Prevention & Recovery Conference Countering Pro-Marijuana Influences in the Community – Findings from a Service to Science Evaluation Enhancement November 6, 2014 Oklahoma City National Exemplary Award for National Exemplary Award for National Exemplary Award for National Exemplary Award for Got Outcomes! Coalition of Excellence Innovative Substance Abuse Innovative Substance Abuse Innovative Substance Abuse Innovative Substance Abuse COALITION OF THE YEAR Prevention Programs, Practices, Prevention Programs, Practices, Prevention Programs, Practices, Prevention Programs, Practices, & Policies & Policies & Policies & Policies
Presenters Erica Leary, MPH, Program Manager John Byrom, Prevention Specialist North Coastal Prevention Coalition/ Vista Community Clinic
Video Presentation From presentation by Dr. Kai MacDonald, MD, FAPA Health Sciences Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Family and Preventative Medicine, UCSD
Marijuana Marketing Video Presentation
NCPC Region NCPC serves the North Coastal cities of Carlsbad, Oceanside and Vista in San Diego County, representing a primarily suburban population of over 350,000. NCPC efforts focus on community level changes to impact substance abuse issues (including access, availability, and community norms).
NCPC Funding and Partnerships The Vista Community Clinic serves as the fiscal agent for North Coastal NCPC grants and contracts. Prevention This includes funding from: Coalition •County of San Diego, HHSA, Alcohol and Drug Services (federal SAPT block grant prevention funding) •Drug Free Communities funding from 1998-2009 •Federal STOP Act grant, 2008-2013 •CSAP Service to Science Initiative, 2013 NCPC partners with many other agencies to accomplish goals.
Main Substances of Abuse 2011 California Healthy Kids Survey (CHKS), combined for Carlsbad Unified, Oceanside Unified and Vista Unified School Districts
NCPC Mission The mission of the North Coastal Prevention Coalition is to reduce the harm of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and other drugs in the cities of Carlsbad, Oceanside and Vista through community action , education , support and collaboration .
NCPC Vision All residents and the public and private sectors of Carlsbad, Oceanside, and Vista are empowered to create healthy communities free from problems associated with alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and other drugs.
NCPC Awards NCPC was selected as the ‘Got Outcomes!’ Coalition of Excellence in 2008 by Community Anti-Drug Coalitions of America (CADCA), and received the National Exemplary Award for Innovative Substance Abuse Prevention Programs, Practices, and Policies in 2010 from the National Prevention Network.
Environmental Prevention Strategies Focus on policy and policy change Focus on the social, political and economic context of ATOD related problems Long term focus on policy development People gain power by acting collectively Individual as advocate Professionals help create avenues for citizens to develop and express their voice
How Do We Address Marijuana?
HARM Video Clip
Restricting Smoke Shops The City of Oceanside adopted an ordinance in 2003 classifying smoke shops as adult businesses, which limited the areas where they could locate.
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Enforcement Efforts • Law enforcement and San Diego County District conducted operations to eliminate the sale of drug paraphernalia. • Over 35,000 pipes and bongs were seized in December 2009 operations. •As a result, this newly opened smoke shop in Vista closed down.
Private Street Fair Vendor Policy
Adopting and Enforcing Vendor Policies • Oceanside Chamber of Commerce was first to implement street fair vendor policy stating: “The sale of tobacco, tobacco/drug paraphernalia, or any item that promotes the use of illicit substances is prohibited.” • Now adopted by over 20 street fairs, as well as the San Diego County Fair, this policy impacts over 2 million people who attend these events.
Retailers Campaign HARM focus ~ Taking on Retailers that sell toxic tees!
