PROGRESSIVE ENGLISH II STAGE 3 Lessons 1 - 6 Go Strong 2 Book pp. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

References - Lesson 1 (n.d.). Conhecer.org. [PDF] Retrieved from: ➔ http://www.conhecer.org.br/download/INGLES%20INTERMEDIARIO/IMPERATIVE.pdf Goodman, H. (2018). Go Strong 2. Anglo Digital. ➔ Paterson, Ken & Roberta Wedge (2019) Oxford EAP: English Grammar and Practice for Academic Purposes. Oxford, ➔ Ed. ➔ (2006). Pearson Education. Retrieved in Ingles Corporativo. (2012b, April 15). Imperatives. Retrieved March 28, 2020, from https://es.slideshare.net/jbsaenz/imperatives-12550872 The Imperative. (2020, February 5). Retrieved March 28, 2020, from ➔ https://englishgrammarsecrets.com/the-imperative/grammar/ ➔ UNAM. N.d. Modal Verbs. Ambiente Virtual de idiomas. Retrieved from: https://avi.cuaed.unam.mx/repositorio/moodle/pluginfile.php/2071/mod_resource/content/9/contenido/index.html#interrog ative Pictures and photographs provided by (free of royalty). Retrieved from: ➔ ◆ Stock Photos & Royalty Free Photos By. (n.d.-b). Retrieved March 28, 2020, from https://www.dreamstime.com/ Stock Images, Photos, Vectors, Video, and Music. (n.d.). Retrieved March 28, 2020, from ◆ https://www.shutterstock.com 2006. Modal verbs. Pearson Education in Ingles Corporativo. (2012, April 15). Advice, should, shouldn’t, ought to, ◆ had better, and had better not. Retrieved March 28, 2020, from https://es.slideshare.net/jbsaenz/advice-should-shouldnt-ought-to-had-better-and-had-better-not

STAGE 3 LESSON 2: “Should” and “Shouldn’t” for advice (What should I do?) Go Strong Book pp.110 -111

Objective: You will learn to use “should” and “shouldn’t” to give advice.

Let’s go! Pg. 110 • Have you ever read a page or an article in a magazine where teenagers ask for relationship advice? • Do your friends ever ask you for advice about boyfriends or girlfriends? • When you are having problems with your boyfriend or girlfriend, who do you speak to? • Do you ask your parents for relationship advice? • What advice do your friends give you when you have problems with your boyfriend or girlfriend?

▫ Read these words related to the topic of relationship. Match the words on the left with the definitions on the right. a.Spoken dispute between people fiancé c e b.Acting younger than your age break up f c.Someone you have agreed to marry Go out a d.Former girl/boyfriend argument i e.Decide not to stay together anymore To trust h f.Socialize together as boyfriend and girlfriend. jealous g g.Have spoken fights with other person to argue d h.Feel possessive and over protective ex b i.Feel confidence and believe in a person immature

Let’s see how do we use it: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LnnmHc27hFU Source: 2006. Modal verbs. Pearson Education in Ingles Corporativo. (2012, April 15). Advice, should, shouldn’t, ought to, had better, and had better not. Retrieved March 28, 2020, from https://es.slideshare.net/jbsaenz/advice-should-shouldnt-ought-to-had-better-and-had-b etter-not Source: 22006. Modal verbs. Pearson Education in Ingles Corporativo. (2012, April 15). Advice, should, shouldn’t, ought to, had better, and had better not. Retrieved March 28, 2020, from https://es.slideshare.net/jbsaenz/advice-should-shouldnt-ought-to-had-better-and-had-better-not

Should and Shouldn’t For advice When do we use “should” and “shouldn’t” ? Should is used to give suggestions, advice, recommendations or to express what we think is right or wrong. Examples: ➔ Should I go to the prom alone? ➔ You shouldn’t be eating that amount of candy with your diabetes. ➔ You should wear the red dress instead of the black one.

