Planning for Rehabilitation Planning for Rehabilitation and Reconstruction : and Reconstruction : Key Considerations Key Considerations
Disaster and Development Disaster and Development Development Realm Development Realm Negative Realm Negative Realm Development Development Development Development Positive Realm Positive Realm can increase can reduce can increase can reduce vulnerability vulnerability vulnerability vulnerability - + - + Disaster Realm Disaster Realm
Disaster and Development Disaster and Development Development Realm Development Realm Negative Realm Negative Realm Development Development Development Development Positive Realm Positive Realm can increase can reduce can increase can reduce vulnerability vulnerability vulnerability vulnerability - + - + Disasters can Disasters can Disasters can Disasters can provide provide set back to set back to development development development development opportunities opportunities Disaster Realm Disaster Realm
Objectives Objectives Immediate Immediate 1. 1. Return to normalcy Return to normalcy 2. Medium to Long Medium to Long- -Term Term 2. Increase the level of safety/protection of lives and Increase the level of safety/protection of lives and property in a multi- -hazard hazard- -prone state prone state property in a multi 3. Overall Overall 3. Maximize the involvement of communities and Maximize the involvement of communities and community organizations community organizations
A. Service Infrastructure A. Service Infrastructure Urban Urban � � − − Repair immediately to functional status Repair immediately to functional status − − Conduct detailed systems analysis for upgrade or Conduct detailed systems analysis for upgrade or possible installation of new safer systems – – cost cost- - possible installation of new safer systems benefit analysis to be based on increased safety, benefit analysis to be based on increased safety, better coverage, increased capacity for future better coverage, increased capacity for future development development Rural Rural � � − − Carry out systems upgrade during repair to minimize Carry out systems upgrade during repair to minimize cost cost
B. Income Generation B. Income Generation � Urban Urban � − Conduct structural assessments to certify buildings so − Conduct structural assessments to certify buildings so that businesses can reopen in usable buildings that businesses can reopen in usable buildings − Minimize power/water/telecommunications service − Minimize power/water/telecommunications service interruptions during the repair period interruptions during the repair period − Consider supporting a Jobs Bank/Exchange or − Consider supporting a Jobs Bank/Exchange or Information Center to assist in matching the jobless Information Center to assist in matching the jobless with work opportunities with work opportunities − Support projects which generate income within the − Support projects which generate income within the affected areas affected areas − Speed the approval of loan funds for disaster − Speed the approval of loan funds for disaster- -affected affected businesses businesses
B. Income Generation B. Income Generation Rural Rural � � − − Ensure restoration of power/water/tel. (or availability Ensure restoration of power/water/tel. (or availability of generators) of generators) − − Assess need for temporary business sites. Consider Assess need for temporary business sites. Consider designating a clear central site designating a clear central site − − Support NGO’ ’s and local community groups in s and local community groups in Support NGO organizing livelihood activities organizing livelihood activities
C. Housing C. Housing � Short Short- -Term Term � − Temporary shelter for those who have lost homes − Temporary shelter for those who have lost homes − Out − Out- -migration to other urban areas, stressing services migration to other urban areas, stressing services there there − Protection of belongings − Protection of belongings − Structural assessments of damaged buildings − Structural assessments of damaged buildings − How/where to restart income − How/where to restart income- -generating activities generating activities − Joint decision making about relocation of town/village − Joint decision making about relocation of town/village − Recover of building materials and removal of debris − Recover of building materials and removal of debris − Reconnection of utilities − Reconnection of utilities
C. Housing C. Housing � Medium Medium- -Term Term � − Land tenure/ownership issues − Land tenure/ownership issues − Financial/material resources to rebuild − Financial/material resources to rebuild − Timing − Timing − Access to shelter information/experience in improved − Access to shelter information/experience in improved construction construction − Inclusion of building standards for seismic areas for − Inclusion of building standards for seismic areas for all types of construction all types of construction
C. Housing C. Housing � Long Long- -Term Term � − Upgrading of building code; preparation of building − Upgrading of building code; preparation of building standards for specific areas standards for specific areas − Training related to the standards − Training related to the standards − Training and required resources for − Training and required resources for inspection/enforcement inspection/enforcement − Review/upgrading of construction materials − Review/upgrading of construction materials standards, quality control standards, quality control
D. Schools D. Schools Return to function as soon as possible Return to function as soon as possible • • Conduct structural assessment and perform repairs Conduct structural assessment and perform repairs • • before reopening damages schools before reopening damages schools For more heavily damaged schools, do not reopen For more heavily damaged schools, do not reopen • • until repair and retrofit are complete until repair and retrofit are complete Incorporate earthquake resistant construction Incorporate earthquake resistant construction • • techniques during construction of all new school techniques during construction of all new school
E. Tourism E. Tourism Ensure that workforce, transport and services are Ensure that workforce, transport and services are • • available and functioning normally…………… …………… available and functioning normally Facilitate structural assessment and appropriate Facilitate structural assessment and appropriate • • repair to hotel, guesthouses, sites of historic repair to hotel, guesthouses, sites of historic interest, etc. interest, etc. Communicate restoration of services & positive Communicate restoration of services & positive • • approach of media approach of media Conduct a detailed study of retrofit and other Conduct a detailed study of retrofit and other • • protection options specifically for cultural protection options specifically for cultural monuments and historic sites monuments and historic sites
Institutional Institutional Arrangements for Arrangements for Reconstruction Reconstruction (Gujarat Experience) (Gujarat Experience)
26 January 2001: The Terrible 26 January 2001: The Terrible Human Tragedy Human Tragedy Earthquake of magnitude 6.9 on Richter scale Earthquake of magnitude 6.9 on Richter scale One of the worst Reported lives earthquakes in the lost 13,805 last 180 years 167,000 persons Over 11,00,000 suffered injury homes affected by the calamity Over 2000 Over 10,000 small and schools, 300 medium industrial units hospitals Around 50,00,000 went out of production destroyed people needed to be 50,000 artisans lost their given immediate relief livelihood
To co- -ordinate the massive effort, a nodal agency was ordinate the massive effort, a nodal agency was To co created – – created Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority Reconstruction Reconstruction Mitigation Mitigation Planning and Planning and Planning, Planning, Program Program Monitoring, Monitoring, Management Management Implementing Implementing Emergency Emergency response response Guidance & Guidance & Monitoring Monitoring … which effectively co which effectively co- -ordinates with all the entities ordinates with all the entities … associated with disaster management associated with disaster management
PROJECT SCOPE & PROJECT SCOPE & OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES � Promoting sustainable recovery in the Promoting sustainable recovery in the � disaster- -affected areas, and affected areas, and disaster � Laying the foundation for sustainable Laying the foundation for sustainable � disaster management capacity in disaster management capacity in Gujarat. Gujarat.
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