Safe and Efficient Navigation of UAS in the Urban Environment Jim - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Safe and Efficient Navigation of UAS in the Urban Environment Jim Gregory Professor, Dept of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Director, Aerospace Research Center gregory.234@osu.edu 614-292-5024

Overview • Flight hazards in the urban wind field • Flying anemometer for measurement of urban wind fields • Vehicle dynamic response • Unmanned Aircraft Traffic Management in Ohio

FLIGHT HAZARDS

Urban Wind Fields Isolated Roughness Flow Wake Interference Flow Skimming Flow 4 Zajic, D., et al (2011)

Vortex Ring State • Loss of vehicle control, thrust • Random, violent pitch and yaw motions (Johnson, 2004) • Formation of large, unsteady toroidal structure •  Limited descent speed Johnson, 2005 5

FLYING ANEMOMETER

Drone Flights in Gusting Urban Wind Fields: Wake Response Sutkowy et al . AHS 74-2018-0135 Thorpe et al . AIAA 2018-4218

Flying Anemometer  A UAV mounted anemometer will be used to acquire high-frequency wind field characteristics  Can be positioned anywhere desired Thorpe et al . AIAA 2018-4218 8

Atmospheric Measurements Thorpe et al . AIAA 2018-4218 9

Atmospheric Measurements • Building wake survey – 12-m roof-level – 5-m leeward side – Airfield center freestream • 5-minute/location survey

Atmospheric Measurements • Distinct increase in large scale turbulent structures in wake of building roof • Reduction in turbulence intensity in leeward shadow • 16 Hz spike due to vehicle vibration

VEHICLE RESPONSE

Quadcopter Flight Mechanics Singhal et al. AHS 75-2019-0391

Quadcopter Flight Mechanics Singhal et al. AHS 75-2019-0391

Dynamic Maneuvers Singhal et al. AHS 75-2019-0391

Unmanned Aircraft Traffic Management for Ohio Jim Gregory Professor, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Director, Aerospace Research Center

Unmanned Aircraft Traffic Management Turnkey UTM solution for the US 33 Smart Corridor, and a scalable solution for Ohio.

Active Radar and Spectrum Sensing R1400 Active Radar S1200 RF Spectrum Sensor

Passive Radar • Radar system utilizing existing “illuminators of opportunity” – No active transmitter (no FCC license necessary) – Tuned to receive cell, digital TV, radio, etc. signals – Equivalent performance to active radar systems • Low-cost, scalable solution – Simple hardware components – Distributed processing network • Fills gaps between active radar coverage areas – critical for statewide implementation of UTM • Higher risk research, higher reward

UAS Radar Cross Section Measurement • Develop extensive library of UAS RCS signatures – Expansion of existing RCS library developed at OSU Electro Science Laboratory – Multi-band characterization for active and passive radar systems – Provides truth data for active and passive radar systems

UAS Service Supplier AiRXOS Autonomous Services Platform Key Integrated Services • UAV traffic management • Coordinated airspace management • Flight and operational authorization • Conformance monitoring • Public and private UTM options • Cyber-secure architecture • Integrated with non-cooperative detection solution

Summary • Flight Hazards in the Urban Wind Environment • Flying Anemometer • Quadcopter Response • UTM