Professional Issues Chapter 11 Chapter 11 Professional Issues - PDF document

Sources Sources � "Information Technology Project "Information Technology Project � Management“ Management “ by Jack T. by Jack T. Marchewka Marchewka, , Professional Issues Chapter 11 Chapter 11 Professional Issues � “ � “The Cycle of Change The Cycle of Change” ” by Kevin by Kevin Craine Craine From the book “ From the book “Designing a Document Designing a Document Change Management Change Management Strategy Strategy” ” - - http://www.tdan.com/i014fe02.htm http://www.tdan.com/i014fe02.htm Change Change Change Change � Technology and innovation brings change � Technology and innovation brings change � People issues � People issues � ‘ � ‘Disruptive technologies Disruptive technologies’ ’ � Technical/planning issues � Technical/planning issues � Horse Horse - -> steam > steam � � Film photography Film photography - -> digital > digital � � Change is stressful Change is stressful � � People feel threatened People feel threatened � � You will be agents of change � You will be agents of change � you need to understand how people will react you need to understand how people will react � � ... and how do deal with it ... and how do deal with it � The Nature of Change Myths About Change The Nature of Change Myths About Change � “ � “People want this change People want this change” ” � Change is inevitable Change is inevitable - - resistance is useless! resistance is useless! � � “ “Monday morning we'll turn on the new system Monday morning we'll turn on the new system � � IT projects are planned � IT projects are planned organisational organisational change change and they'll use it” ” and they'll use it � Organisations Organisations are made up of people, people are made up of people, people � � “ � “Our people have been through a lot of change Our people have been through a lot of change - - often resist change often resist change what's one more going to matter? what's one more going to matter?” ” � “ “A good training program will answer all their A good training program will answer all their � � A system reacts in such a way as to oppose an A system reacts in such a way as to oppose an � questions and then they'll love it questions and then they'll love it” ” external force applied to it (Newton) external force applied to it (Newton) � “ “We see the need for helping our people adjust, We see the need for helping our people adjust, � � Change is a process: � Change is a process: Change Management Change Management is is but we had to cut something” ” but we had to cut something about managing this process about managing this process � “ � “They have two choices: they can change or They have two choices: they can change or they can leave” they can leave ” 1

In Practice … In Practice … Change Management Issues Change Management Issues � Can managers expect people to just accept a new Can managers expect people to just accept a new � � Realities Realities � information system? information system? � The change may not occur The change may not occur � � What impacts can implementing a new information � What impacts can implementing a new information � People will comply for a time and then do People will comply for a time and then do � system have on the people in an organisation system have on the people in an organisation? ? things to get around the change things to get around the change � Why might people be resistant to a new information � Why might people be resistant to a new information � Users will accept only a portion of the change Users will accept only a portion of the change � system? system? � Consequences � Consequences � How might people demonstrate this resistance? � How might people demonstrate this resistance? � The full benefits of a project are never The full benefits of a project are never � realised or are realised or are realised realised only after a great deal only after a great deal � What can the project team and What can the project team and organisation organisation do to help do to help � of time and resources have been expended of time and resources have been expended people adjust and accept the new information system? people adjust and accept the new information system? Resistance Resistance Breakout Breakout � Resistance is a natural part of change Resistance is a natural part of change � � Scenario: Small & Co. have just been � Scenario: Small & Co. have just been bought by Aggro plc. Small have been bought by Aggro plc. Small have been � Some people may feel that the change requires more time and Some people may feel that the change requires more time and � energy than they are willing to invest energy than they are willing to invest using an accounting package installed in using an accounting package installed in 1998 which is incompatible with Aggro’ ’s s 1998 which is incompatible with Aggro � Some people may feel that a change will mean giving up something � Some people may feel that a change will mean giving up something that is familiar, comfortable and predictable that is familiar, comfortable and predictable corporate financial management suite. corporate financial management suite. � People may be annoyed with the disruption caused by the change, � People may be annoyed with the disruption caused by the change, � It is your job to phase out Small � It is your job to phase out Small’ ’s package s package even if they know that it will be beneficial in the long run even if they know that it will be beneficial in the long run and install Aggro’ and install Aggro ’s package instead. s package instead. � People may believe that the change is being imposed on them People may believe that the change is being imposed on them � � What technical and � What technical and ‘ ‘people people’ ’ issues will you issues will you externally, and their egos will not tolerate being told what to do do externally, and their egos will not tolerate being told what to have to consider? have to consider? � Some may resist change because of the way the decision to change � Some may resist change because of the way the decision to change was announced or because it was forced upon them was announced or because it was forced upon them Change Management Planning The Players Change Management Planning The Players � Sponsor � Sponsor Assess willingness, � an individual or group with the authority and an individual or group with the authority and � readiness resources to support the project resources to support the project and ability to Develop or � initiating sponsor initiating sponsor may hand over may hand over responsiblity responsiblity to a to a change adopt a � sustaining sponsor sustaining sponsor strategy for A change Implement � Change Agents Change Agents � change B � project manager and team project manager and team management � plan and track Evaluate � Targets � Targets progress experiences � individual or group affected by the change individual or group affected by the change and develop � C lessons � project rests on their willingness, ability and readiness project rests on their willingness, ability and readiness � learned to change to change D 2