NASA Aeronautics and Space Administration SCaN Badri Younes Deputy Associate Administrator NASA Space Communications and Navigation October 2017 www.nasa.gov NASA Official Use Only
Enabling Human Space Exploration and Science Missions Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) 24/7 Global Near Earth 100+ Missions currently and Deep Space Serves as the Program Office for all of Supported by SCaN Communications NASA’s space communications activities and Navigation Services Manage NASA Develop space Represent and Develop, operate Develop spectrum; represent communication negotiate on behalf and manage all technologies to NASA standards as well of NASA on all NASA space enable and on national and as positioning, matters related to communications enhance future international navigation, and space capabilities mission spectrum timing policies communications management forums
SCaN Assets Spanning the Globe and Future Ka-band Upgrades • SN Tracking Data Relay Satellites (TDRS) • F13 • F6, F12 • F9 • F7, F8 • F10, F11 • NEN Ka-band Upgrade • NEN Stations Svalbard, Norway - North Pole, Alaska - ASF, Alaska • NEN KSAT Station - NOAA, Alaska Norway • NEN SSC Station • NEN Station Kiruna, Sweden • MDSCC • NEN Upgrade White Sands, NM • GDSCC Madrid, Spain • NEN Station 2 NASA Ka-band Goldstone, Weilheim, Germany • Alaska Satellite California Facility • NEN • MDSCC • GDSCC Wallops Island, Virgina Madrid, Spain • SN Goldstone, • DAEP Ka-band White Sands • SN California Complex, • NEN PDL/KUS Guam Remote Upgrade • DAEP Ka-band • NEN KSAT Station New Mexico Launch Range, Florida Ground Terminal Singapore Upgrade • NEN Station USN, Hawaii • CDSCC Canberra, Australia • NEN Station Hartebeesthoek, Africa • NEN Station • NEN Station USN, Santiago, Chile Dongara Australia • CDSCC Canberra, Australia • DAEP Ka-band Upgrade • NEN Ka-band Upgrade • NEN KSAT Station • Punta Arenas, Chile TrolSat, Antarctica • NEN Station McMurdo, Antarctica
Tracking and Data Relay Satellite Evolution TDRS-L (12) TDRS-M (13) TDRS-K (11) Ka-band Ka-band Ka-band ▪ Active ▪ Active ▪ Active TDRS-H (8) TDRS-I (9) TDRS-J (10) Ka-band Ka-band Ka-band ▪ Pacific ▪ Atlantic ▪ Pacific Ocean Ocean Ocean ▪ Active ▪ Active ▪ Active Region Region Region TDRS-G (7) TDRS-A (1) TDRS-F (6) TDRS-B TDRS-C (3) TDRS-D (4) TDRS-E (5) ▪ Indian ▪ Atlantic ▪ Pacific Ocean Ocean Ocean ▪ Disposal 2010 ▪ Failed to ▪ Storage ▪ Disposal 2012 ▪ Storage ▪ Active ▪ Active Region Region Region achieve ▪ Super-Sync ▪ Atlantic ▪ Atlantic ▪ Pacific ▪ Atlantic ▪ Indian orbit Ocean Ocean Ocean Ocean Ocean Region Region Region Region Region TDRS-1 TDRS-7 TDRS-8 TDRS-4 TDRS-13 WSC TDRS-9 TDRS-10 TDRS-12 TDRS-11 TDRS-6 TDRS-5 Atlas V Atlas V Atlas V GEO TDRS-3 Launched Launched Launched Super Sync Aug 2017 Atlas IIA Atlas IIA Atlas IIA Jan 2013 Jan 2014 Launched Launched Launched Third Generation TDRS Jun 2000 Mar 2002 Dec 2002 STS - 6 STS-51L STS-26R STS-29R STS-43 STS-54 STS-70 Launched Failed Launched Launched Launched Launched Launched Second Generation TDRS Apr 1983 Jan 1986 Sep 1988 Mar 1989 Aug 1991 Jan 1993 Jul 1995 First Generation Tracking Data Relay Satellites (TDRS)
Our Vision Fully Connected Interoperable Space Assets Optical Router ATM Switch Links Other US NASA/SCaN Government US Commercial Agencies (OGAs) Industry L2 & Lunar GEO MEO LEO US - OGA NASA/SCaN US Commercial Gateways Gateways Gateways
Development On-going
Wideband Ka-band Breaking Ka-band Interoperability Barriers ⨁ NASA ⨁ Other Government/ Technology Development Exploration ⨁ NASA TDRS ⨁ NASA TDRS Ka-band Relay Mission Satellite Wide bandwidth Ka-band systems that spans 20 GHz to 40 GHz Next Generation ⨁ Commercial High-throughput Communication ⨁ NASA Mission Ka-band hardware Satellite Mission Flexibility Missions would be able to connect to government and commercial networks that best fit their missions needs ⨁ Other Government/ ⨁ NASA Ka-band ⨁ Other Government/ ⨁ NASA Ka-band Commercial Ka-band Ground Stations Commercial Ka-band Ground Stations Ground Stations Ground Stations
Integrated Radio and Optical Communications (iROC) Combined Ka-band RF and 1550 nanometer optical capability • Teletenna Concept Technology Under Development • Integrate 3 meter Ka-band reflector with 12.2 centimeter telescope operating at 1550 nanometers – “ Teletenna ” concept • Reconfigurable software defined radio with PSK (RF) and PPM (optical) • Beaconless pointing system based on fusion of data sensors • Artist rendition User Spacecraft 3 meter Teletenna • Mesh Ka-band antenna • Mechanically isolated optical system • Telescope contributes to RF aperture gain
