Secretariat 3. Citizens Information Board 4. Citizens Advice 5. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1. Centre for Cross Border Studies 2. North South Ministerial Council Joint Secretariat 3. Citizens Information Board 4. Citizens Advice 5. Department of Social Protection 6. Department for Communities 7. EURES Cross Border Partnership 8. Law Centre NI

Article 45 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union enshrines:  the right to accept offers of employment in another Member State  the right to move freely and the right to stay for the purpose of employment ;  the right, subject to conditions, to remain in a Member State after having been employed there;  the right to equal treatment

 Article 50 will trigger 2 years of negotiations  Access to the Single Market usually requires free movement of people  UK will negotiate with EU as a whole , not with individual Member States. Ireland cannot give preferential treatment without agreement of all EU members.  Exit will occur whether or not negotiations are complete, unless the 27 member states agree an extension

4 million+ EU citizens affected ~ 3 million EU citizens living in the UK 1 million+ British citizens living across the EU approx. 24,000 – 30,000 cross-border workers on this island

 Right to PR requires 5 years of lawful residence  EU citizens not economically active must be self-sufficient and have comprehensive sickness insurance for 5 years  In the UK / Northern Ireland most EU citizens instead rely on NHS, residence based, which does not comply!  What will happen Irish citizens living in Northern Ireland? Other EU citizens?

European Economic Area membership; Norway model  Access to single market, similar rights for citizens  Voting rights and anti-discrimination rights may be eroded Switzerland model  Bilateral agreements ensuring access to single market and free movement of people – potential rights to residence, work, social security.  Right to non-discrimination and permanent residence may be lost For further information see ECAS report, 5 Takeaways on Brexit, February 2017

Free Trade Agreement with EU e.g. Canada  Possible that some citizens rights are retained but most likely linked to employment or temporary stays e.g. study, seasonal work, highly skilled work.  Free movement of other groups linked to domestic immigration law  Under Canada type agreement social security coordination and voting rights would end For further information see ECAS report, 5 Takeaways on Brexit, February 2017

Association Agreement / Customs Union e.g. Turkey  The Turkey agreement only includes free movement of family members of EU citizens otherwise the person / family must abide by national immigration rules e.g. for work or residence  Turkish citizens must hold a visa to enter the EU  Some citizens rights would be protected e.g. there is a gradual accumulation of residence rights for Turkish workers and their families. They also benefit from limited elements of EU social security coordination For further information see ECAS report, 5 Takeaways on Brexit, February 2017

World Trade Organisation rules Trade only; tariffs and quotas Citizens rights to enter, work, live etc not included For further information see ECAS report, 5 Takeaways on Brexit, February 2017

Source: ECAS report, 5 Takeaways on Brexit, February 2017

 Established 1920s, the Common Travel Area ensures free movement for Irish and UK citizens between the UK, Channels Island, the Isle of Man and Ireland.  The CTA was annexed to the EU Treaties when Ireland and the UK joined the EU  Current Joint Programme of Works to reinforce cooperation on visas, data sharing and electronic border management.

1 person Implications of cross- border mobility • Access to education • Access to health care Student • Habitual residence status • Unrestricted access to employment • Right to equal treatment, non discrimination • Recognition of qualifications Worker • Access to healthcare, at home and at work • Habitual residence status • Social welfare entitlements e.g. illness benefit • Taxation and social insurance payments • Commuting e.g. car registration, taxation • Married persons taxation • Spouse moving jurisdiction Family • Children member - Maternity and paternity entitlement - Healthcare - Child care and education - Social welfare e.g. Child Benefit • Aggregation of social insurance • State pensions Retiree • Long-term illness benefits • Health care entitlement for retired cross-border workers

Cross-border worker – living Dundalk, working Belfast Currently, due to EU regulations 1. Illness benefits – NI may be responsible 2. Family benefits – NI may be responsible 3. Retirement – NI may be responsible for State Pension Post -BREXIT  Will PRSI and National Insurance continue to be combined to help cross-border worker qualify for benefits?  Will benefit(s) be exported outside UK, to Ireland? Beyond?

 Will the free movement of people, goods and services continue?  CTA applies to Irish and UK citizens only, restrictions may be placed on other nationalities. What will happen to Irish and EU citizens already working in the UK / NI?  Will checkpoints and customs be set up? Will mobility be monitored?  Would travel visas and work permits be required?  Would limits be placed on the number of migrant / cross-border workers? Will there be skills shortages?  Will the cost of wages go up or down – supply & demand?

 How / where will ‘border’ be managed?  Point of entry  Work  Social security offices  Schools / educational facilities  Healthcare providers  Accommodation providers

Border People Project Manager www.borderpeople.info Centre for Cross Border Studies www.crossborder.ie