Should” (Affirmative) ➔ Should is used when something is a good idea for you to do it. Example: You should call her, she may need someone to talk with. Shouldn’t” (Negative) ➔ Shouldn’t or should not is used when something is a bad idea for you to do it. Example: You shouldn’t go out, it is raining and you don’t have an umbrella.

“Should” or Shouldn’t”? (Interrogative) ➔ Shouldn’t or should not is used in a question to ask for advice. ➢ We can make two types of questions. 1.Wh- questions 2.Yes/ No questions Examples: 1.When should I ask for the final project? 2.Should I wear this dress for the party?

I think you should… ➔ We often say I think … should … to give somebody advice. ➢ I think you should buy a new pair of shoes for the party. ➢ I think we should go home; it’s very late.

I don’t think you should… Note: that in a negative sentence, we often say: I don’t think … should … (NOT I think … shouldn’t…) ➔ I don’t think you should call her now; she’s very upset. (NOT I think you shouldn’t call her.) to ask for advice. We often say Do you think … should … ➔ Do you think I should look for another apartment?

Affirmative, Negative and Interrogative Sentences Should & Should not / Shouldn’t Form ➔ Should is followed by the base form of the verb. ➢ He should to study more if he wants to pass the course. ➢ He should study more if he wants to pass the course. (Correct) ➢ He shouldn’t to study more. Source: 2006. Modal verbs. Pearson Education in Ingles Corporativo. (2012, April 15). Advice, should, shouldn’t, ought to, had better, and had better not. Retrieved March 28, 2020, from https://es.slideshare.net/jbsaenz/advice-should-shouldnt-ought-to-had-better-and-had-better-not

Affirmative sentence ▫UNAM. N.d. Modal Verbs. Ambiente Virtual de idiomas. Retrieved from: https://avi.cuaed.unam.mx/repositorio/moodle/pluginfile.php/2071/mod_resource/content/9/contenido/index.html#interrogative

Negative sentence ▫UNAM. N.d. Modal Verbs. Ambiente Virtual de idiomas. Retrieved from: https://avi.cuaed.unam.mx/repositorio/moodle/pluginfile.php/2071/mod_resource/content/9/contenido/index.html#interrogative

Interrogative sentence Source: UNAM. N.d. Modal Verbs. Ambiente Virtual de idiomas. Retrieved from: https://avi.cuaed.unam.mx/repositorio/moodle/pluginfile.php/2071/mod_resource/content/9/contenido/index.html#interrogative

Present and Future We use should to talk about the present or future. Source: 2006. Modal verbs. Pearson Education in Ingles Corporativo. (2012, April 15). Advice, should, shouldn’t, ought to, had better, and had better not. Retrieved March 28, 2020, from https://es.slideshare.net/jbsaenz/advice-should-shouldnt-ought-to-had-better-and-had-better-not

Adapted from the following source: Should and Shouldn’t. Positives, Negatives, and Questions. Modal Verbs. Grammar Reference and Practice Exercises. (n.d.-b). Retrieved March 28, 2020, from http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/Should1B.html

Practice Read the following sentences and the words in parenthesis. Write an advice in the line using “should”or “shouldn’t” with the words in parenthesis. An example is provided. 1. I need to earn more money ( a, get, new, you) “You should get a new job”. 2. David is angry about what Susan said (is, say, sorry, she, she) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Mario doesn’t understand the instructions of the assignment. (about, ask, it, he, his, teacher) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4.Valery often sleeps during class. (at, late, night, she, TV, watch) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. I would like to learn to play the guitar (having lessons, start, you) ___________________________________________ Source: Should and Shouldn’t. Positives, Negatives, and Questions. Modal Verbs. Grammar Reference and Practice Exercises. (n.d.). Retrieved March 28, 2020, from http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/Should1B.html

For more practice visit: https://test-english.com/grammar-points/a2/should-shouldnt/ Adapted from the following source: http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/Should1B.html

