Phragmites 101 Paul Bollinger, PWS Bollinger Environmental, Inc - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Phragmites 101 Paul Bollinger, PWS Bollinger Environmental, Inc November 9, 2017 1

WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE NATIVE. 2

QUICK LOCAL HISTORY OF PLANTS 3

NATIVE WETLAND AREAS Be ne fits • Hig h spe c ie s dive rsity • F ilte r to xins • I nc re a se d wildlife usa g e • F lo o d c o ntro l • Re c re a tio n 4

HOW MANY PLANTS ARE NATIVE AND HOW DID THEY BECOME CONSIDERED NATIVE • T he re a re 1,876 na tive spe c ie s in the Chic a g o re g io n a nd a b o ut 17,000 in No rth Ame ric a • T he re a re 1,273 no n-na tive spe c ie s in the Chic a g o re g io n a nd a b o ut 3,800 in No rth Ame ric a • Mo st no n-na tive pla nts a re no t c o nside re d inva sive 5

ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES 6

HISTORY OF PHRAGMITES AUSTRALIS • Ab o ut 11,000 ye a rs a g o Phra g mite s is da te d fro m c o re sa mple s ta ke n in Rho de I sla nd • 1700 – 1800’ s E xplo re rs to No rth Ame ric a de sc rib e Phra g mite s a s a mino r we tla nd pla nt c o nfine d to e dg e s • 1910 Phra g mite s is de sc rib e d a s ple ntiful in the sa lt ma rshe s o f Ne w Je rse y • 1950 Phra g mite s e xpa nsio n is no t c o nside re d a pro b le m a lo ng the e a st c o a st • 1970 Ac c o rding to Wilhe lm the Chic a g o Re g io ns first c o lle c tio n o f Phra g mite s a ustra lis wa s ma de fro m sha llo w wa te r a t Go o se L a ke Pra irie Sta te Na tura l Are a Grundy Co unty • L a st c o uple o f de c a de s ha ve wide spre a d Phra g mite s a ustra lis. Re se a rc h is sho wing a na tive a nd a no n-na tive stra in (E uro pe a n) 7

NATIVE PHRAGMITES AND NON- NATIVE PHRAGMITES 8

PRESETTLEMENT LANDSCAPE AND TODAY, RELATED TO THE SPREAD OF PHRAGMITES AUSTRALIS Note: Phragmites australis is well adapted to freshwater pollution, stormwater runoff and sedimentation. 9

WHY IS THE NATURAL HISTORY OF THE NON-NATIVE PHRAGMITES SO BAD • Pro duc e s a lo t via b le se e ds • Spre a ds ve g e ta tive ly ve ry suc c e ssfully • Alle lo pa thy • As a re sult pro duc e s mo no c ulture s • Ha s fe w na tura l pre da to rs • Ada pte d to b e a t up we tla nds 10

MONOCULTURE 11

AS A RESULT OF PHRAGMITES NATURAL HISTORY • Re duc e s b io dive rsity • De c re a se s wildlife usa g e • I nc re a se s e utro phic a tio n 12

WHAT KEEPS SPECIES IN CHECK • Co mpe titio n (fo o d, wa te r, nutrie nts, lig ht, e tc ) • Pre da tio n • Dise a se 13

CONTROL FOR PHRAGMITES • Spra y mo no c ulture s with a q ua tic -a ppro ve d he rb ic ide (g lypho sa te ) • Ha b ita t (ima za pyr) b ut c a n mo ve into the so ils so ra re ly use d • Afte r initia l tre a tme nt stra g g le rs a re ha nd wic ke d with g lypho sa te • T a ke s a c o uple o f se a so ns 14

Questions? Paul Bollinger, PWS Bollinger Environmental Inc. 4901 Forest Ave., Suite C Downers Grove, IL 60515 630-968-1960 pbollinger@bollingerenvironmental.com 15