United Nations Mission in South Sudan OPERATION SOPRANO Presentation to Logistics Branch Association Ottawa Chapter Presented by Richard Quinn, MBA CD LCol - Retired Former Commander, TF South Sudan
UNMISS – South Sudan
UNMISS – South Sudan Topography
UNMISS- Ethnic/Tribal Makeup
Routes – Roads, River, Rail
ABYEI - Disputed Region – Oil Reserves UNMISS 6
UNMISS - Mandate Acting under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, the Security Council resolution 1996 (2011) of 8 July 2011 established the United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS) for an initial period of one year as from 9 July 2011 with the intention to renew for further periods as may be required
UMISS - Tasks PRIORITY - Protection of civilians Monitoring human rights and investigating abuses Creating the conditions conducive to the delivery of humanitarian assistance Supporting the implementation of the AGREEMENT (2009 Peace Accord)
UNMISS Deployment – June 2013 RENK （ - 2 ） MELUT YIDA PARIANG MALAKAL BENTIU AWEIL NASSER YUAI RAJA （ - ） AKOBO WAU XX FHQ PIBOR （ - ） RUMBEK GUMRUK Legend TAMBURA BOR : INDBAT 1 KENBAT MONBAT JUBA YAMBIO INDBAT 2 TORIT TOB RWABAT NEPBAT COB
UNMISS - Op SOPRANO Team Composition Issues/Concerns Threats/Risks Force Protection/Security/Safety Improvements Support from CJOC/NSE Issues/Concerns UNMISS IssuesCanada House
Team Composition - 12 x CF mbrs TF Comd - Deputy Chief Mission Support Centre (JLOC) - LCol/Cdr Deputy TF Comd - Senior Duty Offr Joint Operations Centre - Maj Analyst - Joint Mission Analysis Centre - Capt Air Threat and Risk Assessment – Aviation - Capt Warehouse Manager - Supply Chain - WO MLOs (Yambio, Raja, Bentiu, Melut, Bor) – Capts/Majs NSE - Ops Offr/Adjt & Chief Clerk – Maj & Sgt/WO
Military Liaison Officers Not the same role as UN Military Observers UNMO + Training/Professionaliztion Advisors Conducted one day/3 day patrols by land Conducted air patrols Senior Military Commander for each State (rank of Colonel) Canadians were given prominent role where conflict was frequent (Jonglei/Upper Nile)
UNMISS Cdn Police Advisors Professionalization (Policing + English) Humanitarian Relief project Weekly Ball Hockey Game
Canadian UN Police Advisors Deployment 15 NOV 2012 Renk Melut Bunj Pariang Kodok 4 MALAKAL 2 Mayom BENTIU Gok Fangak Turalei AWEIL Liethnom Machar Mathiang Koch Nassir Lankien Raja Romich Warrap Yuai Kuajok WAU Akobo Maper Panyijar 1 Pochalla RUMBEK Pibor Wulu Yirol BOR Boma Mvolo Tambura 1 9 EZO JUBA Maridi Kapoeta 2 Yambio Narus Torit YEI Ikotos Nimule
Canadian UN Police Advisors **Up until end Jan 2013, there were 19 x Canadian Police Officers in the mission working to professionalize the National Police Force
Proposed CSB Locations FY 2012-2013 9 LOCATIONS RENK 4 LOCATIONS FY 2011-2012 COB MELUT COB BUNJ KODOK PARIANG COB COB 4 LOCATIONS PLANNED COB FOR CSB RECCE GOK-MACHAR MAYOM CSB TURALEI COB CSB COB NASSER KOCH WARRAP RAJA TOWN BORO MEDINA KUAJOK YUAI COB ROMICH COB AKOBO MAPER PANYIJIAR PIBOR CSB WULU YIROL BOMA TAMBURA COB EZO MARIDI COB KAPOETA NARUS NIMULE
UNMISS Site Summary UNDER PLANNED CURRENTLY PROJECTS CONSTRUCTION TOTAL FY 12-13 OPERATIONAL FY 11-12 CSBs 7 13* 8 28 STATE HQ 1 - 9 10 DDR 3 7 - 10 COBs 6 6 10 22 Total Sites 17 26 27 60 * Four CSBs delayed from 2011-12 and will be completed in FY 2012-13 Fifteen COBs co-located with State HQs or CSBs – 45 unique locations