Practice: Answer Key Read the following sentences and the words in parenthesis. Write an advice in the line using “should”or “shouldn’t” with the words in parenthesis. An example is provided. 1. I need to earn more money ( a, get, new, you) “You should get a new job”. 2. David is angry about what Susan said (is, say, sorry, she, she) “She should say that she is sorry”. 3. Mario doesn’t understand the instructions of the assignment. (about, ask, it, he, his, teacher) “He should ask his teacher about it”. 4.Valery often sleeps during class. (at, late, night, she, TV, watch) “She shouldn’t watch TV late at night”. 5. I would like to learn to play the guitar (having lessons, start, you) “You should start having lessons”. Source: http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/Should1B.html

Discuss p. 110 Emily is very sad today. She is having problems with her boyfriend, Matt. She has decided to write a letter to the “Ask Jacky” column of the local newspaper. Read an excerpt of what she wrote. Source: Goodman, H. (2018). Go Strong 2. Anglo Digital. p. 110.

Discuss p. 110 Write your advice to Emily. Give an advice to Emily What would you advise Emily to do in this You should situation? This is some advice that her __________________________ friends gave her. ➔ You should stop going out with Matt. You shouldn’t ➔ You should go back to your ex! __________________________ ➔ You should try to resolve your problems with Matt. ➔ You should ask your parents for advice.

Tune In (Track 17) pg. 111 Emily decides to call her friend Steve to speak to him about her problems. What is her advice? Complete the dialogue with “should” or “shouldn’t”. After you finish Reading, practice the dialogue. Listen to the track again and answer the questions. Emily: Hi Steve. Steve: Hello, Emily. How are you? Emily: Not too well actually. I'm still having a lot of problems with Matt. Steve: Oh, sorry to hear that. Emily: I don’t know what to do anymore. l'm feeling very down Steve: You_________talk about it with him in front of his friends an family. I think you _______sit down with Matt shouldn’t should tonight and have a good talk about everything. Emily: We've already talked about everything a thousand times” Steve: Yes, but you ______ go somewhere quiet and relaxing to speak about things. lf you talk when you are tired should and stressed out, you will only make things worse. You_________take him to a quiet restaurant. should Emily: I think that's a good idea, Steve. Thank you.

Tune In (Track 17) pg. 111 1. Does Emily feel happy? No, she doesn’t. 2. How does Emily feel? She’s feeling down. 3. What shouldn’t Emily do? She shouldn’t talk about the problems in front of his family and friends. 4. Where should she go to speak with Matt? She should go with him somewhere quiet and relaxing. 5. What will happen if she talks with Matt when she’s tired and stressed? She will make things worse. 6. Where should Emily take Matt? She should take him to a quiet restaurant.

Your turn pg. 111 & pg. 137 Read five pieces of relationship advice on http://www.helpguide.org/mental/improve _relationships.htm and complete these sentences on page 137 of your Go Strong 2 book. 1 . If you want to work through problems, you should ___________________________________________ 2. If you don’t want communication to erode, you should ___________________________________________ 3. If you want to build a healthy relationship, you should ___________________________________________ 4. If you want to resolve a conflict, you should ___________________________________________

References - Lesson 2 ➔ (n.d). EclecticEnglish.com. Should and Shouldn’t: Positive, Negative and Questions. Retrieved from: http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/Should1B.html English Singsing. (2017, November 16). 7. Give an advice (English Dialogue) - Educational video for Kids. Retrieved March ➔ 28, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LnnmHc27hFU ➔ Goodman, H. (2018). Go Strong 2. Anglo Digital. (2006). Modal verbs. Pearson Education in Ingles Corporativo. (2012, April 15). Advice, should, shouldn’t, ought to, had better, ➔ and had better not. Retrieved March 28, 2020, from https://es.slideshare.net/jbsaenz/advice-should-shouldnt-ought-to-had-better-and-had-better-not ➔ Paterson, Ken & Roberta Wedge (2019) Oxford EAP: English Grammar and Practice for Academic Purposes. Oxford, Ed. Should and Shouldn’t. Positives, Negatives, and Questions. Modal Verbs. Grammar Reference and Practice Exercises. (n.d.). ➔ Retrieved March 28, 2020, from http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/Should1B.html UNAM. N.d. Modal Verbs. Ambiente Virtual de idiomas. Retrieved from: ➔ https://avi.cuaed.unam.mx/repositorio/moodle/pluginfile.php/2071/mod_resource/content/9/contenido/index.html#interrogative Pictures and photographs provided by (free of royalty). Retrieved from: ➔ Stock Photos & Royalty Free Photos By. (n.d.-b). Retrieved March 28, 2020, from https://www.dreamstime.com/ ◆ Stock Images, Photos, Vectors, Video, and Music. (n.d.). Retrieved March 28, 2020, from https://www.shutterstock.com ◆ ◆ 2006. Modal verbs. Pearson Education in Ingles Corporativo. (2012, April 15). Advice, should, shouldn’t, ought to, had better, and had better not. Retrieved March 28, 2020, from https://es.slideshare.net/jbsaenz/advice-should-shouldnt-ought-to-had-better-and-had-better-not

