Science & Diplomacy Building Bridges While Accelerating a Clean - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Science & Diplomacy Building Bridges While Accelerating a Clean Energy Revolution by Dr. Robert C. Marlay Office of International Affairs U.S. Department of Energy Center for Science Diplomacy American Association for the Advancement of Science Washington, D.C. May 5, 2016 1

The Power of S&T to Open Doors and Nurture Cooperation  In July 1971, Henry Kissinger, President Nixon’s National Security Advisor, executed one of the most memorable diplomatic maneuvers in history  Kissinger feigned sickness in Pakistan and flew under cover of darkness deep into China to open secret discussions  The People’s Republic of China was a totalitarian State and represented values profoundly different than those of the United States President Nixon and Kissinger on the south lawn of the White House, August 10, 1971  Kissinger and Nixon still saw strategic advantages in opening a dialogue with Mao and the Chinese Regime  Eight years later, Nixon, Kissinger and Mao were gone, but seeds they planted led to a normalization of relations  First manifestation of US-China cooperation was in the form of a Science & Technology Agreement in 1979 President Nixon meets with China’s Premier, Mao Tze-Tung, February 21, 1972 2

New Era of S&T Cooperation  In January 1979, U.S. and China agreed to cooperate on range of S&T research objectives, including: Agriculture, Energy and Space; o Health and Environment; o Earth Sciences and Engineering; and o Educational and Scholarly Exchanges o  Thus began, a new era of S&T cooperation that now encompasses dozens of programs, including energy-related activities: High Energy Physics, N. Physics and Fusion Energy; o Oil, Gas, and Coal Technology; o PRC’s Premier Deng Xiaoping and Nuclear Security and Non-Proliferation; o President Jimmy Carter sign diplomatic 10-year Framework on Energy Efficiency, o agreements between the United States Environmental Conservation, and Energy Security and China, January 31, 1979  Beyond China, almost all countries seek innovation in clean energy technology  This creates an array opportunities for the US government -- with its robust research enterprise – to open doors, build relationships of trust & friendship, and accelerate the pace of innovation 3

International Cooperative Agreements  Today, the U.S. Department of Energy has:  400+ S&T agreements, with  80+ countries, and  8 international organizations.  DOE is active internationally in all 4 of its mission areas:  Energy supply and security  Basic sciences DOE Headquarters, Washington, DC  Nuclear non-proliferation  Environmental clean-up  Integrating all of the above to advance strategic objectives in energy, the economy, and the environment, including climate change. 4

Countries with International S&T Agreements with DOE Source: DOE. “IEC Documents.” Accessed May 4, 2016. http://www.energy.gov/ia/iec-documents. 5

U.S.–China Clean U.S.-China Energy Research Center Clean Energy Research Center 中美清 洁 能源研究中心 November 2009 In November 2014, Presidents Obama and Xi Jinping , In November 2009, President Obama and China’s former jointly announced significant National commitments to President, Hu Jintao launched: Seven Joint Clean Energy reduce GHG emissions. CERC was heralded as an Initiatives. The Protocol was signed on Nov 9, 2009. exemplar of cooperation between the two countries.  CERC Goals:  Four existing research tracks: Advanced Spur Innovation of Clean Energy Techs o Coal Technology; Clean Vehicles; Efficient Diversify Sources of Energy Supply o Buildings; and Energy and Water Improve Energy Efficiency o  New Track on Medium and Heavy Trucks Accelerate Transition to Low-Carbon o Future  Currently $250 M over 5 Years Avoid the Worst Consequences of o  Open to Other Areas in the Future Climate Change 6

U.S.–China Clean Examples of Research Success Energy Research Center 中美清 洁 能源研究中心 Tangible Outcomes and Impacts; Advanced Coal Technology Consortium Relationships Continue to Expand and Deepen; Post Combustion Capture Simulation of Huaneng’s Researchers have Access to Process Applied to Duke’s Unique Experimental Platforms; Gibson–3 Plant Industrial Partners Gain Market Knowledge and Build Buildings Energy Efficiency Relationships; Consortium Large-scale Business Ventures Test and Evaluation of Explore Ways to Collaborate with Advanced Technologies CERC In Remodeled CABR, Beijing, LBNL & MOHURD Shared Data Accelerate New Technology Deployment; Clean Vehicles Consortium Additional Private Partners Seek to Join; Simulated Crash ‐ Tests of Other Countries are Taking Light ‐ Weight Multi ‐ Material Car Bodies, Notice. Tsinghua and U. Michigan 7