Threats and Risks IED (infrequent but present) Presidential coup attempts (3) Robbery Traffic Accident Extortion/Detention Typhoid, Malaria, Dengue Fever, Nile bug Drunken soldiers/police/armed citizens UN Helo shot down 21 Dec 2012 UN Patrol + contractors ambushed 9 Apr 2013
CHALLENGES • Competing priorities • Wet Season • Lack of staff • Skilled or equipped Local contractors and materiel availability and cost • Transportation capacity (land and air) – river barges! • Long haul distances for movement of resources • Engineering Capacity (LFE/CEC/HMEC) • Delay in equipment and assets from Kosti and Port of Mombasa • Security situation, demining of roads, border concerns
Outreach through Sport
Fund Raising - Ball Hockey Marathon
Ball Hockey Fund Raising Marathon
Borehole for School
Treats for Troops
Treats for Troops
Canada House Enclosed rented home Secondary residence for MLOs on CTO/Transit Security and Cleaning staff live-in Distance to Tomping - 7 mins drive Distance to UN House - ~25 mins drive
Canada House
Canada House
Canada House
Canada House
Canada House
Canada House
Canada House
South Sudan – Failed State
Failed State Index 2013 & 2016 2013 #4 2016 #2
UNMISS – Key Events SPLA soldier shoots down UN Mi-8 helo while doing emergency landing site recce – 21 Dec 12 UNMISS military patrol and NGO contractor ambushed – 9 Apr 13 President accuses Vice-President of attempted coup d’etat – 13 Dec 13 UN fires South Sudan force commander after damning internal report - 1 Nov 16 South Sudan: Arms Embargo, Sanctions Fail At UN Security Council – 23 Dec 16
UNMISS – Mandate - Extension After some earlier SC resolutions extending the mission, on 12 August 2016 Security Council adopted resolution 2304 (2016). The council decided to extend the UNMISS mandate until 15 December 2016, and to authorize UNMISS to use “all necessary means to carry out its tasks”. WHY? The Fight rages on – since Dec 2013 - this time it is civil war + continued border skirmishes with Sudan
UNMISS- TROOPS & POLICE By unanimously adopting resolution 2155 (2014) of 27 May 2014, the Security Council decided UNMISS would consist of a military component of up to 12,500 troops of all ranks and of a police component, including appropriate Formed Police Units, of up to 1,323 personnel; and authorized UNMISS to use all necessary means to perform its tasks. During my year long tour, troop ceiling was set at 7500 and police component of 900
UNMISS – REGIONAL PROTECTION FORCE This measure is “exceptional” in nature for the UNSC In addition to latest SC resolution, the UNSC authorized increase the force levels of UNMISS up to a ceiling of 17,000 troops, including 4,000 for the Regional Protection Force So what do troop and police force increases signal to the world?
UNMISS – REGIONAL PROTECTION FORCE Facilitate the conditions for safe and free movement into, out of, and around Juba, including through protecting the means of ingress and egress from the city and major lines of communication and transport within Juba; Protect the airport to ensure the airport remains operational, and protect key facilities in Juba essential to the well-being of the people of Juba, as identified by the SRSG; Promptly and effectively engage any actor that is credibly found to be preparing attacks, or engages in attacks, against United Nations protection of civilians sites, other UN premises, UN personnel, international and national humanitarian actors, or civilians.
TROOP DEPLOYMENT – DEC 2016
UNMISS – OP SOPRANO If you can imagine a crappy place to be today, it’s South Sudan QUESTIONS?
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