STAGE 3 LESSON 3 Road Rules and traffic signs using “can/can’t” (Can you drive at 80mph?) Go Strong book pp.112 - 113

Objective: You will learn how to Discuss road rules and traffic signs using the modal verb “can/ can’t” Source: Amazon.com: Wallmonkeys Traffic Signs Wall Decal Sticker Set Individual Peel and Stick Graphics on a (48 in H x 48 in W) Sticker Sheet WM498544: Kitchen & Dining. (n.d.). Retrieved April 1, 2020, from https://www.amazon.com/Wallmonkeys-Traffic-Individual-Graphics-WM49854 4/dp/B079NM1H7F

Let’s Go! pg. 112 ➔ When did you take your driving test? ➔ Do you have a driver’s license? Tell about your driving test. o Did you make any mistakes? o Did you pass the first time? Source: o Is the test strict in your country? https://www.dreamstime.com/speeding-c ar-stock-image-image-free-3729141 o Was the examiner nice and friendly to you? Learn more: How to Pass Your Drivers Test - The Secrets! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iIb_BY4xBdI

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/stop+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Banned sign: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/banned+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/no+u+turn+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/u+turn+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/stop+turn+right

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/turn+turn+right+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/turn+right+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/turn+left+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/no+turn+left+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/straight+ahead+traffic+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.elcivics.com/esl/transportation/traffic-signs-4.html

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/slippery+traffic+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/curve+traffic+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/bumps+traffic+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.symbols.com/symbol/construction-sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/50+speed+limit+sign+traffic+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.elcivics.com/esl/transportation/traffc-signs-4.html

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/image-vector/traffic-sign-pedestrian-crossing-121623247

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source:https://www.shutterstock.com/es/image-photo/crosswalk-on-road-safety-when-people-1188615625

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/image-vector/set-led-traffic-lights-arrow-662585758

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/parking+traffic+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/es/search/dead+end+traffic+sign

VOCABULARY WORDS - Traffic Signs Source: https://mx.clipdealer.com/vector/media/A:34435828?

Traffic Sign Exercise Circle the correct traffic sign for the given sentence. 1. You can park here. Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/ 2. You can’t turn right here. 3. You can’t make a U-Turn here. 4. You can’t go from here. Adaptaed from the following source: https://en.islcollective.com/english-esl-worksheets/search/signs

Traffic Sign Exercise: Answer Key Circle the correct traffic sign for the given sentence. 1. You can park here. Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/ 2. You can’t turn right here. 3. You can’t make a U-Turn here. 4. You can’t go from here. Adaptaed from the following source: https://en.islcollective.com/english-esl-worksheets/search/signs

Why Road Signs for this lesson? ➔ Road signs are a very good way to learn about modal verbs that are used to express permission or prohibition. ➔ In this lesson we have covered a few traffic signs. ➔ If you want to learn more about traffic signs you can visit these sites: ◆ www.highwaycode.gov.uk (UK signs) ◆ www.trafficsigns.us (US signs)

Grammar Focus: “Can” or “Can’t” A Modal Verb

Can or Cannot (Can’t) : A Modal Verb ➔ A modal verb is an auxiliary verb that gives an extra meaning to main verbs. ➔ They can express ability, necessity, permission, prohibition, duty, obligation, offer, possibility , etc. ➔ English modal verbs include must , shall , will , should , would , can , could , may , and might . ➔ In this lesson we will focus on the modal or auxiliary verb “can” (affirmative) / “can’t” (negative) to talk about abilities in the PRESENT.

