TRADE PRIVATE UNITARY ENTERPRISE "CELIYA" “Bacteria are catalysts of biogeochemical cycles, which were forming the biosphere during the first two-thirds of its existence and which still remain a basis of biogeochemical machine of the planet". Member of the Academy of Sciences Zavarzin G.A. O FORM * AND AZO T PHO SP H O FORM * T AKE MINERALNUT RIT IO N F ROM NAT URE * commercial name
www.celiya.ru O FORM * AND AZO T PHO SPHO FORM * Today one of the main issues for a manager and agronomist of a modern agricultural company is to minimize costs on manufacturing of crop products. The cost of crop products can be decreased in two ways: » By cutting down production costs and receiving average stable yield for a specific crop and specific cultivation region. » By increasing yield of the same species incurring the same or slightly higher costs. Maximum use of soil bioenergy potential appears to be one of the main recourses to increase performance and farming consistency. Arranging optimum conditions for mineral nutrition is a human-controlled factor influencing physiological processes in plants. Expenses on mineral fertilizers are known to be a dominating spending item in the cost structure for manufacturing of crop products. Use of nutrients out of mineral fertilizers by domestic plants in the year of input does not exceed 50%, i.e. more than half of actual costs on their acquisition and input turns out to be ineffective, thus leading to receiving economically unjustified yields and high costs of agricultural products. Impact on soil microflora to ensure predominance of beneficial microorganisms promotes improvement and maintenance of chemical and physical properties of the soil. We offer to supplement mineral nutrition of plants with microbiological fertilizers Azotoform * and Phosphoform * . www.celiya.ru www.celiya.ru * commercial name
O FORM * AND O FORM * AND General functional principle of AZO T AZO T Effects of PHO SPHO FORM * PHO SPHO FORM * the microbiological fertilizers the microbiological fertilizers Azotoform* and Phosphoform* Azotoform* and Phosphoform* Microorganisms of Azotoform * There are specific conditions created in and Phosphoform * : the root area – the rhizosphere, which are » increase yields and its quality, resulting drastically different from common soil in costs reduction. conditions. » increase accessibility and efficiency of A gram of soil taken from the out of the mineral fertilizers application. root area accounts for 5-10 million » stimulate root development, microorganisms, while the root area contains germination, growth rates of underground 1-10 billion of them. According to modern seedlings, as well as reduce toxicological research, the rhizosphere contains ten, effects of fungicides after chemical seed hundred and even thousand times larger dressing. number of microorganisms than out of the » synthesize biologically active root zone. Microorganisms cover the root substances suppressing development of system with almost a solid layer. This layer is phytopathogenic fungi. called a biologically active layer of soil as » revitalize soil for subsequent seeding. microbiological processes run especially Microorganisms of Azotoform * and intensively in it. Phosphoform * demonstrate contained in Microorganisms good performance in drought microbiological fertilizers Azotoform * and conditions of various regions of Russia of a Phosphoform * inhabit the root area and Kazakhstan. While a plant is alive, plant and then start participating in its root pulls up moisture soil out of biochemical reactions. thickness and produces exudates which fixation Azotoform * microbes perform bacteria nourish with. adding of atmospheric nitrogen thus Thus microorganisms of additional amount of nitrogen to plants. Azotoform * and Phosphoform * living on perform Phosphoform * microbes roots are in conditions favorable for their work which chemical transformations after even with high temperatures of soil surfaces. unavailable forms of phosphorus and potassium become available for plants. www.celiya.ru www.celiya.ru * commercial name * commercial name
Methods of application of the O FORM * AND O FORM * AND AZO T AZO T PHO SPHO FORM * PHO SPHO FORM * microbiological fertilizers Azotoform* and Phosphoform* of microbiological Application Application of microbiological fertilizers Azotoform * and Phosphoform * fertilizers Azotoform * and jointly with fungicides ensures reduction of Phosphoform * does not require any well toxicological effects of the latter, as additional costs, as it fully corresponds first as stimulates sprout growth at the with the technology of standard the photograph). stage of plants life (see agricultural practices: This is testified by samples of Preplanting treatment of seeds, tubers underground seedlings and roots of winter together with fungicides (rate of the fertilizer wheat, which seeds were treated with application depends on hectare seeding rate. microbiological fertilizers Azotoform * and It was verified that the number of Phosphoform * jointly with fungicides, versus viable cells of microorganisms of without an option application of Azotoform * and Phosphoform * does not fertilizers microbiological (see the table). change in treated seeds compared with the When checked, biometrics are higher original ones within 45 days. but the infection background is high as » Treatment of vegetative plants jointly with well. chemical crop protection agents against weeds. Results of the plants biometrical analysis for cereal crops on the 15-th day from the start » Preplanting application into soil jointly of their sprouting, (composition of the protectant with soil-dwelling chemical crop protection is as follows - difenoconazole, cyproconazole, expenditure is 1 l/t, laboratory of the Nizhne- agents and subsequent working-in. Volzhsky Agricultural Research Institute) Joint application of microbiological fertilizers Azotoform * and Phosphoform * produces maximum effect. www.celiya.ru www.celiya.ru * commercial name * commercial name
Scheme of nitrogen biological cycle by R. Ricklefs Mechanism of action of O FORM* AND O FORM* AND AZOT AZOT the microbiological fertilizer PHOSPHO FORM* PHOSPHO FORM* Azotoform* Nitrogen accounts for 80% of the atmospheric air and is the largest storage capacity, as well as the safety valve of the Atoms in the nitrogen molecule are atmosphere; it participates in construction connected with a competent triple covalent of all proteins and nucleic acids. bond, therefore it practically does not enter Atmospheric nitrogen fixation by into any redox reactions under normal microorganisms is one of the most conditions without application of catalysts, important among processes which impact and it cannot be used by plants or animals. the biological productivity on the Earth. The biochemical mechanism of Biological nitrogen may serve as a fixation of the molecular nitrogen out of air is sufficient addition to the nitrogenous fund based on the N2 restoration process of soil, promoting increase in its fertility and according to the following equation: N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 + 615.63 kJ thus ensuring more economical consumption of technical nitrogen – (or 2N) In a year-time bacteria-nitrogen nitrogen of fertilizers. fixers can reserve for plants from 20 to 100 The strain of the nitrogen-fixing kg of nitrogen per one hectare. bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum is the Then nitrite bacteria, which are widely- foundation of the microbiological fertilizer spread in nature, start performing their Azotoform * . functions to oxidize ammonia (down to Nitrogen fixation is the fixation of the nitrous acid and hydrogen nitrate molecular atmospheric nitrogen, respectively): diazotrophy. It is the process of restoring a 2NH3 + 3O2 → 2HNO2 + 2H2O + 148 kkal nitrogen molecule and its inclusion in the 2HNO2 + O2 → 2HNO3 + 48 kkal content of the biomass by prokaryotic These acids during the exchange (without formed karyon) microorganisms – reactions, undergone in interstitial waters, nitrogen fixers. In land ecosystems nitrogen form salts (nitrites and nitrates) which plants fixers concentrate generally in soil and nourish with: about 20% of nitrogen in these ecosystems K2CO3 + 2HNO3 → 2KNO3 + CO2↑ + H2O is the new nitrogen gained out of the (or CaCO3) atmosphere by nitrogen fixation. www.celiya.ru www.celiya.ru * commercial name * commercial name
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