Sikh h It Itiha haas is is`K `K ie ieiq iqhw hws Si Sikh kh It Itih ihaas aas
The Ten Gu Gurus: s: I. I. Guru u Nanak Dev Ji II. I. Guru u Angad Dev Ji III II. Guru u Amar Das Ji IV. IV. Guru u Ram Das Ji V. V. Guru u Arjan Dev Ji VI. Guru VI. u Hargobi gobind nd Ji VII VII. Guru u Har Rai Ji Ji VII VIII. I.Guru u Har Krishan shan Ji IX. Guru u Tegh Bahadur ur Ji Ji X. X. Guru u Gobind nd Singh h Ji
Shr hri Gu Guru u Na Nana nak Dev ji (14 1469 69 - 1539) 1539) • Guru u Nanak Dev Ji, founder of of Sikhis hism • Born in the villag age of Talwa wandi ndi (Nankan kana Sahib) b) now in Pakistan stan. • He founded 3 p pillars ars of sikhis hism: • Naam Naam Japna • Kirt Karni • Vand Chakna • He did 5 j journe neys ys (Udasis sis) ) in his life. ". The peopl oples s of the world were confuse used by the conflictin cting g mess ssage ge given n by priests, ts, pundits, ts, qazi zis, mullah ahs, s, etc Guru Nanak Nanak wanted to tell the peopl ple about t the "real al message sage of God. .
Trave vels ls of Gur uru u Nana nak Dev ev Ji
Gur uru u Ang ngad Dev ev Ji (15 1504 04-1552) 1552) Guru u Angad Sahib, b, (Bhai i Lahna na ji) • was s born in the villa lage ge named d Sarai Naga, district ict Muktsar sar (Punj njab) b) Guru u Angad Dev ji introd oduced uced • Gurmu mukhi khi Script. t. Composed mposed 62 hymns, ns, include uded in the • Guru u Granth nth Sahib. b. He further ther popula lariz ized ed and expanded ed • the institut titution ion of 'Guru u ka Langa ngar' starte ted by Guru u Nanak k Sahib b earli lier er . Guru u Angad took a keen interest erest in • physic sical l fitness ess, and encou ouraged ged his devotee otees s to be involv olved ed in sports. ts.
Gur uru u Ama mar Das s Ji (14 1479 79-1574) 1574) • Beca came me Guru at the age of 73 73 (oldest st Guru) • Organ anized zed 3 a annual gatherings ngs for Sikhs. khs. • Set t up the sikh’s 1st pilgr grima mage ge site te at Goindwal ndwal Sahib. b. • Introdu oduce ced Sikh ceremonies monies for birth th and death. h. • Most t famous us hymn, Anand Sahib, b, is part t of Sikh daily y prayer. • He strength ngthened ned the traditi tion on of 'Guru u ka Langer' and made it compul pulso sory for the visitor tor to the Guru u saying ng that 'Pehle hle Pangat Phir Sangat'.
Gur uru u Ram m Das Ji (15 1534 34-1581) 1581) • Guru Ji lai aid d the foundatio ation n stone e of Chak Ramdas das or Ramdas das Pur, which h is now calle led d Amritsa sar. . • Guru Ji started ed the construct uctio ion n of the lake e around d the Harmandir andir Sahib b at Amritsa sar. • Guru Ramdas as Sahib b composed ed Four Lawan ans and advis ised ed the Sikhs hs to recite e them in order to solemniz emnize e the marria iages es of thei eir childr ldren. en.
Guru Arjan an Dev Ji Ji (1563 (1563-1606) 606) Constr tructe ucted d Harmandir mandir Sahib. b. • It was built on lower er land and have 4 doors, • symbolis bolising ing the new faith, h, which h requir uired d the lowe west t to go even lower and open for everyo yone ne. Compiled piled and collec lected ted all hymns of previous vious • Gurus us and added d 2616 of his own to form m the Adi Granth nth Sahib ib (half f of the holy scriptur ptures es of Sikhi hi).. ).. Guru u Arjan Sahib b founded nded the town of Tarn n • Taran an Sahib b near Goindwa dwal l Sahib ib The tradit ditio ion n of Daswandh andh and Masand nd system m • was also o institu itutio ionalized. nalized. Was made to sit on a large ge burning ing plate while le • burning ning hot sand was poured d over his body.