“Can” ➔ "Can" is one of the most commonly used modal verbs in English. ➔ It can be used to express ability or opportunity , to request or offer permission , and to show possibility or impossibility . Examples: ◆ I can ride a horse. ability ◆ We can stay with my brother when we are in Paris. opportunity ◆ She cannot stay out after 10 PM. permission ◆ Can you hand me the stapler? request ◆ Any child can grow up to be president. possibility

Characteristics of modal verbs ➔ They never change their form. You can't add "s", "ed", "ing"... ➢ She can swim ➢ She cans swim ➔ They are always followed by an infinitive without "to" (e.i. the bare infinitive) ➢ He can ride a bike.

Can Vs. Can’t ➔ To form the negative add "not" after can to form one word. ➔ Example: cannot. Short form: can't. (can't = cannot) Source: First English (n.d.). “can - can't - English online exercises https://first-english.org/english_learning/english_beginners/can_can_t_exercises/00_can_can_t_grammar_rules.htm

Questions and short answers with “can” or “can’t” ➔ We start a question using the auxiliary “can” followed by the subject an the infinitive form of the main verb. Source: First English (n.d.). “Can” – “Can’t” question exercises. Retrieved from: https://first-english.org/english_learning/english_beginners/can_can_t_exercises/00_can_can_t_grammar_rules .htm#Questions

“Can” or “Can’t” What does it express? Expressing ability / opportunity ➔ We use the modal verb “Can” to express that we know how to do something (ability) or “can’t” to express that we don’t know how to do something . ➔ The negative form is “can’t” or “cannot” (more formal). ➔ “Can” and “can’t” are always followed by a verb in the infinitive.

“Can” or “Can’t” What does it express? Expressing permission ➔ We also use can /can’t to ask for and give permission.

We say… we don’t say… ➔ Can you swim? Yes I can. (NOT You can swim? Yes, I swim.) ➔ Can she ride a bike? Yes she can. (NOT She can ride a bike? Yes, she ride.) ➔ You use 'can' at the beginning of a normal question so you say: Can + pronoun + infinitive? Can I borrow your pen? ➔ If you want to show surprise you can say Pronoun + can/can’t + infinitive? “I can’t believe it!”

“Can” or “Can’t” What does it express? Requests ➔ And we use “can” to ask somebody to do something! ➔ Can you …….., please?

Summary 1 Source: MyEnglishpages.com. Modal Verbs and their meaning Retrieved April 1, 2020 from: https://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-lesson-modals.php

Summary 2 Source: Can Cannot Can’t - English Grammar Rules. (n.d.). Retrieved April 1, 2020, from https://www.grammar.cl/Basic/Can_Cannot.htm

For more exercises visit: can - can't - English online exercises on the left menu of this web page. https://first-english.org/english_learning/english_beginners/can_can_t_exerc ises/08_can_questions_exercises.htm British Council : Modal Verbs can - can't https://learnenglishkids.britishcouncil.org/sites/kids/files/attachment/grammar -games-modals-can-and-cant-worksheet.pdf

Let’s Continue with our Go Strong 2 Book p. 112: BE AWARE Look at these traffic signs. What do they mean? What can you do? What can’t you do? Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/

Let’s Continue with our Go Strong 2 Book p. 112: BE AWARE You can’t go over 50mph. You can turn to the left. (or you can also say: (or you can also say: You may* not go over 50mph.) You may* not turn to the left.) *May is also used to express *May is also used to express permission to do or not to do permission to do or not to do Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/ something. something. Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/