Presentation Outlines 2 Context of Global Software Engineering - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

S OFTWARE A RCHITECTURE AND C ONSTRUCTION ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… TITLE: A PROCESS FRAMEWORK FOR GLOBAL SOFTWARE ENGINEERING TEAMS AUTHORS: ITA RICHARDSON, VALENTINE CASEY, FERGAL MCCAFFERY, JOHN BURTON, SARAH BEECHAM (INFORM.SOFTW.TECHNOL.(2012), HTTP:// DX.DOI.ORG/10. 1016/J.INF SOF.2012.05. 002) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. BELACHEW REGANE ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY IT DOCTORIAL PROGRAM SOFTWARE ENGINEERING TRACK APRIL, 2019

Presentation Outlines 2 Context of Global Software Engineering  Process support in GSE  Research Questions  Research Approach  GSE Factors  Rationale for developing GT process  Development of Global Teaming Process Area  Global Teaming Model Structure  Results of the Study  Discussion and Open Issues  Contribution  Conclusion  Remarking Points  Lesson Learnt 

Context of Global Software Engineering (GSE) 3  Increasing numbers of software engineers in world wide, are expected to operate in a distributed environment  Challenges within this environment  physical separation  temporal distance  cultural distance  language, or linguistic distance

Context of GSE (2) 4  These distances experienced in Global Software Engineering (GSE) environments  Given the substantial growth and associated complexities of GSE  process models are developed to support GSE  De facto models like CMMI is not sufficient for GSE  Therefore, a specific process area, Global Teaming (GT) have proposed  aims to support GSE implementation

Context of GSE (3) 5 Reason for growth of GSE  Advancement in technical communication  Internet and Telecommunication  Skilled manpower with reduced cost in different countries  Different skills and knowledge at different area

Process support in GSE 6 Software Process  Organizations improve their software processes to improve the quality of their product Definitions  Set of tools, methods and practices used to produce a software product  Set of activities, methods, practices and transformations that people use to develop and maintain software and the associated products

Process support in GSE (2) 7 Debating issues in process  Argue against:  implementing planned processes decrease the efficiency of the software development process  Argue for:  implementing planned processes can increase productivity and efficiency

Research Questions 8 Two linked research questions: RQ1: What are the threats faced by global software project teams if they do not implement GSE processes correctly? RQ2: Can Global Teaming research be integrated in the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) model?

Research Approach 9 Empirical studies  Action research and a grounded theory approach  for data gathering and data analysis Literature review  From 1999 to 2007 in three different phases

GSE Factors 10  Findings from empirical case study research and literature reviews led to the identification of several GSE factors such as  technical support  team selection  clear definition of roles and responsibilities  skills management  process management  risk management  reporting and information management  etc

Rationale for developing GT process 11  Potential threats were identified  through analysis of the literature  empirical work  GSE can lead to increased risks especially when organizational boundaries are crossed  Socio-cultural factors can affect global teams and increase risks  De facto process models are not sufficient to GSE  etc

Development of Global Teaming Process Area 12 Gap Analysis: CMMI GSE factors  To understand how GSE is supported within the CMMI for Development process model  matching the GSE factors identified to the statements in the CMMI model documentation  Systematic gap analysis  explicit process areas  implicit processes defined  GSE factors, not mentioned in the CMMI

Global Teaming Model Structure 13  Having completed the literature review, case studies, threat analysis and gap analysis  GT model developed  to reflect the current CMMI structure to include  Specific Goals, Specific Practices and Sub -practices  Adapt and customize the structure as the CMMI is internationally recognized and used extensively by  industry in their Software Process Improvement activities

Result of the study 14 Answer for RQ#1:  Analysis of the literature and empirical studies, found that ignorance of associated risks can lead to  a loss of competitive advantage  practitioner de-motivation  poor quality software  Failing to implement GSE processes correctly means  organizations are putting themselves at risk of project failure  Organizations lack support in how to implement a GSE strategy

Result of the study (2) 15 Answer for RQ#2:  the CMMI structure used as a basis for the development of the GT process area  by augmenting with new factors found to be important in setting up global software development teams  Thus, GT process area can be used  as a CMMI supplement  used in conjunction with other processes

DISCUSSION AND OPEN ISSUES 16  CMMI is not sufficient as a process model for GSE  therefore, it is necessary developing a process model which supplements the CMMI to fit the global environment  Base on gap analysis  GT Model developed  has two Specific Goals (SGs)

DISCUSSION AND OPEN ISSUES (2) 17  GT process area has two Specific Goals (SGs)  Define Global Project Management  represents practices required at project initiation  Define Management Between Locations  classifies practices required when the project is operational  ensures that as operating procedures are set up correctly  focuses on collaboration between locations  Each SG has Specific Practices (SPs) and sub- practices

DISCUSSION AND OPEN ISSUES (3) 18 GT Model Validation  In order to answer second research question  GT model practices presented , to groups of experts in two organization and given copy of the model  to gain some informal feedback on the mode  The experts found the guidelines immediately accessible and easy to follow

DISCUSSION AND OPEN ISSUES (4) 19 Open Issues  In order to gain more formal feedback as to how the model could be improved  in depth validation of the GT processes based on a Decision Support System (DSS) - on the study  Validating Global Teaming model in industry  need longitudinal study  open issue and on the study by researchers

Contribution 20  Global Teaming process area  important for establishing and managing effective software teams in the globally distributed setting  provide specific goals, specific practices, sub -practices and guidelines  can be used by industry to implement a GSE strategy  Explanation to potential threats to GSE if these practices are not considered

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Conclusion 22  Many organizations have discovered to their cost that implementing a GSE strategy is  a complex and difficult task  Studies show that a number of factors including  the nature and impact of geographical  temporal distance  cultural distance  linguistic distance

Conclusion (2) 23  On the other hand, in geographically distributed environment, team-based software development , the issue is not simply a technical activity  has human, social and cultural implications  need to be specifically addressed  Thus, Global Teaming process area developed to overcome the issues  focuses on the importance of establishing and managing effective software teams in the globally distributed setting

Remarking Points 24 Strength the study  Ways of problem domain and solution domain defined  Way of factors identified and gap analyzed  Way of threats identified and analyzed looking ahead to minimize risk  Ways of literature review, case studies and gap analysis done  Way of designing and implementing validation strategies

Remarking Points (2) 25 Points to be considered  There is no clear boundary set for Framework, Model and Guidelines  lack of consistency in used  create ambiguity  eg. GT process/area/mode/framework/ Guidelines  The reason why the approaches believe to yield better result than others is not justified

Lesson Learnt from the Study 26  Ways literature review, case studies, threat analysis and gap analysis should done  Use of grounded theory approach for data collection and analysis  How to identify Global Software Engineering Factors  How to do Gap Analysis compering with CMMI  How to develop Global Teaming Process Area

THANK YOU 27