Prepositioning Oxfam GB for 2020 WASH Challenge ANALYSIS OF - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Prepositioning Oxfam GB for 2020 WASH Challenge ANALYSIS OF COUNTRIES, PARTNERS AND CONCEPTS

Outline of Presentation Reminder of DFID stated intentions § Short overview of Nutrition Sensitive WASH § Country Selection § Partner Analysis § Oxfam comparative advantage § Proposed Concepts § Concept 1 § Concept 2 § Concept 3 § Next Steps – Proposal Development Steps §

DFID Market & Requirements Analysis DFID INTENTIONS (SEE HANDOUT)

Funding structure Size £140M Duration 3 years Up to 2020 Beneficiaries ? 15M Aiming to meet policy commitment of helping 60 million people to get access to clean water and sanitation. 9.8M people targeted under current BC for £109M No. suppliers 2-5? Inc current WASH suppliers. Can be consortia or individual suppliers Management Directly by DFID

Key points defining structure of WASH programme Country Selection Fragile, SUN, building on learning from current PBR, low WASH access and high Ø malnutrition and/or stunting overlap Target Ø People with low WASH access Women and Children (specifically <5s) for nutrition sensitive WASH Ø Objectives To reach XX? people with improved sanitation or water together with hygiene Ø promotion by March 2020 Include nutrition as an objective ( malnutrition indicators (eg. stunting/ wasting) at Ø impact-level) Ø Contribute to at least one nutrition-sensitive outcome Need to align to SDGs for WASH and Nutrition - sustainability Ø M&E Extended use of independent MVE contractor Ø Rigorous internal measurement, reporting and analysis capacity needed Ø Financing Mechanism Result Based Financing. Ø Ø Lessons learnt on current PBR suggest that clearly defined targets and results framework are required upfront. Up to 30% payments will be linked to outcome level sustainability results - Ø

Nutrition Sensitive WASH DEMYSTIFYING

WASH Pathways to undernutrition ( from WSP , 2015 )

Baby WASH

No significant difference in components of programme but… Change in emphasis – Infants (1 st 1,000 days), especially hygiene of • infant’s hands and barriers to animal faeces and caregivers -usually mother who is focus of most WASH programmes anyway. • Difference in way services are delivered – synergised with Nutrition service delivery preferable. Situations where WASH only may be appropriate: • Where primary need is for reduced distance to water (improved access) in dryland areas to reduce women’s workload and improve access to economic opportunity (also indirect pathway to improved nutrition) • Where MUS are priority (but can also be argued that MUS leads to higher productivity, potential for growth of nutritious food etc) • Where improvement in water quality & quantity, sanitation and hygiene is needed to reduce transmission of specific disease, e.g. cholera, guinea worm etc

Country Analysis

Analysis Methodology Initial filter to remove the countries which are not DFID priorities and did not express willingness to do WASH and Nutrition Sensitive WASH (NSW). à long list of 20 Filter 1 – National WASH and Filter 2 - 4 criteria aggregating Nutrition indicators several indicators Ø Sector strength Ø selected those with the poorest Ø Presence of Conducive Country performance. Policy Environment/ Enabling Ø dropped countries with highest Factors (inc SUN) sanitation coverage/ met MDG Ø Sector Resource Mobilization/ sanitation target; Absorption for WASH & Nutrition; Ø also 2 with low vulnerability to Ø Presence of Innovation in stunting. Programming Approaches and/or technology Afghanistan, Bangladesh, DRC, Ethiopia, Liberia, Mali, Nepal, Bangladesh, DRC, Liberia, Mali, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Nepal, Sierra Leone, Zambia, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe Zimbabwe + Ethiopia and Pakistan?

