate energy •Utilisation of the University Research Department to advance and become an exemplary urban Model of Renewable Energy Generation •Create waterside publically accessible •Create waterside publically accessible habitats to promote biodiversity and to aid flood risk whilst Improve social interaction •Implementation of Best Practice Recycling •Establish an eco – cycle which considers the reuse of waste To be used as part of a cohesive holistic approach to energy Production, heating and cooling systems and waste management
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM JUBILEE WHARF JUBILEE WHARF • Environmentally aware building techniques • Aims to reduce resource consumption • Energy production • Create good quality living environment ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM JUBILEE WHARF Insulation • Reduces Energy Consumption • Easy to install in new buildings • Difficult to apply in old existing buildings
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM JUBILEE WHARF Energy Generation • Aeolian Park • Location near the sea • Higher wind speed • More wind turbines • High production of energy and power and power ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM JUBILEE WHARF Solar Panels • Photovoltaic Cells • Takes a lot of energy • Cost • Climate • Duration of use / Life Water Use • Rainwater Harvesting • Economical source • Simply to construct from inexpensive materials • Easy to install tanks
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM COPENHAGEN COPENHAGEN • Green infrastructure plan • Transport links • Cycling • Traffic and Parking ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC PLYMOUTH • Very Limited Residential Provision • Poor transport linkage to suburbs and other transport hubs • Car domination / reliance on car • Poor cycling provision
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM COPENHAGEN
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM COPENHAGEN
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM COPENHAGEN AIRPORT Derriford St Budeaux Leigham Pennycross Mannamead Marsh Mills Eggbuckland Efford North Prospect Laira Laira TRAIN STATION Keyham Devonport CITY CENTRE Stonehouse Prince Rock
IMPLEMENTATION TO PLYMOUTH – LESSONS FROM COPENHAGEN
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