Randeep Sudan Practice Manager for ICT June 2015 1
What is the development opportunity? Support the Sustainable Development Goals (target #16.9) : • “provide legal identity for all, including birth registration, by 2030” 1.8 10 625 billion million million People are Children* (0-14 yrs) Adults*, especially women, “stateless” for lack of have not been do not have identity registered recognized ID credentials * Most of these children and adults come from the poorest households and live in rural areas of Africa and Asia Contribute to World Bank goals of ending extreme poverty and • boosting shared prosperity, while also improving service delivery: 500 50 million billion dollars Could be saved annually People do not have access to in global public spending by 2020 due financial services for lack of to digital ID-enabled services recognized ID documentation
What is our approach? VISION Making Everyone Count Providing an Identity and Delivering Digital ID-enabled Services to All ACTIVITIES Design of integrated Assessment of Implementation & identification systems and identification systems Monitoring enabling environment ENABLERS Leadership and Political Commitment Multisectoral Approach ICT Ecosystem Coordinated Donor Action
Support from the Government of France Analytical work / Global advocacy/ Project preparation Strategy formulation partnerships • Digital Identity Toolkit • Partnerships with key • Knowledge and for Policy-makers in private sector players: access to expertise Africa Secure Identity helped prepare Alliance lending projects and • Digital Identity for GSMA TA in : Development – • Partnerships with other Moldova Connections series donor partners and think Ghana note tanks Djibouti • Identity Management Guinea • Digital Identity (IDM) Experts Group Nigeria Spotlight in WDR16 Vietnam, etc. Inputs into the ID4D + ID4D focus countries Strategic Framework 4
Example of the Ebola countries Technical assistance to develop a biometric identification system* in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone Trace people and contacts • Track payments to Track aid and welfare • • to contain the spread of health workers and distribution to avoid fraud disease public employees (civil and waste Track treatments received servants) • to monitor results Track cross-border • movements of populations * Integrated with other delivery systems, such as national ID system, mobile payment, electronic health record system, social protection registries, among others.
Following India’s Aadhaar example Identity Access to Services Transparency Aadhaar - enabled • 770 million people Rightful claimant gets the • • access to a bank already enrolled and service or benefit account and payment granted a digital ID Same person can’t claim • platform Unique ID verifiable benefits multiple times • Aadhaar - enabled • online at the point of Fictitious people can’t • access to electronic, service, in real time claim benefits paperless services Risks & Issues identified • Legal backing of the program only recently obtained • Political economy issues around the inclusion of migrant populations
Towards a global, regional or sub-regional pooled approach ? • A standards-based approach to ensure interoperability of systems and help drive technology costs down, with an Aadhaar -type of platform across as many countries as possible • Separation of use cases from the core ID registration/issuance : delivery of basic services, such as a opening of a bank account, to be made possible with proof of unique ID (independent of citizenship, eligibility to vote, etc.) • Help deliver the SDG goals and specific country targets faster and in a cost-efficient manner, at global scale 6/24/15 7
Mitigating the risks Potential Risks Mitigation measures Political Economy Risks : Misuse of personal data: the ability to Robust Privacy and Personal • • cross-reference personal data through a Data Protection frameworks unique ID can allow for easier surveillance of targeted groups Strengthened legal/regulatory • Exclusion of minority groups: requirements • frameworks to present IDs can exclude people if Social Impact Assessment and on- • access is not universal (e.g. for refugees the-ground presence and migrants) Technology Risks: Interoperability standards and IT • procurement guidelines Complex IT procurements that can result in • “vendor lock-in” situations Resilient ICT ecosystem • Cyber-security threats • Implementation Risks: Establish a governance model • Lack of coordination between Ministries, • based on legitimate leadership government agencies and other and political commitment stakeholders
Next Steps • Operationalization of the WDR16 : Digital Identity piece • Policy recommendations to client countries, with respect to core principles for design and deployment of digital IDs infrastructure and applications • Partnerships with international donor community and private sector, to develop regional (or sub-regional) ID4D programs 6/24/15 9
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