How important is Fragility? MODERATELY FRAGILE (LOWER MOST FRAGILE (HIGH RISK) – PbR RISK) – conventional PbR project conditions need to be built in possible Mali Bangladesh Zimbabwe Nepal DRC Zambia Ethiopia Sierra Leone Liberia Pakistan

Partner and Competitor Analysis STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES OF EXISTING SWIFT CONSORTIUM OPPORTUNITIES FOR NEW PARTNERSHIP

Likely competitors Ø Wateraid + Plan + ?LSHTM Ø Already part of the SHARE consortium together with LSHTM, a likely alliance for this lot. Ø Partnering with Plan for new WASH challenge. Very Strong, competitive Consortium Ø SNV Ø Strong experience (and smart results framework) for PBR Ø Stronger in sanitation than water and will have to partner with others for Nutrition sensitive WASH. Ø Save the Children Ø strongly and openly lobbied DfiD to focus more on malnutrition, successfully providing evidence based data and approaches Ø WASH (?) and Health strength after merger with Merlin Ø No PbR experience

Potential Partnership wins Remember lessons learnt from SWIFT: Ø Too many partners makes consortium management difficult and Results hard to report on (for PbR) Ø Added value of research/learning organisation in consortium questionable Ø Too many countries increases verification costs WSUP – Weak partner - only valuable for urban programme Tearfund – Strong partner - Solid reputation for small, scale, high quality programmes and strong commitment to sustainable WASH. Complementary country strengths ODI – strong but ? Unnecessary partner Concern – reasonably strong but not compared to others for NSW ACF – Strong partner – especially in fragile states Note Collaboration/Cross learning across consortium (and others doing NSW) likely to be encouraged

Oxfam’s Comparative Advantage Ø Operating in Fragile states – willing/able to experiment and take risks to achieve results Ø One programme approach – can expand and contract to respond to shocks and stresses without interrupting drive for results Ø Well established partnerships and government relationships (leverage and influence for sustainable results) – IN SOME COUNTRIES Ø Innovations in approach and technologies – can roll out where proof of concept is secure Ø (in partnership with Tearfund) Proven success in PbR - strong experience and tools developed. Good learning culture. Note: Expertise in nutrition not necessary for NSW. Informal collaboration at country level can lead to synergised WASH & Nutrition without Joint Programme

Proposed Concepts POSITIONING OXFAM PARTNERS FOR NSW

All comply with DFID’s stated objectives • Include nutrition as an objective ( malnutrition indicators (eg. stunting/ wasting) at impact-level) • Contribute to at least one nutrition-sensitive outcome (e.g women’s or adolescent girls’ or children’s access to water, sanitation and hygiene’ , food security or women’s empowerment through livelihood programming) • Align to SDGs for WASH and Nutrition

Co Concept 1 – Mul Multipl ple Use Wa Water Supply (M (MUS) ) in Dr Dryland Ar Areas

WASH Pathways to undernutrition ( from WSP , 2015 )

Context and Target Ø Water access is still not achieved in many dry lands and burden of fetching water falls mostly on women Ø Sustainability water service delivery is a challenge (seasonal unreliability, climatic shocks, conflict and weak management) Ø Water quantity for good hygiene is more of a problem than water quality or sanitation Ø Livelihoods (and food production, especially milk for < 5s) are dependant on reliable water supply Ø Reliable water supplies, sustainable livelihoods and human capital (inc women's empowerment) are critical for households resilience Ø Targets communities in remote, dryland areas who are exposed to high risk and also have high malnutrition levels (acute and chronic) Ø Relevant for fragile states (and countries with fragile areas) with pockets of poor water access (remote and marginalised communities)

Relevance to 2020 Challenge (which buttons does it hit) Ø Sustainability (sustainable water service delivery) Ø Fragile states – Oxfam recognised capacity to work in complex contexts and match with DFID intention to target poorest of the poor and focus on fragile states (30% of aid?). ‘One Programme’ approach? Ø Private sector engagement – as part of sustainability design (private operators for water service delivery etc) Ø NSW - Reaching nutrition targets via an under-studied but highly plausible route Ø Targeting areas with high malnutrition rates and low nutritional resilience Ø Specifically targeting women

Opportunities Ø Builds on existing Oxfam expertise Ø Potential for multiple outcomes (inc strengthened resilience & women’s empowerment) Ø Few studies but considerably plausibility of women’s workload having significant impact on > 5 nutrition Ø Targeting most vulnerable Ø Build in Sustainable Water Services

Theory of Change Statement IF households/ primary caregivers have access to safe domestic water supply, adopt and practice sustained use of HWTS, adopt and practice sustained MUS for food security/ income generation, adopt and practice sustained behaviour change in food hygiene, hand washing and ' baby WASH' THEN there will be reduction in EED, helminth infection and diarhhoeal disease and better nutrient uptake & absorption for children <2yrs leading to reduction in stunting for children< 5 yrs