Drug messages are not just found on t-shirts, but also on sandals, belts, hats, shoes, pins, and underwear
What San Diego County Youth Did About It! • Teaming up with youth coalitions, teens assessed local malls and retail outlets and discovered “Drugwear” • Retailers that sell drugwear received a letter asking them to stop selling merchandise that trivializes, normalizes and glamorizes drug use • County wide media events were used to raise awareness of the issue up with youth coalitions, teens assessed l
Some accomplishments • Vans, a San Diego County Company, stopped creating Marijuana Motif footwear and products worldwide. •Target stopped the sale of “Wake and Bake” t- shirts. •After several years of the campaign, pro-drug items became less common. It is rare to find these items in major stores now in San Diego County.
Marijuana Dispensaries Campaign: Using Local Control to keep shops out of our communities.
Marijuana Dispensaries Campaign: HARM focus~ • Worked locally to ban Marijuana Retail Shops, and referred to them as pot shops. •In San Diego County, 17 of 18 cities have bans on pot shops. •Only the County of San Diego and the City of San Diego have enact regulations.
Media Normalization Campaign HARM focus ~ Pro-Drug Media Invading our Communities
“420 Remix” A Celebration of Sober and Drug Free Life Choices
On April 20 th Over 1000 Youth Gathered at Boomers for a Safe and Drug Free Day
April 20th declared “Sober and Drug Free Life Choices Day”
Emerging Paraphernalia DEA has said San Diego County is becoming the marijuana extraction capital of the United States
Local Hash Oil Explosions
Service to Science Evaluation Enhancement • CSAP/SAMHSA Initiative designed to enhance the evaluation capacity of local innovative programs and practices. • Included one year of technical assistance. • Received funding in 2013 to conduct evaluation enhancement. • Partnered with the Department of Sociology at California State University San Marcos and Policy Solutions Group.
Evaluation Effort • Longitudinal quantitative analysis of CA Healthy Kids Data (CHKS), comparing NCPC region with other areas of CA. • Qualitative components conducted as Participatory Action Research to contextualize the findings. • Creation of summary documents to share findings.
Quantitative Data - CHKS Descriptive Statistics: • A total of 153,274 students. – From grades 7-11 – Age 10 – 18 (average age just over 14) – 52.2% female, 47.8% male • 118 schools, in 12 districts • Comparison districts were matched on: – Racial composition by district – School characteristics (% FRPM eligible, % ELL and % Special education)
Dependent Variables • Marijuana Usage in Last 30 Days – Respondents were asked if they had used marijuana in the last 30 days, measured as “yes” or “no” • Marijuana Usage Over Lifetime – Respondents were asked if they had ever used marijuana at any point, measured as “yes” or “no” • Ease of Access to Marijuana – Respondents were asked how difficult marijuana was for students to get – Respondents could answer “very easy”, “fairly easy”, “fairly difficult” or “very difficult”. – Variable was measured between those that found it accessible (easy & very easy) and those that found it difficult to obtain (difficult & very difficult)
Comparison Years • Comparison ranges created since data not available for each year: • Baseline to Midpoint (98/99-04/05) – Reasoning: Earliest pre-program year of data to the year after all programs had been implemented • Midpoint to Endpoint (04/05-09/10) – Reasoning: Administration years • Baseline to Endpoint (98/99-09/10) – Reasoning: Earliest pre-program years to latest year of administration
Key Findings: Past 30-Day Use 5.50% 4.50% 3.50% Program 2.50% 4.80% South Mid North 3.60% 1.50% 0.50% 0.30% 1.10% -0.50% Program South Mid North
Key Findings: Lifetime Use 8.00% 7.00% 6.00% 5.00% 4.00% 8.00% Program South 3.00% Mid North 2.00% 3.70% 1.00% 0.50% 1.50% 0.00% Program South Mid North
Key Findings: Marijuana Access 1.00% 5.70% 0.00% 0.80% -1.00% -2.00% -5.10% -3.00% Program -7.30% South -4.00% Mid North -5.00% -6.00% -7.00% -8.00% Program South Mid North
Conclusion/Recommendations • Data and evaluation limitations • However, program provides evidence that local public and private policy interventions can impact population-level change at the community level.
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