Planned OBT Experiments at CRL Planned OBT Experiments at CRL September 14, 2011 Sang Bog Kim and Vladimir Korolevych Research Scientist Environmental Technologies Branch Chalk River Laboratories Chalk River, Ontario Canada 1 UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ
Outline • AECL’s Nuclear Laboratories • Background • Current Tritium Experiments • Issues • Planned Tritium Experiments • Discussions UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 2
The Nuclear Laboratories Chalk River – July 29 1945 • Birthplace of Canada’s nuclear technology • First sustained nuclear criticality outside the USA (ZEEP) • Supplier of Cobalt-60 for first cancer treatment in Canada (1951) • Established as a Crown Corporation (AECL) in 1952 • Nuclear Power Demonstration (NPD) became operational, demonstrating CANDU as viable electricity producer (1962) • First commercial reactor began operation in 1971 (Pickering A1) • Dr. Bertram Brockhouse awarded 1994 Nobel Prize in Physics for neutron scattering research • > 60 year nuclear legacy
AECL Nuclear Laboratories -Today • The “knowledge base” of the Canadian nuclear industry • Location of several key national nuclear facilities • Major producer of medical radioisotopes • Leader in Canadian nuclear environmental stewardship • A nuclear laboratory applying science & technology for the benefit of Canadians and the world. UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ
AECL Nuclear Laboratories - Today • Specialized Expertise - Employees: Chalk River 2780 Whiteshell 406 Ottawa 15 Port Hope 25 • Specialized Research, Development and Test Facilities • Unique capabilities to work with radioactive materials UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 5
Unique S& T Facilities Fuel Thermalhydraulics Surface Science Hot Cells Fabrication Biological Research Facility NRU ZED-2 UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ
Current AECL Organizational Structure AECL Commercial Nuclear Operations Laboratories UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 7
Tw o New Organizations Candu energy AECL AECL Nuclear Laboratories • AECL’s CANDU Reactor Division will be divested. • The Nuclear Laboratories will • play an important role in the future success of Candu energy (and the CANDU fleet) • retain “AECL Brand” • remain a Crown Corporation (for near-term) • be subject of review/restructuring by the Federal Gov’t. UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 8
Background • AECL Restructure - SP: Privatized to CANDU Energy - CRL : Under Government • National Laboratories • International Collaboration • Tritium is still important for Canadians UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 9
Current Tritium Experiments (1) • OBT in Fish - Rainbow trout (from 150g to 600g) - All tagged - HTO (7,000 Bq/L) and OBT (30,000 Bq/L) exposure simultaneously • OBT in Soil - Historical HT release sites - Major wind direction sites - OBT background in Canada • HT exposure to Microbes isolated from Darlington Nuclear Power Station soil UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 10
Current Tritium Experiments (2) UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 11
Current Tritium Experiments (3) UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 12
Current Tritium Experiments (4) UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 13
Issues • OBT measurements • OBT concentrations in fish from Ottawa River • OBT background in soil • OBT model develop and validation UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 14
Planned Tritium Experiments • Multi-purpose Exposure Chamber Experiment - Collaboration with Romania under MOU - Day and night time exposure - Wet and foggy condition exposure - OBT translocation to crop • OBT Inter-laboratory Comparison - Collaborate with CEA (France) - International Worksop will be held May, 2012 in France • Site-specific OBT fish Model - Perch Lake (2013) - Ottawa River (Collaborate with Romania) UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 15
Discussion • Tritium monitoring paradigm (from HTO to OBT) - Water sample (HTO, Dissolved organic tritium (DOT)) - Biota sample (OBT or both) • Observation and prediction (modelling) - Normal operation: observation and accuracy - Accidental situation: modelling and conservative • Validation (Acute and Chronic) - Acute experiment (chamber exposure) - Chronic experiment (field measurement) UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 16
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL
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