Pollutant Source Control Pollutant Source Control for the for the Lower Duwamish Waterway Lower Duwamish Waterway Steve Siefert Steve Siefert & ecology and environment, inc.
Some Some Perspective Perspective
Georgetown South Park Slip 6 Hamm Creek
Elliott Bay Harbor Island 1 st Ave. Bridge Slip 2
Overview Overview Background Collaboration What’s wrong? The Concept Who is involved? How did it happen? Strategy What do they do? Definitions How bad is it? Pollutants Importance How is it done? Pathways Relevance Waterway vs. Upland Waterway vs. Upland Summary How much is too much? How much is too much? Objectives How do they get to the river? How much is OK? How much is OK? What is OK? What is OK? Combined Sewer Overflows What data is good data? What data is good data? Storm water basins
Background In the early In the early 1900’ ’s the s the 1900 Duwamish Duwamish River was River was dredged and dredged and straightened. straightened. Before 1909 Current Path N
Background A 1945 report identified A 1945 report identified industrial wastes discharge from industrial wastes discharge from � metal plating metal plating � caustic cleaning caustic cleaning � � � slaughter houses slaughter houses � spilled oil spilled oil � � � packing plants packing plants � raw sewage raw sewage � � � carbide sludge carbide sludge � treated sewage treated sewage � � � acid cleaning acid cleaning � Low dissolved oxygen was also noted in Low dissolved oxygen was also noted in subsurface waters. subsurface waters.
Today the Today the Background Lower Duwamish Waterway (LDW): Lower Duwamish Waterway (LDW): � 1 of 4 Superfund sites in the Lower 1 of 4 Superfund sites in the Lower � Duwamish/Elliot Bay area Duwamish/Elliot Bay area � 137 identified contaminated upland sites 137 identified contaminated upland sites � � fish and crab with up to 7x more cancer fish and crab with up to 7x more cancer- - � causing chemicals causing chemicals � PCBs have been found in nearly all PCBs have been found in nearly all � resident species resident species
Collaboration Collaboration Collaboration Who is involved? Who is involved?
Source Control Work Group Source Control Work Group Collaboration � Ecology Ecology – – overall lead, site cleanup, direct overall lead, site cleanup, direct � dischargers (all NPDES permit holders) dischargers (all NPDES permit holders) � King County King County – –sanitary/combined system sanitary/combined system � � City of Seattle/Tukwila City of Seattle/Tukwila – – city storm drains, also city storm drains, also � some sanitary some sanitary � Port of Seattle Port of Seattle – –Port property/tenants Port property/tenants � � EPA EPA – – technical assistance, site cleanup technical assistance, site cleanup �
Lower Duwamish Waterway Group Lower Duwamish Waterway Group Collaboration � City of Seattle City of Seattle � � King County King County � � Port of Seattle Port of Seattle � � The Boeing Company The Boeing Company �
Trustees for the LDW Trustees for the LDW Collaboration � Suquamish Indian Tribe Suquamish Indian Tribe � � Muckleshoot Indian Tribe Muckleshoot Indian Tribe � � National Oceanic and Atmospheric National Oceanic and Atmospheric � Administration (NOAA) Administration (NOAA) � U.S. Department of Interior (FWS & BIA) U.S. Department of Interior (FWS & BIA) � � Washington State Departments of Washington State Departments of � � Ecology Ecology � � Fish and Wildlife Fish and Wildlife � � Natural Resources Natural Resources �
Who is lead for what? Who is lead for what? Collaboration Ecology is lead for EPA is lead for Sediment EPA/State Source Control Investigation Agreement Sediment Cleanups Source Control Inspections & Reviews Superfund State actions Source Tracing Apply best source Trustee or control tools Other actions Clean Up Control Acceptable Risk Clean Sediments 13
Dept. of Ecology (Ecology) Dept. of Ecology (Ecology) Collaboration � Hired 2 consultants: E & E and SAIC Hired 2 consultants: E & E and SAIC � � Assigned Source Control Areas to each Assigned Source Control Areas to each � consultant consultant � Coordinated data gathering with EPA, Coordinated data gathering with EPA, � Ecology Site Managers, Property Owners Ecology Site Managers, Property Owners and other Stake Holders and other Stake Holders � Maintains database to track actions items Maintains database to track actions items � to be completed to be completed
