Supersonic Technology Development Supersonic Technology Development Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation FAA Public Meeting – Supersonics July 14, 2011 / Washington, DC
Civil Supersonics / Concorde is Gone – What Now? Civil Supersonics / Concorde is Gone – What Now? Initial Cruise Sonic Boom Strength • Gulfstream Perspective… 3.0 HSCT Quiet Supersonic Jet (QSJ) 2.5 Initial Shock Strength - psf Concorde 2.0 SBJ – Different Market 1.5 1.0 • Business Jet: Speed is QSJ Shaped DARPA QSP Goal Important & Affordable 0.5 QSJ Advanced Concepts 0.0 0 200000 400000 600000 800000 – Different Requirements Initial Cruise Weight - lb • High Speed Civil Transport: Mach 2.4, 600K airliner • Quiet Supersonic Jet: Mach 1.8, 100K transport • Advantages – Smaller Aircraft Reduced Sonic Boom – Lower Speed Less Complexity (Inlets, Materials, Etc.) Better Chance at Enabling Acceptable Supersonic Civil Aircraft Better Chance at Enabling Acceptable Supersonic Civil Aircraft Better Chance at Enabling Acceptable Supersonic Civil Aircraft Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Redefining the Speed Envelope Redefining the Speed Envelope Moscow Moscow Moscow 5 Hour Range Circle Day Trip NEW YORK NEW YORK NEW YORK NEW YORK There and back with Delhi Delhi Delhi Beijing Beijing 2 hours on location Beijing Anchorage Anchorage Anchorage Beijing Beijing Beijing London London London Moscow Moscow Moscow Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Hong Kong Hong Kong Tokyo Rome Tokyo Rome Hong Kong Tokyo Rome Casablanca Casablanca 5 Hours Casablanca Delhi Delhi Delhi Manila Manila Manila Dubai Dubai Dubai Cairo Cairo Cairo 5 Hours Eastbound from Westbound from 10 Hours New York New York 10 Hours Worldwide Coverage in 10 Hours Johannesburg Johannesburg Johannesburg * Assumes Mach 1.8 over land, 4,800 nm range capability † CFR Part 91.817 explicitly prohibits aircraft operation in US airspace at flight speeds > Mach 1 Supersonic Overland Is Key – Supersonic Overland Is Key – Supersonic Overland Is Key – Supersonic Requires Regulatory Change Requires Regulatory Change Requires Regulatory Change Configuration Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Redefining the Speed Envelope Redefining the Speed Envelope QSJ Today’s Reality Tomorrow’s Vision 0.90 M 1.80 M 1.80 M Cruise Speed Environmental Considerations Requirement • Boom Overpressure Acceptable for Overland SS Flight • Takeoff Emissions ICAO with Margin • Cruise Emissions Minimum Impact • Airport Noise Stage 4 with 10dB Margin Manage Environmental Impacts Through Design Requirements Manage Environmental Impacts Through Design Requirements Manage Environmental Impacts Through Design Requirements Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Supersonic Technology Development Objective: Conduct basic research into Objective: Conduct basic research into reducing the impact of sonic boom on reducing the impact of sonic boom on reducing the impact of sonic boom on people and the environment to enable people and the environment to enable people and the environment regulatory change for supersonic flight regulatory change for supersonic flight overland, domestically and internationally overland, domestically and internationally Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Sonic Boom Suppression Sonic Boom Suppression 2.0 Concorde SBJ w/ No Shaping 1.5 QSJ w/ Quiet Spike 1.0 • Gulfstream Quiet Spike™ Delta Pressure (psf) 0.5 0.0 – Extendable Nose Spike -0.5 -1.0 – Generate Series Of -1.5 Weak Shocks -2.0 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 Time (seconds) – Propagate Parallel To Without Spike Each Other – Transform Sharp Crack NASA LaRC UPWT Into Quiet Whisper