Guru u Hargobi obind nd Sahi ahib b Ji(1595 95-1644) 1644) Transf nsfor orme med the Sikhs s by introd oducing ucing • martia tial l arts and weapon ons s for the defense nse of the masses. es. Guru u Hargobind gobind put on two swords s - • one signifyi ifying ng miri (secul ular power) ) and other er piri (spiritu itual l power). ). At the age of 13 he built t the Akal Takht • in 1608 08 at Amritsa tsar in Punj njab. b. He was impriso soned ned in the fort of • Gwali liar for one year. . When n he was released eased he insiste sted d that t his 52 fellow ow prisoners, soners, who were e Rajput ut kings, s, shou ould ld also be set free. To mark this s occasion sion the Sikhs s celebrate Diwali li ( bandi ndi chod divas ). ). Fough ught t four battles les with h the Mughal • ruler lers s which ch were forcin ing g people to become me Muslims ims.
Gu Guru u Har Ra Rai Ji Ji (16 1630 30-1661) 1661) • Grandso son of Guru Hargobi obind d Sahib b ji. • Guru Sahib b also establ blished shed an Aurved vedic herbal al medicine ine hospit ital al and a research centre at Kiratpur pur Sahib. b. There, he maintain ained d a z zoo also. • Had a lot of love for nature
Gu Guru u Har Krisha han n Ji Ji (16 1656 56-1664) 1664) Guru u Har Krishan han, the Youngest ngest Guru, became e guru at the age of five, and is known n for his wisdo dom m and compas assion. ion. Younger unger son of Guru Har Rai. Guru u Harkris ishan han cured d the sick during ing a s smallpox pox epidemi emic c in Delhi. i. Gurdwara dwara Bangla la Sahib b in New Delhi hi was constr tructed ucted in the Guru's memor ory. y. This is where e the Guru stayed ed during ng his visit to Delhi hi Became me guru at the age of 5 and died d of smallpox ox at the age of 8. .
Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji (1621-1675) 5) • Son of Guru HarGobi Gobind nd Sahib b Ji and Great at-un uncle cle of Guru Har Krish shan an. • He established blished the town of Anandpur pur. . • He was a firm m believer in the right ht of people ple to the freedom of worshi ship. p. He was torture tured and beheade aded in Delhi hi by Muslims ms for helpin ping g Brahmins mins (Hindus) ndus) avoid forci cible ble conversi sion on to Islam. am. • Gurdwara wara Sis Ganj in Chandani ni Chowk wk, New Delhi hi is locate ted where he was martyr yred. • Gurdwa wara a Rakab Ganj Sahib b in New Delhi hi is located ated where the Guru's u's body was cremate mated.
Guru Gobind nd Singh Ji (1666 (1666-1708) 708) Son of Guru u Tegh Bahadur ur. • Founded nded the Khalsa sa (the pure brother therhood) ood) • and Sikh baptism sm on the day of Vasakh khi. He nomin inated ted the Sikh sacred d text (Guru u • Granth nth Sahib) b) as the final l and immor ortal tal Guru. u. He called ed Male Sikhs s – Singh gh and Female le • Sikhs hs – Kaur Main n war was fought ht at Chamkau mkaur. He • himse self lf with h his own n hands s prepared ed his 2 elder sons to fight t and watched ched them m go into to war. 2 youn unger ger sons were bricked ked alive ve for • resistin isting g to conver vert t into o Islam. m. They are the youn unges gest t matrys in recor orded ed world ld history tory.
Baba Band nda Baha hadur ur • Guru u Gobind nd Singh h chose e Banda da Singh h Bahadur ur to be the command nder er of Sikh h forces es. • From m 1708-17 1715 15 Baba Banda da Singh h Bahadur ur establ blis ished hed the first Sikh Empire. e. • He was ambushed hed by the Mughal hal forces es, arrested ted and brutall ally tortured ed to death. th.
Chh hhota Gha halug ughara hara • Chhota ta Ghalughara ghara (The Lesser Massac sacre) e) Sikh kh holoc ocaust st of 1746 • Abou out t seven thousand and Sikhs hs were killed d and about ut fifte teen en thous usan and Sikhs s were take ken n prisoners ers during g by the order of the Mughal al Empire e .
Harmandir mandir Sahi hib b blown n up up in n 17 1762 62 • Ahmed ed Shah Abdali li went t to Amrits to tsar ar and destroy oyed ed the Harminder nder Sahib . • Within hin a few months hs the Sikhs hs attacked ked Sirhan and and moved to Sirhand nd.
Sikh h Misl • Inspi pite te of all these se hard E.g. times mes (1762-17 1799 99), ), the • Ahluwa walia Misl Sikhs khs manage ged to keep p hold • Singhpui ghpuira Misl of Punjab b and rule it. This s • Kanhaiya aiya Misl period od is known n as Misl period od. . • Bhangi gi Misl • A A Misl is a c confederatio ation; n; • Ramgar arhia hia Misl Punjab b was divided into 12 and so on areas as and ruled on a secular cular basis s throu ough gh this confe nfederati tion. on. • Some me consi sisti tings ngs hundreds s and others s about t tens thousan usands s of sikhs hs.
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