Rural Innovation in Indonesia Law 6/2014 on villages: Many kind of - PDF document

11/3/2019 Developing University-Based Rural Innovation Network through Built Environment Planning and Design Learning from Applied Research and Community Service Program for Rural Market in Majalengka z Agus S. Ekomadyo Nurrohman Wijaya Institut Teknologi Bandung z Rural Innovation in Indonesia Law 6/2014 on villages: Many kind of rural innovation efforts, exploring the potential   authority to manage the village’s budget To build infrastructure, to  create economic activities, etc. 1

11/3/2019 z Innovation and the Role of Universities Innovation: implementing new University as Knowledge   ideas or concept based on certain Production agents: knowledge that give added values research based publication  in economic, social, and cultural University’s knowledge  development and the agent of Etzkovits Triple-Helix models of  change University, Industry, Government:  Responsibility to the society Antithesis of “ivory-tower”  university: respond the “real- How universities can:  problem” Bias on industrial development Contribute to local innovative   Little explanation on social initiation, but also  complexity of innovation Maintain their role to produce  To good to be true? knowledge continuously?  z Rural Development in Majalengka: Facing the future Future challenge: Aeropolis Kertajati Potential : Agriculture and tourism   2

11/3/2019 z Village Leaders (Kuwu) and Universities Network in Majalengka  National university: ITB (lecturers, students, alumnae) Local university: Majalengka University (rectors, lecturers, students)  The village leaders communication forums and the facilitators  Case: Rural Market in Majalengka z North Maja Village Argapura Village Sangkan Hurip Village Building village-owned farming Revitalizing livestock Building daily good market distribution market market as cultural tourism for village citizen 3

11/3/2019 z METHODS Actor-Network Theory’s: Pro-Innovation Situation (Yuliar, 2011)  z METHODS Design thinking (Dorst, 2011)  Research is designed in pro-innovation situation: contribute to problem  solving and also gain systematized knowledge for academic publication Design Domain Implementation Design Schematic Preliminary Strategies Program Design Design Data Collection 1: Design Design Design Design Informal discussion initiative Consultation result Confirmation and site observation Data Collection 2: Structurized Findings: the role of Theoretical based design for actor’s (ANT) knowledge development Research Domain 4

11/3/2019 z Result 1: Rural Market Development Between Initiatives and Local Policies The gap of authority?  The village autonomy on budget management are impacted to the limitation of  local government authority to give infrastructure provision for rural market development  Alternative ways to gain the development budget Form follow budget, budget-driven design  z Result 2: Initiation Program Data Collecting 1: Informal Discussion and Site Observation  For research: the early For design result: actors’ knowledge for information for design programming initiation 5

11/3/2019 z Result 3: Actors’ Calculation on Initiation Structured Interview: reconfirmation of informal discussion North Maja   Less-occupied trading spaces inside the market Argapura  Willingness from the village leaders to built new  distribution market inside the villages competing with the existing one outside the village Sangkan Hurip  There 3 key actors leader, 2 support, one against  the idea of rural market (any kind of internal political conflict) z Result 4: Design Process and Result Design Process (iterative)  Internal discussion  Sketches and schematic drawings   Design consultation with stakeholders Not conventional participatory, but collective design  6

11/3/2019 z Result 4: Design Process and Result Design Result: North Maja Market  z Result 4: Design Process and Result Design Result: Argapura Market  7

11/3/2019 z Result 4: Design Process and Result Design Result: Sangkan Hurip Market  z Result 5: Design Confirmation Villages Implementation Strategies Knowledge Development and the Role of ITB’s researchers North Maja Chose to initiate partnership with Research activities generate more local private sector villagers involvement ITB is recognized to access the alternative budget to development Argapura Integrating the distribution market Research becomes a part of BUMDes bersama with business programs in Multi- initiation, to create many kind village economic villages enterprises (BUMDes activities Bersama) ITB is important to make strong connection with the West Jawa Governor programs Sangkan Hurip Chose to postpone the initiation Research can mediate 2 village leaders only, need to internal consolidation one leader have different political affiliation 8

11/3/2019 z Discussion 1: Designing Research in Pro Innovation Situation In pro-innovation situation, before research proposal is written,  researchers should understand the concerns of users, and calculate it into the research outcome.  Antithesis for positivistic determinism: scientist know everything, the common people just follow their knowledge In design research, programming is the important stage:  Gathering information as data to guide design  Data collecting is designed with specific theory in order to publish the project  findings academically It is important to record any design activities as data accountability  (concerning both ideas and documentation) z Discussion 2: The Universities’ Mediators for sustainable rural innovation agenda Universities do not stay permanently in the villages, but  their knowledge can generate any kind of innovation activities there. Universities need mediators, to make mutual connection  among universities and the local communities But, mediators has also their own interests.  It is urgent to calculate the mediators concerns for  universities in order to maintain the innovation agenda Calculation efforts is never ending process  9

11/3/2019 z Discussion 3 : From Conventional Participatory to Collective Design Conventional participatory design need “neutral” facilitators to assist  stakeholders to make consensus for development program together. But…participation does not exist in vacuum: actors have their own interest,  some are hidden. Consensus is potentially, and it is often happen actually, betrayed.  Collective is term used by ANT to describe social as human and non-human relation which is collected. Collective design focuses on the actors’ concern to be composed or arranged in design process. It is important to identify the Obligatory Passage Point (OPP), a narrow channel that must be passed by all actors together to reach their own goals. z Conclusion Universities are the agent of change (for social development), by their knowledge 1. production capacity, that have significant actual impact to the society  Rural innovation issues can generate many universities’ social laboratory in the villages. Not as helped-village, but partnership-village  But many local (mostly un-systematized) knowledge that more appropriate to the villagers, that should be learned by universities researchers In developing universities-rural innovation network, it is important to concerns in 2. mediators, actors who capable to transform universities knowledge into village aspirations and initiations, vice versa.  Sustaining the innovation agenda, adapting the uncertainties in development program The Actor-Network Theory (ANT) is potentially to be exercised to conduct the research  in network perspective, especially to calculate the matters of concerns of actors involvement In architectural design domain, it is introduced collective design , using the ANT to 3. calculate actors and to frame project process and outcomes, especially to anticipate the development uncertainity and many project constraints 10