Quiet Spike Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Quiet Spike Flight Test 2008 Laureate Award Aviation Week & Space Technology Comparison of CFD-Predicted vs. Measured Near-field Signature 0.08 Probing Sig. #10 at D-av = 95 ft. 3-D Hybrid CFD - Interpolated to #10 0.06 0.04 0.02 P/P 0.00 -0.02 Excellent Correlation & Flight Excellent Correlation & Flight Excellent Correlation & Flight -0.04 Validation of Sonic Boom Suppression Validation of Sonic Boom Suppression Validation of Sonic Boom Suppression -0.06 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Xcone ~ feet Photo: NASA Dryden Flight Research Center Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Preliminary Outdoor Loudness Assessment Gulfstream Signature Development & Simulation NASA F-18 Low Boom Flight Test – October 2005 100 < 70 PLdB 95 90 85 PLdB w/o U-wave 80 75 70 65 Boom Sound Levels Boom Sound Levels 50% Acceptance 60 95% Acceptance 120 PLdB 120 PLdB dB(A) 110 dB(A) 55 110 >35dB Reduction 100 >35dB Reduction 100 dB(A) dB(A) 90 90 City 50 City dB Traffic 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 dB 80 Traffic 80 Acceptability Acceptable Acceptable Absolutely Talking 70 Talking 70 24/7 Day Time Marginal Not Acceptable Not Allowable 60 60 50 50 40 40 HSCT Concorde SBJ QSJ shaped QSJ QSJ HSCT Concorde SBJ QSJ shaped QSJ QSJ advanced advanced+ advanced advanced+ Configuration Configuration Low Boom Simulation & Preliminary Flight Results Low Boom Simulation & Preliminary Flight Results Low Boom Simulation & Preliminary Flight Results Independently Point Toward Signature Levels ~ 70 PLdB Independently Point Toward Signature Levels ~ 70 PLdB Independently Point Toward Signature Levels ~ 70 PLdB Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Global Impact Assessment Global Impact Assessment 0.8 St. Helena Island (summ) 58.6 PL(dB) Oimakon, Russia (wint) 69.5 PL(dB) 110 110 0.6 Std. Atm. 66.8 PL(dB) 0.4 Delta Pressure (psf) 100 100 0.2 N-wave, 90 deg hdg, M Perceived Loudness (PLdB) N-wave, 90 deg hdg, Ju N-wave, 90 deg hdg, S N-wave, 90 deg hdg, D 0.0 Concorde, Std. Atm.: >105 PLdB N-wave, 270 deg hdg, M 90 90 N-wave, 270 deg hdg, Ju N-wave, 270 deg hdg, Se -0.2 N-wave, 270 deg hdg, De Case 432, 90 deg hdg, Case 432, 90 deg hdg, -0.4 Case 432, 90 deg hdg, 80 80 Case 432, 90 deg hdg, QSJ, Std. Atm.: <70 PLdB Case 432, 270 deg hdg, -0.6 PL (dB) Case 432, 270 deg hdg, Case 432, 270 deg hdg, Case 432, 270 deg hdg, -0.8 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 70 70 Time (sec) 60 60 50 50 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 Latitude Low Boom Signature Low Boom Signature Low Boom Signature Robust in Non- -Standard Standard Robust in Non Robust in Non-Standard Atmosphere Atmosphere Atmosphere Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Partnering For Quiet Supersonic Flight Partnering For Quiet Supersonic Flight Key Scientific & Key Scientific & Regulatory Partnerships Regulatory Partnerships Pioneering Low Boom Supersonic Research Pioneering Low Boom Supersonic Research Innovative Low Boom Propulsion Development & Testing Innovative Low Boom Propulsion Development & Testing Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Summary • Continued Market / Industry Interest Quiet Spike Video in Future Supersonic Concepts – Supersonic Overland Flight is Required – Manage Environmental Design Requirements for Success • Promising Research Results in Sonic Boom Suppression – Validated Quiet Spike Technology – Acceptable Noise Level Achieved Through Low Boom Shaping Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Questions ? Questions ? Gulfstream Proprietary Information
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