Hybrid Antenna – Under Development RF/Optical Technology Concept Development Status • Completed early optical studies • Integrate 8-m optical apertures with pair of 35cm panels into a DSN 34m Beam Waveguide antenna • Replace inner RF panels with primary spherical mirrors (small loss to RF performance) • Mount spherical aberration correction optics and receiver package behind RF subreflector • Fielded second generation focal plane assembly • Artist rendition • Low temperature cryo demonstrated (0.5K at detector)
Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) Optical Module #2 Vibration Testing Missions Status • Launch date: 2019 • Ka-band and Optical payloads onboard Geostationary satellite • Technology demonstration to SHIM EDU Electrical Integration test Optical Relay capabilities to Surrogate Plate with Ka-band • New Optical Ground Stations under development Optical Module #1 Thermal Vacuum Testing Modem #1 Vibration Testing
Cognitive Network Network Awareness ▪ Integrated ground-based weather sensors ▪ Dynamic links switched based on predicted performance ▪ Automatic routing and fusing of ground data Other Cognitive Technologies ▪ Adaptive coding & modulation ▪ Self-configured links ▪ Reliability-based asset assignment ▪ Integration of cognitive security
Operations Concept of
RF Network
RF Network Near Earth DTE
RF Network Near Earth DTE Near Earth Relay
RF Network Near Earth DTE Near Earth Relay Deep Space DTE
Technology Development & Demonstration Timeline Near Earth Near Earth Deep Space Relay Technologies DTE Technologies DTE Technologies ▪ 1.244 Gbps GEO relay two ground stations ▪ 200 Gbps user ▪ Space user terminal (2019) terminal for 125 ▪ 1.244 Gbps user ▪ 200 Gbps low Mbps at 40 terminal (2021) cost ground Mkm range station ▪ 100 Gbps GEO relay, ▪ 5 meter Optical user & ground station Ground Station (2023) – Second Gen 2019 2019-2021 Technology 2022 LCRD: 1.244 Gbps ILLUMA-T on ISS: Terabyte Delivery System: Discovery Psyche: Optical Relay Demo 1.244 Gbps Relay User 200 Gbps Demo 125 Mbps Demo ▪ Space technologies based ▪ Hosted GEO relay payload ▪ LEO satellite acquisition ▪ Deep space optical link on AFRL’s experimental on COTS products and tracking in a GEO ▪ Launch on Discovery STPSat-6; based on relay system (LCRD) ▪ CubeSat-sized, low SWaP 2022 mission LADEE technology user terminal ▪ ISS LCRD Earth ▪ Five (5) meter Palomar ▪ Routing of optical signals in ▪ User-site installable telescope a hybrid environment ground station: eliminates (RF/optical) data backhaul ▪ NASA’s first frame -layer switch in space Demonstrations 2019 2019 2021 2022
Timeline Operational LCRD Discovery Terabyte ILLUMA-T GEO Relay Psyche Delivery Technology User Relay Deep Space System Demonstration Technology Technology Near Earth DTE Demonstration Demonstration Demonstration 2019 2019 2022 2021 Near Earth DTE Deep Space Relay Operational Operational Services Operational Services Services Reuses LCRD and adds two Initially two SCaN operated Adds deep space class more GEO relay node to the ground stations; other terminals to the network added incrementally architecture ▪ Based on LCRD design ▪ Scheduling ▪ Based on first ▪ Augments near earth DTE generation terminals ▪ Ground data buffering network ▪ Ready to support and routing ▪ Cognitive networking in missions starting in ▪ Cognitive algorithms operations 2026 Operational 2026 2024 2025 - 2027
NASA Official Use Only LIGHT Decade of https://www.nasa.gov/SCaN
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Faster 200 Secure Gb/sec 40x more Higher Data Rates S 5 Gb/sec RF (Ku-band) Optical Much smaller beam footprints and receiver fields-of-view increased link security. Higher bandwidth enables mission data to be downloaded using shorter contact times decreasing the number of relay terminals and ground sites. Flexible RF Comms Payload 25% Less Power Lighter Low Cost Consumption Ground 50% less Mass Systems ▪ 100 Gb/sec SWaP ▪ COTS Based Solution RF (Ku-band) Optical Low-cost-ground segments located at mission sites or data centers lower Smaller, lighter, flight communication systems that require less power cost, more direct control, and decreased ground data transport expenses. cost savings for missions.
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