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Pushing and Pulling by Protein Filaments Gayathri Pananghat Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune Exciting Science Group August 2015 What is a protein? What is a protein? What do proteins do? Gives structure

  1. Pushing and Pulling by � Protein Filaments Gayathri Pananghat Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune Exciting Science Group � August 2015

  2. What is a protein?

  3. What is a protein?

  4. What do proteins do? Gives structure � eg. Muscle, Hair, Silk, Spider Web � http://biology-­‑forums.com/index.php?action=gallery;sa=view;id=1185

  5. What do proteins do? Gives structure � eg. Muscle, Hair, Silk, Spider web �

  6. What do proteins do? Gives structure � eg. Hair, Muscle, Silk, Spider web � http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=4523.php

  7. What do proteins do? Gives structure � eg. Hair, Muscle, Silk, Spider web � http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/potm/2009_1/Protein_focus_2009_01-­‑Collagen.html

  8. What do proteins do? Transport � https://sjhsrc.wikispaces.com/file/view/hemo.png/386264468/hemo.png

  9. What do proteins do? Transport � http://www.masimo.fr/hemoglobin/anemia.htm

  10. What do proteins do? Transport � http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/101/motm.do?momID=41

  11. What do proteins do? Transports cargo � Kinesin ¡movie ¡links: ¡ Ron ¡Vale, ¡Lab ¡webpage ¡(https://valelab.ucsf.edu/external/ moviepages/moviesMolecMotors.html) ¡ https://coub.com/view/3ddls

  12. What do proteins do? Transports cargo � http://sitemaker.umich.edu/maybaum.pharmacology.principles/files/ionchannelanim.gif

  13. What do proteins do? Biological catalyst � http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/lab-­‑rat/files/2014/01/Enzyme_mechanism_1.jpg

  14. What do proteins do? Biological catalyst � http://www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/Induced-­‑Fit_Model.html

  15. What do proteins do? Biological catalyst � http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/protein-­‑function-­‑14123348

  16. What do proteins do? http://askabiologist.asu.edu/venom/what-­‑are-­‑proteins

  17. A protein is made up of amino acids

  18. A protein is made up of amino acids +

  19. A protein is made up of amino acids http://people.mbi.ucla.edu/sawaya/m230d/Modelbuilding/modelbuilding.html

  20. Protein data bank (PDB) (www.rcsb.org)

  21. Protein folding The process by which the protein takes up its native conformation

  22. Anfinsen’s experiment (1969) The information about the three-dimensional structure is contained in the sequence of the protein itself. Principles that govern protein structure, Anfinsen, Science, 1973 (Nobel Lecture)

  23. Protein structure prediction attempts Understanding the principles that govern protein folding should allow us to predict the structure given the sequence information � �

  24. A game where the score is thermodynamics! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foldit

  25. Proteins assemble to form bigger structures 28 nm http://www.pnas.org/content/suppl/2007/12/05/0709489104.DC1/09489Movie1.mov

  26. Visualising Macromolecular Complexes Amino acids < 3 Å Secondary structure - 𝛃 - helix & 𝛄 - strands 4 - 7 Å Individual protein subunits (~ 30 kDa) 30 - 40 Å

  27. What is cytoskeleton? Microfilaments � Intermediate filaments � Microtubules � (~ 7 nm) (~ 8-10 nm) (~ 25 nm)

  28. Microfilaments http://www.mechanobio.info/modules/go-­‑0030041 http://csls-­‑text.c.u-­‑tokyo.ac.jp/flash/0611_1.html

  29. Pushing by Actin filaments Lab webpage: Julie Theriot ( http://cmgm.stanford.edu/theriot/movies.html )

  30. Microfilaments Monomers: Tubulin dimers

  31. Pushing of chromosomes by Microtubules Lab webpages: Salmon and Ron Vale

  32. Bacterial Flagella Lab webpages: Howard Berg & Keiichi Namba Proton ¡driven ¡motor ¡movie ¡ http://www.fbs.osaka-­‑u.ac.jp/labs/namba/npn/

  33. Bacterial Type IV Pili Lab webpage: Howard Berg Lab webpages: Shi; Holtz & Kurre

  34. A simple DNA segragating machine Garner, et al, Science, 2007 34

  35. X-ray Cryoelectron TIRF microscopy microscopy crystallography Macromolecular Snapshots of conformational states Dynamics of assembly/ in vitro assembly of components reconstitution Molecular mechanism behind fundamental biological processes

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