CERC’s New Model for Enhanced U.S.–China Clean Energy Research Center S&T Collaboration 中美清 洁 能源研究中心 Cooperation (Traditional) Collaboration (CERC) *  Work Plans Coordinated, but Separate  Work Plans Developed Jointly  Independent Work on Similar Projects  Work Together on Same Projects  Interactions Characterized by Research  Research Characterized by Division of Labor Visits, Personnel and Student Exchanges Among Participants on Joint Tasks  R&D Focuses on Institutional Strengths  Joint R&D Exploits Complementarities  Relationships Collegial  Relationships Interdependent  R&D Results Shared Externally  R&D Results Can Arise Jointly  Benefits are Mainly Academic; Transfer of  Benefits are Embedded among Partners and Knowledge via Technical Papers & Reports Extended by Interests in Commercialization  No guaranteed IP Rights in Other's  Guaranteed Right to IP in Other's Territory; IP Territory; IP Provisions Not Flexible Terms & Conditions May be Negotiated  Few IP Advantages for R&D Partners  Potentially More Attractive IP Platform * Jointly Funded Research Projects, as Defined by Mutually Agreed-Upon Technology Management Plans 8

U.S.–China Clean Intellectual Property Energy Research Center 中美清 洁 能源研究中心  Innovative Bi-Lateral Approach to IP Enabled by CERC Protocol & Annex Strengthens protections for IP o Enables robust research agenda o Facilitates lawful exploitation of IP in o both territories Supports fair resolution of disputes o  Technology Management Plan (TMP) Sets rules and expectations before o work begins Two governments sign endorsement letters supporting the jointly agreed upon & signed Technology Management Plans* Endorsed by both Governments o Observers: Facilitates collaborative work and o Secretary of Energy Steven Chu encourages compliance Minister of Science & Technology WAN Gang Vice Minister QIU Baoxing , MOHURD  Joint IP Conference, Hainan, March 2012 Signatories:  Joint IP Conference, Palo Alto, Feb 2013 Assistant Secretary David B. Sandalow, DOE Deputy Director General MA Linying, MOST  Published Researcher’s Guide to IP Country Directors of CERC: Dr. Robert C. Marlay (for U.S.) (English & Chinese), October 2015 Counselor LIU Zhiming (for China, Not Shown) * TMP, regarding the exploitation of intellectual property rights pursuant to paragraph ILB,2,(d) of Annex I- Intellectual Property (hereinafter "IP Annex") of the CERC Protocol, Beijing, September 23, 2011 9

U.S.–China Clean Map of Over-Arching Goals to Outcomes Energy Research Center 中美清 洁 能源研究中心 Overarching Goals Approaches Outputs Outcomes Technological A. Accelerate Development Joint Research on Clean Energy Techs in Improved Energy and Deployment of Clean Mutually Beneficial Areas to: Security, Efficiency, Energy Technology and Quality of Life • Accelerate Innovation New Insights • Share Costs and Divide Risks Environmental and B. Expand and Strengthen • Diversify Tasks and Expand Scope Knowledge/ Reduced Pollution Bilateral Engagement and Avoiding Worst Technical between U.S .and China • Harness Complementary Strengths Breakthroughs Consequences of • Access Unique Experimental Platforms Climate Change C. Protect and Encourage • Deepen Business Participation Diplomatic Development of IP and New, Strengthened US- Improve US –China Utilizing an Enhanced Model of Bilateral Productive S&T China Relations with interactions regarding IP Collaboration, based on: Partnerships Spillover Benefits and Business • Equality, Mutual Respect, Reciprocity, Relationships Economic D. Facilitate Relationship Trust & Friendship Formed Increased Innovation- Building and Market Access • Timely Exchange of Information led Competitiveness to Participating Businesses • Effective Protection of Intellectual and Business to Speed Technology Property Opportunities Development • Respect of Laws of Each Other’s Country 10