Regulations & Agencies Regulations & Agencies Federal State Local Collaboration Ecology MTCA Port of Seattle Puget Sound Clean Air Agency A CERCLA R Safe Drinking Water Act SPU C King County Industrial Waste Program R NPDES Permits UST / LUST t c A r i A WSDOH WSDOT n a e l C A t C c S A T r e t a Urban Waters Initiative Underground Injection Control W n a A e l P C E Sediment Management Standards Hazardous Waste Permits
Source Control Source Control � Definition Definition � � Source Source- - Hazardous material that is migrating or could migrate. Hazardous material that is migrating or could migrate. � The Concept � Source Control Source Control- - Find and manage pollutants and keep them Find and manage pollutants and keep them � from reaching the waterway sediments before any sediment from reaching the waterway sediments before any sediment clean up occurs. clean up occurs. � Importance Importance � � Paramount to achieving cleanup goals for Puget Sound. Paramount to achieving cleanup goals for Puget Sound. � � Must be done to prevent sediment recontamination. Must be done to prevent sediment recontamination. � � Relevance Relevance � � Chemical Engineers understand the processes that generate Chemical Engineers understand the processes that generate � chemical wastes, and the hazardous materials involved. chemical wastes, and the hazardous materials involved. � We have unique skills to help industries & the community avoid, We have unique skills to help industries & the community avoid, � reduce and eliminate chemical wastes. reduce and eliminate chemical wastes.
Source Control Objectives Source Control Objectives Identify: Identify: The Concept � current & potential upland sources current & potential upland sources � � potential migration pathways potential migration pathways � � data gaps needing attention data gaps needing attention � � effective source controls already in place effective source controls already in place � � action items necessary to avoid sediment action items necessary to avoid sediment � re- -contamination contamination re
Source Control Areas Source Control Areas � 23 source control 23 source control � areas (defined by hot areas (defined by hot The Concept spot sediment areas spot sediment areas and storm drainage and storm drainage sub- -basins) basins) sub � Reports completed Reports completed � for 15 areas for 15 areas
Source Examples Source Examples Where do pollutants come from? Where do pollutants come from? The Concept � Unknown fill material Unknown fill material � Spills Spills � � � Pre Pre- -Regulation acts Regulation acts � Residential yards Residential yards � � � Sanitary & stormwater Sanitary & stormwater � Improper storage Improper storage � � discharges discharges � Waterway usage Waterway usage � � Industrial waste water Industrial waste water � Atmospheric Atmospheric � � discharges discharges deposition deposition
Data Gap Examples Data Gap Examples � UST known to have existed, but removal UST known to have existed, but removal � The Concept is not documented. is not documented. � Hazardous material known to have been Hazardous material known to have been � spilled, but cleanup has not been spilled, but cleanup has not been confirmed. confirmed. � Initial Site Investigation completed, but Initial Site Investigation completed, but � extents of contamination not defined. extents of contamination not defined. � Method Detection Limits exceeded Method Detection Limits exceeded � cleanup levels. cleanup levels.
Action Item Examples Action Item Examples � Review missing documentation Review missing documentation � The Concept � Inspect a facility to insure proper storage, Inspect a facility to insure proper storage, � disposal & other BMPs disposal & other BMPs � Confirm proper connections & permits to Confirm proper connections & permits to � discharge wastewater to sanitary sewer discharge wastewater to sanitary sewer � Conduct source tracing in pipes with Conduct source tracing in pipes with � known contaminants known contaminants � Conduct confirmation sampling Conduct confirmation sampling � � Conduct a Remedial Investigation Conduct a Remedial Investigation �
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